Abstract
The physicochemical and immunological factors in the vagina and cervix at the time of artificial insemination play an important role in sperm survival and transport into the uterus and oviduct. The vaginal secretions immobilize spermatozoa within one to two hours of insemination. The rapid elimination and immobilization of spermatozoa in the vagina make it essential for the rapid transport of sperm to a more favourable environment.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Ahlgren A: Number of spermatozoa in the ampulla of the human fallopian tube. World Cong Fertil Steril Tokyo, 1971.
Ahlgren M: Migration of spermatozoa to the fallopian tubes and the abdominal cavity in women including sonie immunological aspects, Lund: Student Literatur, 1969.
Bakker RD, Degen AA: Transport of live and dead boar spermatozoa within the reproductive tract of gilts. J Reprod Fertil 28: 369–377, 1978.
Boer CH de: Transport of particulate matter through the human female genital tract. J Reprod Fertil 28: 295–297, 1972.
Davajan V, Nakamura RM, Kharma K: Spermatozoan transport in cervical mucus. Obstet Gynecol Survey 25: 1–43, 1970.
Eliasson R, Posse N: The effect of prostaglandin on the nonpregnant human uterus in vivo. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand 39: 112–126, 1960.
Frenkel DA: Sperm migration and survival in the endometrial cavity. Int J Fertil 6: 285, 1961.
Hafez ESE: Scanning electron microscopy of the female reproductive tract. J Reprod Med 9: 119–122, 1972.
Hafez ESE: The comparative anatomy of the mammalian cervix. In: The biology of the cervix, Blandau RJ, Moghissi KS (eds), Chicago, University of Chicago Press, 1973a.
Hafez ESE: Gamete transport. In: Human reproduction: conception and contraception, Hafez ESE, Evans TN (eds), New York, Harper and Row, 1973b, p 85–118.
Hafez ESE: Sperm transport. In Progress in infertility, Behrman, SJ, Kistner RW (eds), Boston, Little, Brown, 1975.
Hafez ESE: Transport and survival of spermatozoa in the female reproductive tract. In: Human semen and fertility regulation in men, Hafez ESE (ed), St. Louis, Mosby, 1976.
Hafez ESE, Thibault C (eds): The biology of spermatozoa: maturation, transport andfertilizing ability, Basel, Karger, 1975.
Jaszczak S, Hafez ESE: Hormonal and generative functions of transplanted ovaries in the rabbit and monkey. Am J Obstet Gynecol 115–112, 1973.
Kellerman AS, Weed JC: Sperm Motility and survival in relation to glucose concentration: an in vitro study. Fertil Steril 21: 802–805, 1970.
Kremer J: Sperm penetration in cervical mucus, Fertility investigation thesis 24, Groningen, Van Denderen, 1968.
Masters WH, Johnson VE: Human sexual response, Boston, Little, Brown, 1966.
Moghissi KS: Sperm transport in the human cervix. In: Biology of the cervix Blandau RJ, Moghissi KS (eds), Springfield (Ill), Thomas, 1973.
Nicholson R: Vitality of spermatozoa in the endocervical canal. Fertil Steril 16: 758–764, 1965.
Odeblad E: The physics of the cervical mucus. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand 38 (suppl 1): 44, 1959.
Odeblad E: Micro-NMR in high permanent magnetic fields. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand 45 (suppl 2): 12, 1966.
Odeblad, E.: The functional structure of human cervical mucus. Acta Obstet Gynecol Scand 47 (suppl 1): 57, 1968.
Schumacher GFB: Biochemistry of cervical mucus. Fertil Steril 21: 697–705, 1970.
Schumacher GFB, Pearl MJ: Alphal antitrypsin in cervical mucus. Fertil Steril 19: 91–99, 1968.
Sobrero AJ: Sperm migration in the human female. In: Fertility and sterility; proceedings of the fifth world congress, Westin B, Wiqvist Njeds), Amsterdam, Excerpta Medica, 1967.
Sabrera Ai, MacLeod J: The immediate post-coital test. Fertil Steril 13: 184–189, 1962.
Tredway DR, Settlage DSF, Nakamura RM, Motoshima M, Umezaki CU, Mishell DR: Significance of timing for the postcoital evaluation of cervical mucus. Am J Obstet Gynecol 121: 387–393, 1975.
Wallace-Haagens MJ, Duffy Fr BJ, Holtrop JR: Recovery of spermatozoa from human vaginal washings. Fenil Steril 26: 175–179, 1975.
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1980 Martinus Nijhoff Publishers bv, The Hague
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Hafez, E.S.E. (1980). Physiology of Spermatozoa Inseminated in the Female Reproductive Tract. In: Emperaire, J.C., Audebert, A., Hafez, E.S.E. (eds) Homologous Artificial Insemination (AIH). Clinics in Andrology, vol 1. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-8817-0_2
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-8817-0_2
Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht
Print ISBN: 978-94-009-8819-4
Online ISBN: 978-94-009-8817-0
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive