Abstract
For a sample to be in thermal and radiative equilibrium with an environment at the same temperature, it is necessary for the amount of radiation absorbed from the environment to be equal to the amount emitted to the environment. This must be so in all directions and at all wavenumbers or wavelengths. This consideration is the basis of Kirchoff’s Law [1] which states that at a given temperature the absorptance, a, of a sample is equal to its emissivity,ɛ [2], The absorptance is the fractional absorption, and the emissivity the fractional emission, of the radiation that is characteristic of the temperature of the system. Such radiation is termed ‘blackbody’ radiation. It depends only on the temperature, and is independent of chemical composition etc. It follows from Kirchoff’s Law that a perfect absorber is a perfect emitter, and a selective absorber is a selective emitter at the same positions in the spectrum.
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Sheppard, N. (1980). The Use of Fourier Transform Methods for the Measurement of Infrared Emission Spectra. In: Durig, J.R. (eds) Analytical Applications of FT-IR to Molecular and Biological Systems. NATO Advanced Study Institutes Series, vol 57. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-9070-8_8
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-9070-8_8
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