Abstract
Most parasitic weeds produce a large number of seeds per single plant. In context with the requirement for the stimulation of germination this high reproduction forms part of their strategy to survive. Before the last decade, little attention was paid to the reproductive capacity of these weeds, and numerous recent papers refer to non-realistic data on their seed production.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.
Buying options
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Learn about institutional subscriptionsPreview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
Literature
Literature
Hammad S, H El-Arosi & O Al-Menoufi 1967. Phytomyza orobanchia Kalt (Diptera: Agromyzidae) feeding on Orobanche crenata Forsk. in Egypt. Bulletin de la Société Entomologique d’Egypte 51: 141–144.
Jones M 1991. Seed mass and seed production in British Orobanche species. In: Proceedings of the 5th International Symposium of Parasitic Weeds; JR Ransom, LJ Musselman, AD Worsham & C Parker (eds.), CIMMYT, Nairobi, Kenya, 447–453.
Linke KH 1992. Biology and control of Orobanche in legume crops. PLITS 10(2): 33–36.
Linke KH, H Schnell & MC Saxena 1991. Factors affecting the seed bank of Orobanche crenata in fields under lentil based cropping systems in Northern Syria. In: JK Ransom, LJ Musselman, AD Worsham & C Parker (eds.), Proceedings of the 5th International Symposium of Parasitic Weeds. CIMMYT, Nairobi, Kenya, 321–327.
Linke KH 1991. Orobanche studies. In: Food legume improvement program - Annual report for 1990. ICARDA, Aleppo, Syria, 216–242.
Lopez-Granados F & L Garcia-Torres 1991. Estimation of Orobanche crenata seed production. In: K Wegmann & LJ Musselman (eds.), Progress in Orobanche research. Eberhard-Karls-Universität, Tübingen, Germany, 92–98.
Reuter, BC 1986. The habitat, reproductive ecology and host relations of Orobanche fasciculata Nutt. (Orobanchaceae) in Wisconsin. Bulletin of the Torrey Botanical Club 113(2): 110–117.
Literature
Bebawi FF, RE Eplee, CE Harris & RS Norris 1984. Longevity of witchweed (Striga asiatica) seed. Weed Science 32: 494–497.
Kust CA 1963. Dormancy and viability of witchweed seeds as affected by temperature and relative humidity during storage. Weed Science 11, 247-250.
Literature
Aalders AJG & R Pieters 1985. In vitro testing with 2, 3, 5-triphenyl tetrazolium chloride (TTC) of Orobanche crenata seed metabolism. FABIS Newsletter 13: 35–37.
Bebawi FF, RE Eplee, CE Harris & RS Norris 1984. Longevity of witchweed (Striga asiatica) seed. Weed Science 32: 494–497.
Bischof F 1984. Untersuchung zur Bestimmung der Keimfähigkeit von Samen einiger Orobanche-Arten. Zeitschrift für Pflanzenkrankheiten und Pflanzenschutz, Sonderheft 10: 105–107.
Bulat H 1956. Instructions for making the tetrazolium test. Proceedings of the International Seed Testing Association 21: 52–55.
Linke KH 1987. Untersuchungen über Keimung und Jugendentwicklung von Striga und Orobanche. PLITS 5(3), 95 pp.
Mohamed AH, G Ejeta, LG Butler & TL Housley 1998. Moisture content and dormancy in Striga asiatica seeds. Weed Research 38: 257–265.
Moore RP 1985. Handbook on tetrazolium testing. International Seed Testing Association, Zurich, Switzerland, 99 pp.
Moore RP 1986. ISTA Handbuch für die Tetrazoliumuntersuchung. Internationale Vereinigung für Saatgutprüfung, Zürich, Schweiz, 118 pp.
Literature
Botha PJ 1948. The parasitism of Alectra vogelii, with special reference to the germination of its seed. South African Journal of Botany 14: 63–80.
Dawoud DA 1995. Autecological studies on phytoparasites of the genera Alectra, Orobanche and Striga with special reference to their early developmental stages. PLITS 13(1), 112 pp.
Dawoud DA & J Sauerborn 1994. Impact of drought stress and temperature on Striga hermonthica and Alectra vogelii at early growth stages. Experimental Agriculture 30: 249–257.
Gaertner EE 1950. Studies of seed germination, seed identification, and host relationships in dodders, Cuscuta spp. Cornell University, Agricultural Experiment Station, Ithaca, New York, Memoir 294, 56 pp.
Johnson AW, G Rosebery & C Parker 1976. A novel approach to Striga and Orobanche control using synthetic stimulants. Weed Research 16: 223–227.
Kasasian L 1973. Miscellaneous observations on the biology of Orobanche crenata and O. aegyptiaca. In: Symposium on Parasitic Weeds. European Weed Research Council/ Royal University of Malta, 68–75.
Linke KH 1987. Untersuchungen liber Keimung und Jugendentwicklung von Striga und Orobanche. PLITS 5(3), 95pp.
Parker C & CR Riches 1993. Parasitic Weeds of the World - Biology and Control. CAB International, Wallingford, UK, 332 pp.
Zwanenburg B, GL Mhehe, GK ‘t Lam, FJ Dommerholt & AA Kishimba 1986. The search for new germination stimulants of Striga species. In: SJ ter Borg (ed.), Proceedings of a workshop on biology and control of Orobanche. LH/VPO, Wageningen, 35–41.
Visser JH, I Dorr & D Kollmann 1990. Compatibility of Alectra vogelii with different leguminous host species. Journal of Plant Physiology 135: 737–745.
Literature
Chang M, DH Netzly, LG Butler & DG Lynn 1986. Chemical regulation of distance: Characterisation of the first natural host germination stimulant for Striga asiatica. Journal of the American Chemistry Society 108: 7858–7860.
Doggett H 1988. Sorghum. 2nd edition, John Wiley, New York. 392–394.
Haussmann BIG, DE Hess, BVS Reddy, HG Welz & HH Geiger 1996a. Quantitativegenetic parameters for resistance to Striga hermonthica in sorghum. In: MT Moreno, JI Cubero, D Berner, D Joel, LJ Musselman & C Parker (eds.), Advances in Parasitic Plant Research. Proceedings of the 6th International Parasitic Weed Symposium, April 16–18, 1996, Cordoba, Spain. 681–688.
Hess DE, G Ejeta & LG Butler 1992. Selecting sorghum genotypes expressing a quantitative biosynthetic trait that confers resistance to Striga. Phytochemistry 31:493–497.
Netzly DH, JL Riopel, G Ejeta & LG Butler 1988. Germination stimulants of witchweed (Striga asiatica) from hydrophobic root exudate of sorghum (Sorghum bicolor). Weed Science 36: 441–446.
Okonkwo SNC & DN Okafor 1988. Stimulation of germination of seeds of root parasitic weeds by strigol analogues GR7 and GR24. In: SNC Okonkwo, 10 Akobundu & AO Ayeni (eds.), Proceedings of the 3rd Biennial Conference of the West African Weed Science Society, Ibadan, 31–41.
Parker C, AM Hitchcock & KV Ramaiah 1977. The germination of Striga species by crop root exudates; techniques for selecting resistant crop cultivars. In: Proceedings, Asian-Pacific Weed Science Society 6th Conference, Jakarta, 67–74.
Parker C & CR Riches 1993. Parasitic Weeds of the World: Biology and Control. CAB International, Wallingford, Oxon OX 10 8DE, UK, 1–74.
Ramaiah KV, VL Chidley & LR House 1990. Inheritance of Striga seed germination stimulant in sorghum. Euphytica 45: 33–38.
Vogler RK, G Ejeta & LG Butler 1991. Inheritance of low stimulation of Striga seed germination in sorghum cultivar SRN39. Agronomy Abstracts. Denver, CO, 120.
Worsham AD & GH Egley 1990. Physiology of witchweed seed dormancy and germination. In: Witchweed Research and Control in the United States, Monograph no. 5, Weed Science Society of America, Champaign, IL, 11–26.
Literature
Ashworth LJ 1976. Quantitative detection of seed of branched broomrape in California tomato soils. Plant Disease Reporter 60: 380–383.
Barralis G, R Chadoeuf & JP Gouet 1986. Essai de détermination de la taille de l’ échantillon pour l’ étude du potentiel semencier d’ un sol. Weed Research 26: 291–297.
Dessaint F 1991. La répartition spatiale du stock semencier: comparaison de techniques statistiques. Weed Research 31: 41–48.
Sauerborn J, G Wyrwal & KH Linke 1989. Soil sampling for broomrape seeds in naturally infested fields. In: K Wegmann & LJ Musselman (eds.), Progress in Orobanche research. Eberhard-Karls-Universität, Tübingen, Germany, 35–43.
Literature
Wilhelm S & LC Benson 1954. Vertical distribution of broomrape seed in tomato field soils. Plant Disease Reporter 38: 553–554.
Ashworth LJ 1976. Quantitative detection of seed of branched broomrape in California tomato soils. Plant Disease Reporter 60: 380–383.
Benz W, W Koch & A Moosmann 1984. Ein Extraktionsverfahren zur Bestimmung des Unkrautsamenpotentials in Böden. Zeitschrift für Pflanzenkrankheiten und Pflanzenschutz, Sonderheft 10: 109–114.
Eplee GH 1976. Determination of Striga seeds in soil. USDA witchweed laboratory, P.O. Box 269, Whiteville, North Carolina 28472.
Eplee RE & RG Norris 1990. Soil sampling collection equipment and equipment to separate seeds from soil. In: PF Sands, RE Eplee & RG Westbrooks (eds.), Witchweed Research and Control in the United States. Weed Science Society of America, Champaign, IL, 136–140.
Kachelriess S 1987. Estimation of Orobanche seeds in soil. FABIS Newsletter 19: 17–18.
Kachelriess S 1988. Methode zur Bestimmung von Orobanche-Samen im Boden. Zeitschrift für Pflanzenkrankheiten und Pflanzenschutz, Sonderheft 11: 55–60.
Ndungu D, GD Odhiambo & JK Ransom 1994. Methodology for quantifying Striga seed numbers in soils of East Africa. In: E Adipala, MA Dekunda, JS Tenywa, MW Ogenga-Latigo, & JO Mugah (eds.), Africa Crop Science Conference Proceedings Vol. 1:220–221.
Sauerborn J, G Wyrwal & KH Linke 1991. Soil sampling for broomrape seeds in naturally infested fields. In: K Wegmann & LJ Musselman (eds.), Progress in Orobanche Research. Eberhard-Karls-Universität, Tübingen, Germany, 35–43.
Tayler LR 1961. Aggregation, variance and the mean. Nature 189: 732–735.
Visser JH & LF Wentzel 1980. Quantitative estimation of Alectra and Striga seed in soil. Weed Research 20: 77–81.
Literature
Benz W, W Koch & A Moosmann 1984. Ein Extraktionsverfahren zur Bestimmung des Unkrautsamenpotentials in Böden. Zeitschrift für Pflanzenkrankheiten und Pflanzenschutz, Sonderheft 10: 109–114.
Berner DK, KF Cardwell, BO Faturoti, FO Ikie & OA Williams 1994. Relative roles of wind, crop seeds, and cattle in the dispersal of Striga species. Plant Disease 78: 402–406.
Jacobsohn R & R Marcus 1988: Quantitative determination of broomrape (Orobanche spp.) seeds in vetch seeds. Weed Research 28: 159–162.
Linke KH 1999. Status quo of Orobanche management: Preventive, cultural, and physical control. In: J Kroschel, M Abderabihi, H Betz (eds.), Advances in Parasitic Weed Control at On-farm Level. Vol. II. Joint Action to Control Orobanche in the WANA Region. Margraf Verlag, Weikersheim, Germany, 107–133.
Mack RN 1991. The commercial seed trade: an early disperser of weeds in the United States. Economic Botany 45: 257–273.
Literature
Eplee RE & RS Norris 1987. Field research techniques,. In: LJ Musselman (ed.), Parasitic Weeds in Agriculture, Vol. 1: Striga CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida, USA, 271–280.
Linke KH & MC Saxena 1991. Studies on the longevity of Orobanche crenata seeds in a lentil-wheat-barley rotation. Legume Program; research and training plans 1991/1992 season. ICARDA; Aleppo, Syria, 29–30.
Vasudeva Rao MJ 1985. Techniques for screening sorghums for resistance to Striga. ICRISAT Information Bulletin No. 20, Andhra Pradesh, India.
Van Hezewijk MJ, KH Linke, F Lopez- Granados, OA Al-Menoufi, L Garcia-Torres, JAC Verkleij & AH Pieterse 1994. Seasonal changes in germination response of buried seeds of Orobanche crenata. Weed Research 34(5): 369–376.
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 2001 Springer Science+Business Media Dordrecht
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Linke, K.H., Oswald, A., Ransom, J.K., Hess, D.D., Kachelriess, S., Kranz, B. (2001). Seed features, germination and seed bank. In: Kroschel, J. (eds) A Technical Manual for Parasitic Weed Research and Extension. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-010-0005-5_4
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-010-0005-5_4
Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht
Print ISBN: 978-1-4020-0645-6
Online ISBN: 978-94-010-0005-5
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive