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The Social Evolution of Indonesia

Part of the book series: Studies in Social History ((SISH,volume 5))

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Abstract

As we have seen in Chapter 9, the stagnation-prone factors by which a number of continuities were maintained were very strong. It was inevitable, however, that this should alter as factors evolved which were to intensify social contradictions, in spite of all the channelizing power still left in traditional structures and trends. As against Ben-da’s undue stress on the all too global aspects of continuity, Levine strongly emphasises the aspect of change although he presents it in a somewhat too elementary fashion.1 Therefore it is well-nigh impossible to fathom the correct influence of continuity and change in the overall historical process dealing with the slow development of social contrasts in Indonesia in all their reciprocal and yet contradictory facets. As we have seen in the preceding chapter, the influence of foreign capital in Indonesia,2 in spite of fluctuations and interruptions was, and is, a strong — if not the strongest — stagnatory factor. At the same time foreign capital is also capable of bringing about a most dynamic force: that of change, an element which foreign capital introduces inter alia through:

  1. 1.

    penetration of the money economy to the farthest parts of the interior;

  2. 2.

    development of the production and circulation of market commodities (this occurs from the local level up to and including the high level of integration into the world market processes, albeit with all their attendant fluctuations);

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References

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  1. Fritjof Tichelman
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© 1980 Martinus Nijhoff Publishers bv, The Hague

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Tichelman, F. (1980). Changes. In: The Social Evolution of Indonesia. Studies in Social History, vol 5. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-8896-5_11

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-8896-5_11

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