Abstract
A large number of parameters and variables contribute to the control of heart and circulation. It has been argued since about half a century ago that some kind of optimal relationship contributes to the design as well as to the regulation of some of these magnitudes (1). Broemser (2) in 1935 was the first to propose that some optimal relationship exists between heart rate and stroke volume. One special aspect of optimal control in the circulation was found to be the time course of the ejection of blood from the left ventricle. The hypothesis that the ejection pattern follows such a function that the external energy loss per stroke is minimized is part of Broemser’s original problem. A solution of this problem was first given by Yamashiro et al. (3) and has been further developed by Kenner and Estelberger (4) and by Pfeiffer and Kenner (5). At the same time, Noldus (6) developed similar methods. In this study we will discuss a further improvement of the method of calculus of variations which appears important for any practical application of the method, such as comparison between model and measurement for the purpose of parameter estimation.
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References
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© 1980 Martinus Nijhoff Publishers bv, The Hague, Boston, London
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Kenner, T., Pfeiffer, K.P. (1980). Studies on the Optimal Matching between Heart and Arterial System. In: Baan, J., Arntzenius, A.C., Yellin, E.L. (eds) Cardiac Dynamics. Developments in Cardiovascular Medicine, vol 2. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-8796-8_25
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-8796-8_25
Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht
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