Abstract
At the northernmost limit of Eurasia, in a semi-frozen landscape, a carpet of mosses and lichens, together with scattered and extremely stunted trees or shrubs, rests upon a soil permanently frozen at depth (permafrost, or locally tjaele)1. This landscape is given the name ‘tundra’, a word of Lapp origin. This biome occupies in total 8 million square kilometres, of which only a very small part belongs to Europe.
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Marcuzzi, G. (1979). The Tundra. In: European Ecosystems. Biogeographica, vol 15. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-9616-8_4
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-9616-8_4
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