Abstract
Our Sun is a run-of-the-mill star, having no obvious extremes of stellar properties. For this reason it is perhaps more, rather than less, interesting as an astrophysical object, for its sameness to other stars suggests that in studying the Sun, we are studying at close hand common, rather than unusual stellar phenomena. Conversely, comparative study of the Sun and other solar-type stars is an invaluable tool for solar physics, for two reasons: First, it allows us to explore how solar properties and phenomena depend on parameters we cannot vary on the Sun—most fundamentally, rotation rate and mass. Second, study of solar-like stars of different ages allows us to see how stellar and solar phenomena depend on age; study of other stars may be one of the best ways to infer the earlier history of the Sun, as well as its future history. In this review we shall concentrate on phenomena common to the Sun and solar-type (main sequence) stars with different fundamental properties such as mass, age, and rotation.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.
Buying options
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Learn about institutional subscriptionsPreview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Athay, R.G., and White, O.R.: 1978, “Chromospheric and Coronal Heating by Sound Waves,” Astrophys. J., 226, p. 1135.
Athay, R.G, and White, O.R.: 1979, “Chromospheric Oscillations Observed with OSO-8. IV. Power and Phase Spectra for C IV,” Astrophys. J., 229, 1147.
Babcock, H.W., and Babcock, H.D.: 1955, “The Sun’s Magnetic Field 1952–1954,” Astrophys. J., 121, p. 349.
Blanco, C., Catalano, S., Marelli, E., and Rodono, M.: 1974, “Absolute Fluxes of K Chromospheric Emission in MS Stars,” Astron. Astrophys., 33, p. 257.
Bumba, V., Ranzinger, P., and Suda, J.: 1973, Bull. Astr. Inst. Czech., 24, p. 22.
Bumba, V., and Howard, R.: 1965, “The Development of Active Regions on the Sun,” Astrophys. J., 141, p. 1492.
Demarque, P.: 1980, private communications.
Deubner, F.-L., Ulrich, R.K., and Rhodes, E.J., Jr.: 1979, “Solar P-Mode Oscillations as a Tracer of Radial Differential Rotation,” Astron. Astrophys., 72, p. 177.
Durney, B.R., and Latour, J.: 1978, “On the Angular Momentum Loss of Late-Type Stars,” Geophys. Astrophys. Fluid Dyn., 9, p. 241.
Eddy, J.A.: 1976, “The Maunder Minimum,” Science, 192, p. 1189.
Eddy, J.A., Gilman, P.A., and Trotter, D.E.: 1976, “Solar Rotation During the Maunder Minimum,” Solar Phys., 346, p. 3.
Fossat, E.: 1981, “Solar and Stellar Oscillations,” these Proceedings.
Fossat, E.: 1981, these Proceedings.
Foukal, P., and Vernazza, J.: 1979, “The Effect of Magnetic Fields on Solar Luminosity,” Astrophys. J., 234, p. 707.
Frazier, E.N.: 1970, “Multichannel Magnetograph Observations,” Solar Phys., 14, p. 89.
Gershberg, R.E.: 1975, “Flares of Red Dwarf Stars and Solar Activity,” IAU Symposium No. 67, p. 47.
Gibson, D.M.: 1981, “Stellar Analogs of Solar Microwave Phenomena,” these proceedings.
Golub, L., Davis, J.M., and Krieger, A.S.: 1979, “Anticorrelation of X-ray Bright Points with Sunspot Number, 1970–1978,” Astrophys. J., 229, p. L145.
Habbal, S., Leer, E., and Holzer, T.: 1979, “Heating of Coronal Loops by Fast Mode MHD Waves,” Solar Phys., 64, p. 287.
Hall, D.S.: 1981, “The RS CVn Binaries,” these Proceedings.
Hartmann, L., Londono, C., and Phillips, M.J., 229, p. 183.: 1979, “On the Long-term Variability of the K2e Star HD 224085,” Astrophys. J.
Hartmann, L., and Rosner, R.: 1979, “Stellar Luminosity Stability: Luminosity Variations and Light-curve Period Changes in BY Dra Stars,” Astrophys. J., 230, p. 802.
Hartmann, LH.: 1981a, “Stellar Spots — Physical Implications”, these Proceedings.
Hartmann, L.H.: 1981b, “Observations and Theory of Mass Loss in Late-type Stars,” these Proceedings.
Hollweg, J.V.: 1981, “Solar Active Regions: Mechanisms of Energy Supply” in Active Regions, Orrall, F.A., ed., Univ. of Colorado Press, in press.
Holt, S.S., White, N.E., Becker, R.H., Boldt, E.A., Mushotzsky, R.F., Seriemitsos, P.J., and Smith, B.W.: 1979, “X-Ray Line Emission from Capella,” Astrophys. J. 234, p. L65.
Hood, A. and Priest, E., “Solar Flares: MHD Instabilities,” these Proceedings.
Ionson, J.: 1978, “Alfvenic Surface Waves and the Heating of Coronal Loops,” Astrophys. J., 226, p. 650.
Kraft, R.P.: 1967, “Dependence of Rotation on Age Among Main Sequence Stars,” Astrophys. J., 150, p. 551.
Landini, M., and Monsignori-Fossi, B.C.: 1975, “A Loop Model of Active Coronal Regions,” Astron. Astrophys., 42, p. 213.
Leighton, R.B.: 1959, “Observations of Solar Magnetic Fields in Plage Regions,” Astrophys. J., 130, p. 366.
Levine, R.H., and Withbroe, G.L., “Physics of an Active Region Loop System,” Solar Phys., 51, p. 83.
Mochnacki, S.W.: 1980, “Magnetic Braking of Stars. I. Did the Sun Ever Rotate Rapidly?” Preprint.
Mullan, D.J.: 1973, “Sunspots, Supergranules, and the Depth of the Solar Convection Zone,” Astrophys. J., 186, p. 1059.
Newkirk, G., Jr.: 1980, “Solar Variability in Timescales of 105 Years to 4 × 109 Years,” Proc. Conf. on the Ancient Sun, Pergamon Press, in press.
Parker, E.N.: 1979, Cosmic Magnetic Fields: Their Origin and Their Activity, Clarendon Press, Oxford, England.
Parker, E.N.: 1981, “Spontaneous Concentration of Magnetic Fields,” these Proceedings.
Perrin, M.-N., Hejlesen, P.M., Cayrel de Strobel, G., and Cayrel, R.: 1977, “Fine Structure of the HR Diagram in the Solar Neighborhood,” Astron. Astrophys., 54, p. 779.
Ramsey, L.W., and Nations, H.L.: 1980, “HR 1099 and the Starspot Hypothesis,” Astrophys. J., 239, L121.
Reasenberg, R.D., and Shapiro, I.I.: 1978, “Possible Measurements of J20 with a Solar Probe,” in A Closeup of the Sun, JPL Pub. No. 19.
Robinson, R.D., Jr.: 1980, “Magnetic Field Measurements on Stellar Sources: A New Method,” Astrophys. J., 239, p. 961.
Robinson, R.D., Worden, S.P., and Harvey, J.W.: 1980, “Observations of Magnetic Fields on Two Late-Type Stars,” Astrophys. J., 236, p. L155.
Rosner, R., Golub, L., Coppi, B., and Vaiana, G.S.: 1978, “Heating of Coronal Plasma by Anomalous Current Dissipation,” Astrophys. J., 222, p. 317.
Rosner, R., Tucker, W.H., and Vaiana, G.S.: 1978, “Dynamics of the Quiescent Solar Corona,” Astrophys. J., 220, p. 643.
Roxburgh, I.W.: 1976, “The Internal Structure of the Sun and Solar-type Stars,” in IAU Symposium No. 71, Basic Mechanisms of Solar Activity, Reidel, Dordrecht, p. 453.
Roxburgh, I.W.: 1978, “The Importance of Determining the Solar Quadrupole Moment,” in A Closeup of the Sun, JPL Pub. No. 11.
Rucinski, S.M.: 1979, “Sizes of Spots in Spotted Stars,” Acta Astron., 29, p. 203.
Selinger, J.: 1980, private communication.
Severny, A., Wilcox, J.M., Sherer, P.H., and Colburn, D.S.: 1970, “Comparison of the Mean Photospheric Magnetic Field and the Interplanetary Field,” Solar Phys., 15, p. 3.
Sheeley, N.R.: 1967, “The Average Profile of the Solar K Line During the Sunspot Cycle,” Astrophys. J., 147, p. 1106.
Skumanich, A.: 1972, “Timescales for Ca II Emission Decay, Rotational Braking, and Li Depletion,” Astrophys. J., 171, p.565.
Skumanich, A., Smythe, C, and Frazier, E.N.: 1975, “Multichannel Observations of the Ca II Emission Network,” Astrophys. J., 20, p. 747.
Smith, M.A.: 1979, “Rotational Studies of Lower MS Stars,” P.A.S.P., 91, p. 737.
Stenflo, J.O.: 1976, “Small-scale Solar Magnetic Fields,” in IAU Symposium No. 71, Basic Mechanisms of Solar Activity, Reidel, Dordrecht, p. 69.
Tucker, W.H.: 1973, “Heating of Solar Active Regions by Magnetic Energy Dissipation,” Astrophys. J., 186, p. 285.
Vaiana, G.S., and Rosner, R.: 1978, “Recent Advances in Coronal Physics,” Ann. Rev. Astr. Astrophys., 16, p. 393.
Vaiana, G.S., et al.: 1980, “Results from an Extensive Einstein Stellar Survey,” Astrophys. J., in press.
Vaughan, A.: 1980, “Comparison of Activity Cycles in Old and Young Main Sequence Stars,” P.A.S.P., 92, p. 392.
Vaughan, A., and Preston, G.W.: 1980, “A Survey of Chromospheric Ca II H and K Emission in Field Stars of the Solar Neighborhood,” P.A.S.P., 92, p. 385.
Vogt, S.S.: 1975, “Light and Color Variations of the Flare Star BY Draconis,” Astrophys. J., 199, p. 418.
Walter, F.M., Cash, W., Charles, P.A., and Bowyer, CS.: 1980, “X-Rays from RS CVn Systems: A HEAO I Survey and a Coronal Model,” Astrophys. J., 236, p. 212.
Weber, E.J., and Davis, L., Jr.: 1967, “The Angular Momentum of the Solar Wind,” Astrophys. J., 148, p. 217.
Wentzel, D.G.: 1978, “Heating of the Solar Corona: A New Outlook,” Rev. Geophys. Spa. Phys., 16, p. 757.
White, O.R., and Livingston, W.: 1980, Astrophys. J., in press.
Wilson, O.C.: 1966, “Stellar Chromospheres,” Science, 151, p. 1487.
Wilson, O.C.: 1968, “Flux Measures of the Center of Stellar H and K Lines,” Astrophys. J., 153, p. 221.
Wilson, O.C.: 1978, “Chromospheric Variations in Main Sequence Stars,” Astrophys. J., 226, p. 379.
Withbroe, G.L.: 1981, “Physics of Static Loop Structures and Scaling Laws,” in Active Regions, Orrall, F.Q., ed., University College Press, in press.
Zirker, J.B.: 1981, “Coronal Holes and Solar Mass Loss,” these Proceedings.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1981 D. Reidel Publishing Company
About this paper
Cite this paper
Noyes, R.W. (1981). The Sun as a Star: Solar Phenomena and Stellar Applications. In: Bonnet, R.M., Dupree, A.K. (eds) Solar Phenomena in Stars and Stellar Systems. NATO Advanced Study Institutes Series, vol 68. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-8479-0_1
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-8479-0_1
Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht
Print ISBN: 978-94-009-8481-3
Online ISBN: 978-94-009-8479-0
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive