Skip to main content

Divergence and Convergence of International Development

A Socio-economic Approach

  • Chapter
Rich and Poor

Part of the book series: Social Indicators Research Series ((SINS,volume 15))

  • 242 Accesses

Abstract

Inter-country convergence in growth of per capita gross domestic product or labor productivity is an important phenomenon that attracted the researchers in economics recently. This paper examines the convergence of the indicators related to the quality of life rather than income or productivity. In this connection the paper follows the straightforward approach to test inter-country convergence on the basis of a very simple test that relates rate of growth of an indicator with the initial value of that indicator. The convergence tests for the indicators reflecting quality of life of human beings, such as, infant survival rate, life expectancy at birth, adult literacy rate, calorie intake as percentage of requirement for the full sample as well as for low income and middle income groups indicate that in all the cases for all the indicators divergence has been observed while for the high income group no definite indication has been observed. Divergence also has been observed for per capita real gross domestic product for the full sample as well as for the sample drawn from the low and the middle income groups. The sample drawn from the high income group shows convergence in this respect.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 84.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 109.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  • Abramovitz, M. (1986): Catching Up, Forging Ahead and Falling Behind. Journal of Economic History, 46 (2), 385–406.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Barro, R.J. (1991): Economic Growth in a Cross Section of Countries. The Quarterly Journal of Economics, 106 (2), 407–444.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Baumol, W.J. (1986): Productivity Growth, Convergence and Welfare: What the Long-run data Show. American Economic Review, 76 (5), 1072–1085.

    Google Scholar 

  • Baumol, W.J. & E.N. Wolff (1988): Productivity Growth, Convergence and Welfare: Reply. American Economic Review, 78 (5), 1155–1159.

    Google Scholar 

  • Baumol, W.J., S.A.B. Blackman & E.N. Wolff (1989): Productivity and American Leadership: The Long View. Cambridge: M.A. MIT Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • De Long, J.B. (1988): Productivity Growth, Convergence and Welfare: Comment. American Economic Review, 78 (5), 1138–1154.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dollar, D. & E.N. Wolf (1988): Convergence of Industry Labour Productivity Among Advanced Economies, 1963–1982. Review of Economics and Statistics, 70 (4), 549–558.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Evans, P. & G. Karras (1993): Do Standards of Living Converge? Some Cross-Country Evidence. Economics Letters, 43 (2), 149–155.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Mankiw, N.G., D. Romer & D.N. Well (1992): A Contribution to the Empirics of Economic Growth. The Quarterly Journal of Economics, 107 (2), 407–438.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Peacock, W.G. & G.A. Hoover (1988): Divergence and Convergence in International Development: A Decomposition Analysis of Inequality in World System. American Sociological Review, 53, 838–852.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ram, R. (1989): Level of Development and Income Inequality: An Extension of Kuznets Hypothesis to the World Economy. Kyklos, 42 (1), 73–88.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ram, R. (1990): Educational Expansion and Schooling Inequality: International Evidence and Some Implications. Review of Economics and Statistics, 72 (2), 266–274.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Ram, R. (1992): Education and the Convergence Hypothesis: Additional Cross-Country Evidence. Economia Internazionale, 44 (May-August), 244–253.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sen, A.K. (1981): Public Action and the Quality of Life in Developing Countries. Oxford Bulletin of Economics and Statistics, 43 (4), 287–319.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sen, A.K. (1998): Mortality as an Indicator of Economic Success and Failure. The Economic Journal, 108 (446), 1–25.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Summers, R. & A. Heston (1988): A New Set of International Comparisons of Real Product and Price Levels: Estimates for 130 Countries, 1950–85. Review of Income and Wealth, 34 (1), 1–25.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • United Nations Development Programme: Human Development Report. 1990, 1997, 1998, 1999. New York: Oxford University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • World Bank: The World Tables. 2nd& 3rdedition. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press

    Google Scholar 

  • World Bank: World Development Report. 1978, 1980, 1997, 1998, 1999. New York: Oxford University Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Zind, R.G. (1991): Income Convergence and Divergence within and between LDC Groups. World Development, 19 (6), 719–727.

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 2002 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Mazumdar, K. (2002). Divergence and Convergence of International Development. In: Glatzer, W. (eds) Rich and Poor. Social Indicators Research Series, vol 15. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-010-0257-8_5

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-010-0257-8_5

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht

  • Print ISBN: 978-94-010-3954-3

  • Online ISBN: 978-94-010-0257-8

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics