Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Nomenclature

  • Chapter
Book cover Large White Butterfly

Part of the book series: Series Entomologica ((SENT,volume 18))

  • 202 Accesses

Abstract

The Large White butterfly, the subject of this monograph, is an insect of the order Lepidoptera, within which it belongs to the suborder Ditrysia. Placed with the true butterflies in the superfamily Papilionoidea, the Large White is the “typical” species of the family Pieridae, a group mostly comprising the familiar whites (Pierinae) and sulphurs (Coliadinae). The technical or “scientific” name of the Large White is Pieris brassicae (Linnaeus, 1758).

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 39.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 54.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References cited

  • Ackery, P.R., 1975. A new pierine genus and species with notes on the genus Tatochila (Lepidoptera: Pieridae). Bull. Allyn Mus. (30): 9 pp., 1 pl.

    Google Scholar 

  • Adkin, R., 1918. The abundance of white butterflies in 1917. Entomologist 51: 36–39, 56–59.

    Google Scholar 

  • Albin, E., 1720. A natural history of British insects. Vol. 1. Printed for the author, London.

    Google Scholar 

  • Altena, C.O. van R., 1949. Macrolepidoptera collected in Tenerife and La Palma in the spring of 1947. Tijdschr. Ent. 91: 12–22.

    Google Scholar 

  • Barrett, C.G., 1893. The Lepidoptera of the British Isles. I. Rhopalocera. Reeve & Co., London.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bell, S.J., 1907–8. Minutes of December 18th and January 17th, 1908, Entomologist 40: 43

    Google Scholar 

  • Bell, S.J., 1907–8. Minutes of December 18th and January 17th, 1908, Entomologist 41: 70.

    Google Scholar 

  • Berge, F., 1842. Schmetterlingsbuch. Naturgeschichte der Schmetterlinge. Hoffmann, Stuttgart.

    Google Scholar 

  • Berliner Entomologische Gesellschaft, 1919. Sitzungberichte vom 30. Januar 1917. Int. Ent. Z., 13: 17–18.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bernardi, G., 1947. Révision de la classification des espèces holoarctique des genres Pieris Schr, et Pontia Fabr. Miscnea ent. 44: 65–79.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bernardi, G., 1958. Taxonomie et zoogéographie de Talbotia naganum Moore (Lepidoptera, Pieridae). Revue fr. Ent. 11: 420–431.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bertolini, F., 1927. Biology and histology investigation on Pieris brassicae. (In Italian.) Redia 16: 29–39.

    Google Scholar 

  • Blandford, W.F.H., 1897. Report of meeting, November 17th, 1897. Entomologist 30: 324.

    Google Scholar 

  • Blunck, H., 1950. Contribution to knowledge of fluctuations in numbers of P. brassicae with special reference to drought year 1947. Z. angew. Ent. 32: 141–171.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bodenheimer, F.S., 1935. Animal Life in Palestine. L. Mayer, Jerusalem.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bombyx Atlas, 1852. On the difference between Pieris (Pontia) brassicae and Pieris chariclea, the Large Cabbage White Butterfly by Bombyx Atlas (B.R.M.). Naturalist2: 178–180.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bradley, R., 1718. New improvements of planting and gardening both philosophical and practical, explaining the motion of the sapp and generation of plants. Part 3. Mears, London.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bramwell, J.M., 1866. Black specimens of Pieris brassicae and P. rapae. Entomologist 4: 258–259.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bretherton, R.F., 1954. A week’s butterfly collecting on Cyprus. Entomologist 87: 207–211.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bright, P.M., 1942. Sale of Bright Collection. Entomologist’s mon. Mag. 78: 44–45.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bull, G.V., 1940. Late emergence or extra broods. Entomologist 73: 277.

    Google Scholar 

  • Butler, A.G., 1870. A review of the genera of the sub family Pierinae. Cistula Ent. 1: 33–58.

    Google Scholar 

  • Butler, A.G., 1886. Description of a hitherto unnamed butterfly from Madeira. Ann. Mag. nat. Hist. (5) 17: 430.

    Google Scholar 

  • Carter, J.W., 1913. Exhibit. Entomologist’s mon. Mag. 49: 40.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cabeau, B.M., 1924–1925. Aberrations des Lépidoptères. Revue mens. Soc. ent. Namur. 24: 17–18, 25, 34–35, 50, 66–67

    Google Scholar 

  • Cabeau, B.M., 1924–1925. Aberrations des Lépidoptères. Revue mens. Soc. ent. Namur. 25: 38.

    Google Scholar 

  • Caruel, M., 1954. Pieris brassicae with ab. n. infratrinotata. Revue fr. Lep. 14: 147–153, 261–264.

    Google Scholar 

  • Chalmers-Hunt, J.H., 1960. Lepidoptera of Kent. Entomologist’s Rec. J. Var. 72: 18–19.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cockayne, E.A., 1948. Sale of Rev. J.N. Marcon’s collection of British Butterflies. Entomologist’s mon. Mag. 84: 93.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cockerell, T.D.A., 1889. On the variation of insects. Entomologist 22: 54–56.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cockerell, T.D.A., 1923. The lepidoptera of the Madeira Islands. Entomologist 56: 243–247.

    Google Scholar 

  • Crabtree, B.H., 1947. Sale of the Crabtree collection. Entomologist 80: 151–152. (Article written by W. Rait-Smith.)

    Google Scholar 

  • Cretschmar, M., 1920. Besprechung über die Farbe der Puppen der Pieris brassicae und die Schutzfarbung. Int. ent. Z. 14: 125–127.

    Google Scholar 

  • Crotch, G.R., 1872. On the generic nomenclature of lepidoptera. Cistula ent. 1: 59–71, 91–92.

    Google Scholar 

  • Curtis, J., 1824. British Entomology 5: pl. 48. The author, London.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dalman, J.W., 1816. Forsök till systematisk Uppstallning af Sveriges Fjarilar. K. svenska Vetenskad. 33: 48–100, 199–225.

    Google Scholar 

  • Day, F.M., 1915. Late larvae of Pieris brassicae. Entomologist’s mon. Mag. 608: 19.

    Google Scholar 

  • Doubleday, E., 1844. List of specimens of Lepidoperous insects in the collection of the British Museum. Part 1. p. 32. British Museum, London.

    Google Scholar 

  • Drosihn, K.J., 1933. Über Art-und Rassenunterschiede der männlichen Kopulationsapparate von Pieriden (Lep.). Ent. Rdsch. (suppl.) 50: 135 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dufrane, A., 1912a. A propos de Tab. Plasschaerti Dufrane de Pieris brassicae L. Lambillionea 3040–3042.

    Google Scholar 

  • Dufrane, A., 1912b. Piérides de Belgique. Revue mens. Soc. ent. Namur. 12: 23–25.

    Google Scholar 

  • Eastwood, J.E., 1940. A curious form of Pieris brassicae. Entomologist 73: 115.

    Google Scholar 

  • Eckstein, K., 1921. Die Schmetterlinge. Pestalozzi, Wiesbaden.

    Google Scholar 

  • Fabricius, E., 1807. Die neueste Gattungs-Eintheilung der Schmetterlinge aus den Linneischen Gattungen Papilio und Sphinx. Magazin für Insektenkunde Mag. 6: 277–295.

    Google Scholar 

  • Farn, A., 1922. The Farn collection of British Lepidoptera. Entomologist 45: 91–93.

    Google Scholar 

  • Fernández, J.M., 1970. Les Lépidoptères diurnos de las Islas Canarias. Enciclopedia Canaria, Anlade Cultura Tenerife.

    Google Scholar 

  • Feltwell, J.S.E. & Rothschild, M., 1974. The carotenoids of 38 species of lepidoptera. J. Zool. Lond. 174: 441–465.

    Google Scholar 

  • Fischer, E., 1925. Alte und neue Formen der Pieris brassicae. Int. ent. Z. 19: 66–68.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ford, E.B., 1945. Butterflies. Collins, London.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ford, E.B., 1975. Butterflies. Collins, The Fontana New Naturalist Series.

    Google Scholar 

  • Fritsch, W., 1913. Lepidopterologische Beobachtungen. Wärmebedürfnis der Tagfalter. Ent. Rdsch. 30: 46–47.

    Google Scholar 

  • Frohawk, F.W., 1914. A natural history of British Butterflies. Hutchinson & Co., London.

    Google Scholar 

  • Frohawk, F.W. 1921. Pieris rapae gynandrous abberation. Entomologist 54: 201.

    Google Scholar 

  • Frohawk, F.W. 1934. British Butterflies. Ward, Lock & Co., London & Melbourne.

    Google Scholar 

  • Frohawk, F.W. 1938. Varieties of British Butterflies. Ward, Lock & Co., London.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gardiner, B.O.C., 1957. The annual exhibition, 29th Oct. 1955. Proc. & Trans. S. Lond. ent. nat. hist. Soc. 1955. p. 40.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gardiner, B.O.C. 1962. An albino form of Pieris brassicae L. (Lep: Pieridae) Ent. Gaz. 13: 97–100.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gardiner, B.O.C. 1963. Genetic and environmental variation oï Pieris brassicae. J. Res. Lepid. 2: 127–136.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gardiner, B.O.C. 1965. Hybrids between typical Pieris brassicae L. and race cheiranthi Hueb. Proc. 12th Int. Congr. Ent. 1964, 261.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gardiner, B.O.C. 1973. Gynadromorphs in Pieris brassicae L. J. Res. Lepid. 11: 129–140.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gardiner, B.O.C. 1974a. An unusual aberration of Pieris brassicae (L.) Ent. Gaz. 25: 186.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gardiner, B.O.C. 1974b. Pieris brassicae L. established in Chile; another palaearctic pest crosses the Atlantic (Pieridae). J. Lepid. Soc. 28: 269–277.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gardiner, B.O.C. 1979. A revision of variation in Pieris brassicae (L.) (Lep: Pieridae). Proc. Brit. ent. nat. hist. Soc. 12: 24–26.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gélin, H., 1914. Note sur quelques formes de Lycènes et de Piérides de la faune française. Bull. Soc. ent. Fr. 6: 183–187.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gepp, J. & Stark, W., 1974. Ökologie und Zoogeographie der bekannten Pieridae der Griechenland. Ber. Arb. Ökol. ent. Graz 4: 1–5.

    Google Scholar 

  • Graham-Smith, G.S. & Graham-Smith, W., 1930. Pieris brassicae L. with special reference to aberrations from Aberdeenshire. Entomologist’s Rec. J. Var. 41: 157–161, 173–180

    Google Scholar 

  • Gray, G.R., 1846. Lepidopterous insects chiefly from Nepal. Longman, Brown, Green and Longman, London.

    Google Scholar 

  • Greer, T., 1922. Lepidoptera in E. Tyrone, 1922. Entomologist 55: 258–259.

    Google Scholar 

  • Harmsen, R., 1964. Genetically controlled variation in pteridine content of P. brassicae L. Nature, Lond. 204: 1111.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hemming, F., 1933. On the types of certain butterfly genera. Entomologist 66: 196–200.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hemming, F. 1934a. Notes on nine genera of butterflies. Entomologist 67: 37–38.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hemming, F. 1934b. Generic names of Holarctic butterflies. I. 1758–1863. British Museum (Natural History), London.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hemming, F. 1967. Generic names of the Butterflies and their type species. Bull. Brit. Mus. Nat. Hist., Ento., Supplement 9. pp. 362–363.

    Google Scholar 

  • Higgins, L.G., 1975. The classification of European butterflies. I. 1758–1863. British Museum (Natural History), London.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hodgson, S.B., 1933. Rhopalocera of the Mullet Peninsula, Co. Mayo. Entomologist 66: 134–135.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hübner, J., 1806–1826. Sammlung exotischer Schmetterlinge. I: vi. 213 pls. Augsburg.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hübner, J., 1820. Verzeichnis bekannter Schmetterlinge, p. 93 Augsburg.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hübner, J., 1924. Nachträge zur Sammlung europäischer Schmetterlinge. Augsburg.

    Google Scholar 

  • Jachontov, A.A., 1903. An aberration of Pieris brassicae L. (Lep: Pieridae) (in Russian). Russk. ent. Obozr. 3: 38.

    Google Scholar 

  • John, K., 1922. Neue Lepidopteren-Formen. Ent. Z. 36: 33–34.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kane, W.J. de V., 1893. A catalogue of the lepidoptera of Ireland. Entomologist 26: 117–121.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kawazoé, A. & Wakabayashi, M., 1976. Coloured illustrations of the butterflies of Japan (in Japanese), viii, 422 pp. Hoikusha Publishing Co., Osaka.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kiefer, H., 1918. Eine neue Form von Pieris brassicae L. Z. Österr. ent. Ver. 3: 122–123.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kirby, W.F., 1856. Introductions to entomology of elements of the natural history of insects. Longmans, London.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kluk, K., 1802. Zwierzat donowych i dzikich osobliwie kraiowych. Rozdzial 4. O. Owadzie Motylowym (Lepidoptera). Zwierz. Hist. nat. pocz. gospod. 79–111.

    Google Scholar 

  • Knop, T., 1923. Pieris brassicae L. ♀ ab. Rammei nov. ab. (Note). Ent. Z. 36: 68.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kraut, W., 1938. Pieris brassicae L. at. ocellata loberi: Kraut ab. nova. Ent. Z. 51: 353.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kroulikovsky, L., 1902. Small notes on lepidoptera IV (in Russian). Russk. ent. Obozr. 2: 22.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ksenžopolǐskij, A.V., 1911. Ges. erf. Wolhyniens 8.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ksenžopolǐskij, A.V., 1912. Die Rhopaloceren von Südwest-Russland. Trudy Obsc. izsl. Volyni Zitomir 8: 1–76.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kudrna, O., 1973. On the status of Pieris cheiranthi Hübner (Lep: Pieridae). Ent. Gaz. 24: 299–304.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kudrna, O., 1974. Artogeia Verity, 1947. Gen. rev. for Papilio napi Linnaeus (Lep: Pieridae). Ent. Gaz. 25: 9–12.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lagnel, M., 1966. Note sur l’armure genitale mâle et femelle du sous genre Pieris Schrank. Bull. Soc. ent. Fr. 71: 91–94.

    Google Scholar 

  • Larsen, T.B., 1974. The Butterflies of the Lebanon. C.N.R.S., Lebanon.

    Google Scholar 

  • Latreille, P.A., 1810. Considérations générales sur Vordre natural des animaux. 444 pp. F. Schoell, Paris, pp. 440, 351.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lempke, B.J., 1936. Catologus der Nederlandsche macrolepidoptera, Ent. Ber. 79: 238–315.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lempke, B.J., 1953. Catologus der Nederlandsche macrolepidoptera. Ent. Ber. 14: 239–305.

    Google Scholar 

  • Li, C-L., 1962. Results of the zoological-botanical expedition to south west China, 1955–1957. (Lepidoptera: Rhopalocera) (in Chinese). Acta ent. sinica 11: 172–198.

    Google Scholar 

  • Linnaeus, C., 1746. Fauna Svecica. Edition I. p. 244. Stockholmiae.

    Google Scholar 

  • Linnaeus, C., 1758. Systema Nature. 1. Regnum Animale. Edition 10. 824 pp. p. 467. Holmiae.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lisney, A.A., 1940. New records for Irish lepidoptera. Entomologist 73: 123–129.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lister, J.J., 1917. Note on the influence of temperature on the development of pigmentation in Pieris rapae L. Entomologist 50: 241–244.

    Google Scholar 

  • McLeod, L., 1968. A new aberration of Pieris brassicae (Linnaeus). Lepidoptera: Pieridae. Entomologist’s Rec. J. Var. 80: 127–129.

    Google Scholar 

  • Marsh, N. & Rothschild, M., 1974. Aposematic and cryptic lepidoptera tested on the mouse. J. Zool. Lond. 174: 89–122.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mathew, G.F., 1892. Abundance of the larvae of Pieris brassicae. Entomologist 25: 287.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mathew, G.F., 1898. Notes on lepidoptera from the Mediterranean. Entomologist 31: 77–84.

    Google Scholar 

  • Merrett, C., 1667. Pinax rerum naturalium Britannicarum, continens vegetabilia, animalia et Fossilia, in hac Insula reperta Inchoatus. Pulleyn, London.

    Google Scholar 

  • Moore, F., 1882. 1. List of the Lepidoptera collected by the Rev. J.H. Hocking, chiefly in the Kangra District, N.W. Himalayas; with descriptions of new genera and species. Proc. zool. Soc. Lond. Part 1. 234–262.

    Google Scholar 

  • Morris, C.E., 1922. Colias edusa migration in Cannes district. Entomologist 55: 35–36.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mosley, S.L., 1889. Variation of Pieris brassicae. Entomologist 22: 112.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mosley, S.L., 1896. An illustrated catalogue of varieties of British Lepidoptera. Nat. J. 3rd. suppl. 5: 1–28.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mosley, S.L., 1903. Pieris brassicae. Entomologist’s Rec. J. Var. 15: 167.

    Google Scholar 

  • Müller, E., 1925. Eine neue Form der Pieris brassicae L. Notiz. Int. ent. Z. 18: (46) 277.

    Google Scholar 

  • Neave, S.A., 1927. Proceedings of the Entomological Society. Entomologist 60: 22–23.

    Google Scholar 

  • Newman, L.H., 1917. Note on Pieris brassicae L. Trans, ent. Soc. Lond. p. 13.

    Google Scholar 

  • Newman, L.H., 1942. Note. Entomologist 75: 76.

    Google Scholar 

  • Newman, L.W. & Leeds, H.A., 1913. Text book of British Butterflies & Moths. Gibbs & Bamforth, St. Albans, pp. 216.

    Google Scholar 

  • Nicholson, C, 1939. Larvae of Pieris brassicae (?) in December. Entomologist 72: 111.

    Google Scholar 

  • Nordman, A.F., 1935. Verzeichnis der von Richard Frey und Ragnar Storå auf den Kanarischen Inseln gesammelten Lepidopteren. Commental. biol. 5: 1–20.

    Google Scholar 

  • Oberthur, C., 1896. Études d’entomologie de la variation chez les Lépidoptères. Étude d’entomol. 20: 1–74.

    Google Scholar 

  • Oberthur, C., 1914. Les Lépidoptères de la Californie. Étude de lépidopt. Comp. 9: 73–89.

    Google Scholar 

  • Oken, L., 1815. Okens Lehrbuch der Naturgeschichte III Zoologie (1), xxviii + 842 pp.+iv, 40 pls. Leipzig & Jena.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ormerod, E.A., 1882. Notes and observations on injurious insects during 1882. Simpkin Marshall, London.

    Google Scholar 

  • Oxford English Dictionary, 1933. Clarendon Press, Oxford. Vol. 1.

    Google Scholar 

  • Oxford University Entomological Society, 1858. Accentuated list of the British Lepidoptera. J. van Voorst, London.

    Google Scholar 

  • Petersen, B., 1947. Die Geographische Variation einiger Fennoskandischer Lepidopteren. Zool. Bidr. Upps. 26: 329–531.

    Google Scholar 

  • Petiver, J., 1695. Rariora Naturae, Londini.

    Google Scholar 

  • Petiver, J., 1717. Papilionum Brittaniae. Petiver, London.

    Google Scholar 

  • Pictet, A., 1922. Recherches sur l’hibernation de Pieris brassicae à l’état de chenille. Bull. Soc. lépidopt. Genève 5: 47–57.

    Google Scholar 

  • Pionneau, P., 1924. Nouveautés lépidoptérologiques pour la faune girondine avec la description de deux formes nouvelles. Misc. Ent. 27: 57–58.

    Google Scholar 

  • Pionneau, P., 1928. Sur quelques Rhopalocères Paléarctique. L’Exchange 44: 3–4.

    Google Scholar 

  • Plant, J., 1847. Note on a singular variety of the large cabbage white. Zoologist 1: 471.

    Google Scholar 

  • Pol, P.H. & Ponsen, M.B., 1963. Pathologische verschijnselen bij vlinders van Pieris brassicae L. verband houdende met een granula (virus) infectie van rupsen. Ent. Ber., Amst. 23: 106–108.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rait-Smith, W.R-S., 1930. The CF. Johnson Collection. Entomologist 63: 90–93.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rait-Smith, W.R-S., 1938. The Bright Collection. Entomologist 71: 187–190.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rait-Smith, W.R-S., 1943. The sale of the Stiff, Leeds, Joy and others collection. Entomologist 76: 126–128.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rait-Smith, W.R-S., 1944a. Sale of the Whitehouse collection; first portion. Entomologist 77: 43–46.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rait-Smith, W.R-S., 1944b. Sale of the Whitehouse collection; second portion. Entomologist 77: 93–96.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rait-Smith, W.R-S., 1947. The sale of the B.H. Smith collection. Entomologist 80: 197–199.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ray, J., 1710. Historia Insectorum. p. 114.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rebel, H., 1917. Siebenter Beitrag zur Lepidopterenfauna der Kanaren. Annl. natur. Mus. Wien 31: 1–62.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rees, A., 1819. Cyclopaedia or Universal dictionary of arts, sciences and literature. Vol. 26. Longmans, Hurst, Rees, Orm, Brown, London.

    Google Scholar 

  • Riley, N.D., 1925. Seasonal variation in butterflies. Proc. S. Lond. ent. nat. Hist. Soc. 63–81.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rober, J., 1896. Neue Schmetterlinge aus dem cilicischen Taurus. Ent. Nachr. 22; 81–88.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rober, J., 1907. Pieridae. In Seitz, A. Die Gross-Schmetterlinge der Erde. Section i, Vol. 1: pp. 39–74.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rocci, U., 1919. Osservazioni sui Lepidotteri di Liguria. Atti. Soc. Ligui Sei. nat. 19: 1–44.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rocci, U., 1930. Sulla forma autumnale in Lombardia, di Mancipium brassicae L. (Lep.). Boll. Soc. ent. ital. 62: 15–17.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rocci, U., 1933. Lepidotteri di Liguria. Mem. Soc. ent. ital. 8: 90–97.

    Google Scholar 

  • Russwurm, A.D.A., 1978. Aberrations of British Butterflies. E.W. Classey, Faringdon. pp. 151.

    Google Scholar 

  • Schmidt-Koehl, W., 1971. Zur Rhopalocerenfauna der Kanareninsel Teneriffa (Insecta: Lepidoptera). Mitt. ent. Ges. Basel 21: 29–91.

    Google Scholar 

  • Schrank, F. von P., 1801. Fauna Boica2: viii + 374 pp. J.W. Krull, Ingolstadt p. 152.

    Google Scholar 

  • Schurian, K., 1975. Notizen an Pieris cheiranthi (Lepidoptera: Pieridae). Ent. Z. Frank. a.M. 85: 252–256.

    Google Scholar 

  • Scudder, S.H., 1875. Historical sketch of the generic names proposed for butterflies. Proc. Am. Acad. Arts Sci. 10: 91–293.

    Google Scholar 

  • Seitz, A., 1901. Macrolepidoptera of the World. 1: 45.

    Google Scholar 

  • Seitz, A., 1929–1932. The Macrolepidoptera of the World. The Palaearctic Butterflies. Supplement. Alfred Kernen Verlag, Stuttgart.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sevastopulo, D.C., 1924. Notes on the lepidoptera of St. Germain, Seine and Oise. Entomologist 57: 113–116.

    Google Scholar 

  • Shapiro, A.M., 1978. The life history of Reliquia santamarta, a neotropical alpine pierine butterfly (Lepidoptera: Pieridae). Jl N. Y. ent. Soc. 86: 45–50.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sheldon, W.G., 1922. Notes on the lepidoptera of the Assynt District of Sutherland. Entomologist 55: 30–35.

    Google Scholar 

  • Soenen, A., 1947. Lijst der Voornaamste Vijanden in Land en Tuinbouw.

    Google Scholar 

  • South, R., 1891. On the distribution in eastern asia of certain species of lepidoptera occurring in Britain. Entomologist 24: 81–86.

    Google Scholar 

  • South, R., 1936. Butterflies of the British Isles. Warne, London.

    Google Scholar 

  • SLENHS, 1902. Meeting Nov. 28th 1901. Entomologist 35: 49–51.

    Google Scholar 

  • SLENHS, 1909. Meeting July 22nd 1909. Entomologist 42: 262.

    Google Scholar 

  • SLENHS, 1915. Meeting May 13th 1915. Entomologist 48: 174.

    Google Scholar 

  • SLENHS, 1916. Meeting Nov. 25th 1915. Entomologist 49: 42–44.

    Google Scholar 

  • SLENHS, 1921. Meeting Feb. 10th. Entomologist 54: 1–152.

    Google Scholar 

  • SLENHS, 1932. Minutes. Entomologist 65: 191–192.

    Google Scholar 

  • Stauder, H., 1921. Neues aus Unteritalien. Dt. ent. Z. Iris 35: 26–31.

    Google Scholar 

  • Staudinger, O., 1901. In Staudinger, O. & Rebel, H., Catalogus der Lepidopteren des palaearctischen Faunengebebietes. (1), xxxii + 411 pp. Friedländer & Son, Berlin.

    Google Scholar 

  • Stephens, J.F., 1827–8. Illustrations of British Entomology. Haustellata. Vol. 1. Baldwin & Cradock, London. 152 pp. 12 pl.

    Google Scholar 

  • Talbot, G., 1939. Butterflies. 2nd Edition. In Blandford, W.T. Fauna of British India. Vol. 1. xxxix + 600pp. 3 pls., 1 map.

    Google Scholar 

  • Thomas, L, Janson, H.W. & Aitken, A.D., 1968. Common names of British insects and other pests. Minist. Agric. Fish. Fd. 6: iv, 72 pp.

    Google Scholar 

  • Tubbs, R., 1978. The breeding of butterflies with special reference to the genetics of aberrational forms. Proc. Trans. Brit. Ent. nat. Hist. Soc. 11: 77–87.

    Google Scholar 

  • Turati, E., 1924. Spedizione lepidotterologica in Cirenaica 1921–1922. Atti. Soc. ital. di Storia Nat. 63: 21–191, 6 pls.

    Google Scholar 

  • Turati, E., 1925. Missione Zoologica del Dr.E. Festa in Cirenaica: Lepidotteri. Boll. Mus. di Zool. ed Anat. comp, délia R. Univ. Torino 39: 1–9.

    Google Scholar 

  • Turati, E., 1929: Lepidotteri. Archo. zool. ital. 13: 179–186, pl. 27; pl. 1. fig. 3.

    Google Scholar 

  • Turati, E., 1936. Contributi alia fauna Cirenaica. Mém. Soc. ent. ital. 15: 55–77.

    Google Scholar 

  • Turner, H.J., 1920. The butterflies of Cyprus. Trans, ent. Soc. Lond. 1920: 170–207.

    Google Scholar 

  • Turner, H.J., 1925. Societies. Entomologist 58: 172–174.

    Google Scholar 

  • Turton, W., 1802. A general system of nature, animal kingdom 3: insects (2), frontispiece + 376 pp. Lackington, Allen & Co., London.

    Google Scholar 

  • Tykac, J., 1947. Pieris brassicae L. gen. aest. lepidii Rob. ab. obenbergeri n. ab. (Lep: Pieridae). Čas. csl. Spol. ent. 44: 119–120.

    Google Scholar 

  • Van Mellaerts, I., 1926. Aberrations de Lépidoptères. Lambillionea 1: 82–84.

    Google Scholar 

  • Verity, R., 1908 (1905–1911). Rhopalocera Palaearctica. Iconographie et description des papillons diurnes de la region palaéarctic Rhopalocera. 2 vols. Florence.

    Google Scholar 

  • Verity, R., 1913. Revision of the Linnaean types of Palaearctic Rhopalocera. J. Linn. Soc. Lond. 32: 173–191.

    Google Scholar 

  • Verity, R., 1916. British races of butterflies; relationships and nomenclature. Entomologist’s Rec. J. Var. 28: 97–102.

    Google Scholar 

  • Verity, R., 1919. Seasonal polymorphism and races of some European Grypocera. Entomologist’s Rec. J. Var. 31: 87–89.

    Google Scholar 

  • Verity, R., (in Verity, R. & Querci, O.) 1923–4. Races and seasonal polymorphism in the Grypocera and of the Rhopalocera of Peninsular Italy. Entomologist’s Rec. J. 35 (suppl.): 1–20

    Google Scholar 

  • Verity, R., (in Verity, R. & Querci, O.) 1923–4. Races and seasonal polymorphism in the Grypocera and of the Rhopalocera of Peninsular Italy. Entomologist’s Rec. J. 36: (suppl.): 21–44.

    Google Scholar 

  • Verity, R., 1947. Revision of Italian Pieridae. Diurne farfalle ducre d’ltalia 3: 111–307.

    Google Scholar 

  • Walcourt, de H., de B., 1920. Présence d’un point noir dans l’espace compris e tre les nervures 3 et 4 du dessus des ailes postérieures chez les mâles de nos trois Pierides communes. Rev. Mens. Soc. ent. Namur. 20: 15.

    Google Scholar 

  • Webb, S., 1889. Pieris brassicae with veins of wings green. Entomologist 22: 138.

    Google Scholar 

  • Weizmantel, V., 1900. Rovart. Lap. 7: 175.

    Google Scholar 

  • Williams, H., 1893. Meeting July 13th 1893. Entomologist 26: 254.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wood, G.L., 1972. The Guinness Book of Animal Facts and Feats. Guinness Superlatives Limited, Enfield.

    Google Scholar 

  • Wood, T.W., 1867. Remarks on the colouration of chrysalides. Proc. ent. Soc. Lond. 99–101.

    Google Scholar 

  • Youden, G.H., 1975. Larvae of P. brassicae L. at Christmas. Entomologist’s Rec. J. Var. 87: 92.

    Google Scholar 

  • Zeller, P.C., 1847. Bemerkungen über die auf einer Reise nach Italien und Sicilien beobachteten Schmetterlingsgarten. Isis von Okai, Leipzig.

    Google Scholar 

Further references

  • Ashby, E.B., 1933. Trans. 5th Int. Cong. Ent. 2: 65–78 (“var. chariclea”).

    Google Scholar 

  • Bell, S.J., 1909. Entomologist 42: 21 (ab. with narrow black hind-wing border).

    Google Scholar 

  • Bender, R., 1963. Z. Wien Ent. Ver. 48: 11–20 (catoleuca, verna on Rhodes).

    Google Scholar 

  • Benson, R.B., 1923. Entomologist 56: 238 (imago (female) with larval head).

    Google Scholar 

  • Bernardi, G., Herbulot, C. & Picard, J., 1951. Rev. Fr. lep. 11: 420–431 (brassicae as separate sub-genus from Artogeia rapae, napi).

    Google Scholar 

  • Bernardi, G., 1958. Rev. Fr. ent. 25: 125–128 (nepalensis).

    Google Scholar 

  • Bramwell, J.M., 1869. Entomologist 4: 258 (black specimens).

    Google Scholar 

  • Carpenter, G., 1906–7. Proc. Trans. S. Lond. ent. nat. Hist. Soc. 90 (ab. with distal spot connected to apical patch).

    Google Scholar 

  • Claret, J., 1973. Archs. Zool. exp. gén. 114: 271–275 (mutant with melanisation of veins).

    Google Scholar 

  • Cockerell, T.D.A., 1912. Entomologist 45: 322–323 (ab. obscurata, nigrescens).

    Google Scholar 

  • D’Auriol, G.L., 1917. Archs. Sci. Phys. 44: 32–47 (vars. in Jura).

    Google Scholar 

  • ESL (Entomological Society of London), 1902. Entomologist 35: 47–49 (greenish underwings).

    Google Scholar 

  • Fischer, E., 1952. Bull. Soc. ent. Mulhouse 1952: 5–8 (pierids of France and Palaearctic).

    Google Scholar 

  • Goodson, A.L., 1960. Entomologist 93: 146–149 (imago with larval head).

    Google Scholar 

  • Gregson, C.S., 1872–3. Entomologist 6: 286–288 (ab. with bright emerald green on underside).

    Google Scholar 

  • Hemming, F., 1934a. Generic names of Holarctic Butterflies I. 1758–1863. British Museum, London.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hemming, F., 1934b. Entomologist 67: 49–53 (list of British Butterflies revised).

    Google Scholar 

  • Hemming, F., 1956. Bull. zool. Nom. 12: 291–306 (proposal to validate “Pieridae” as opposed to “Pierididae”).

    Google Scholar 

  • Heslop, I.R.P., 1964. Revised Indexed check list of British Butterflies. Library edition, Burnham on Sea.

    Google Scholar 

  • Jones, H.P., 1918. Entomologist 51: 248–252 (minor aberrations of butterflies).

    Google Scholar 

  • Kaucki, T.F., 1929. Polskie Pismo ent. 7: 180–199 (“ab.” wollastoni in Madeira).

    Google Scholar 

  • Kimber, D.J., 1945. Entomologist 78: 107 (ab. with sulphur yellow ground colour, wingtips with dark chocolate brown).

    Google Scholar 

  • Krzywicki, M., 1962. Klucze do oznacznia owadow Polski 27: (65–66): 45 pp. (key to pierids).

    Google Scholar 

  • Lancashire & Cheshire Entomological Society, 1892. Entomologist’s Rec. J. Var. 3: 43–48 (proposal that P. brassicae is in same genus as P. rapae and P. napi).

    Google Scholar 

  • Lancashire & Cheshire Entomological Society, 1933. Entomologist 66: 69–70 (dumb-bell form exhibited).

    Google Scholar 

  • Mousley, H., 1903. Entomologist’s Rec. J. Var. 15: 167 (male with black mark).

    Google Scholar 

  • Newman, L.H., 1917. Trans, ent. Soc. Lond. 1916 (aberration).

    Google Scholar 

  • Oudemans, J.Th., 1905. Tijdschr. Ent. 48: 1–21 (aberration).

    Google Scholar 

  • Pickett, C.P., 1903. Entomologist’s Rec. J. Var. 15: 190 (ab. with small black spot).

    Google Scholar 

  • Powall, J., 1872–73. Entomologist 6: 315 (ab. with green colouration).

    Google Scholar 

  • Reuss, F.A.T., 1935. Int. ent. Z. 29: 331 (conspicua-spinosa, inconspicua-spinosa).

    Google Scholar 

  • South London Entomological and Natural History Society (SLENHS), 1907. Entomologist 40: 18–20 (variation with discal spots united).

    Google Scholar 

  • South London Entomological and Natural History Society (SLENHS), 1917. Entomologist 51: 23, 46, 116–117 (many aberrations exhibited).

    Google Scholar 

  • South London Entomological and Natural History Society (SLENHS), 1918a. Entomologist’s mon. Mag. 54: 41, 42, 66, 186–187 (paper read on variation in pierids).

    Google Scholar 

  • South London Entomological and Natural History Society (SLENHS), 1918b. Entomologist 51: 190–191 (black spot on fore-wing).

    Google Scholar 

  • South London Entomological and Natural History Society (SLENHS), 1919. Entomologist 53: 69–71 (green specimen).

    Google Scholar 

  • South London Entomological and Natural History Society (SLENHS), 1921. Entomologist 54: 1–152, 78–79 (several abs. exhibited).

    Google Scholar 

  • South London Entomological and Natural History Society (SLENHS), 1940. Entomologist 53: 140–141 (aberration exhibited).

    Google Scholar 

  • South London Entomological and Natural History Society (SLENHS), 1949. Entomologist 82: 214 (black aberration exhibited).

    Google Scholar 

  • South London Entomological and Natural History Society (SLENHS), 1952. Entomologist’s mon. Mag. 88: 25 (dwarf exhibited).

    Google Scholar 

  • Stauder, H., 1921. Z. wiss. Insekteneb. 16: 151 (ab. pseudocatoleuca).

    Google Scholar 

  • Stauder, H., 1921. Dt. ent. Z. Iris 35: 26–27 (ab. italorum).

    Google Scholar 

  • Strand, E., 1909. Int. ent. Z. 3: 78–79 (catoleuca in Asia Minor).

    Google Scholar 

  • Weisman, A., 1882. Studies on the theory of Descent. Sampson, Low, Marston, Searle & Rivington, London (pierids and seasonal dimorphism).

    Google Scholar 

  • Wheeler, G., 1916. Entomologist’s mon. Mag. 52: 119 (abs. with pink colouration).

    Google Scholar 

  • Wilde, H., 1957. Ent. Z. 67: 257–258 (specimen with heavy black scales).

    Google Scholar 

  • Woodforde, F.C., 1920. Entomologist 53: 152–157 (generation of small imagines).

    Google Scholar 

  • Wynne, A.S.B.F.P., 1944. Entomologist 11: 60 (deformed imago).

    Google Scholar 

  • Yorkshire Naturalists Union and Entomological Society, 1917. Entomologist’s mon. Mag. 53: 20 (small male and large female).

    Google Scholar 

  • Ziegler, I., 1961. Adv. Genet. 10: 349 (P. b. cheiranthi — pteridine pigmentation).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Radiophysics, British Museum (Natural History), London, UK

    J. S. E. Feitwell & R. I. Vane-Wright

Authors
  1. J. S. E. Feitwell
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. R. I. Vane-Wright
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1982 Dr W. Junk Publishers, The Hague

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Feitwell, J.S.E., Vane-Wright, R.I. (1982). Nomenclature. In: Large White Butterfly. Series Entomologica, vol 18. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-8638-1_1

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-8638-1_1

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht

  • Print ISBN: 978-94-009-8640-4

  • Online ISBN: 978-94-009-8638-1

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation