Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Mucosal Immunity

  • Chapter
The Mucosal Immune System

Part of the book series: Current Topics in Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science ((CTVM,volume 12))

Abstract

In the last two decades considerable attention has been focussed on immune mechanisms of mucosal tissues. Perhaps this is not surprising since mucosal surfaces are intimately associated with potentially pathogenic organisms and continuous antigenic bombardment with products of the environment and dietary antigens. Because of the size of the subject, we will only discuss selected components of the mucosal immune system and will focus on the intestine since more is known about this organ in respect to mucosal immunity. For a more extensive treatment, readers are referred elsewhere (Tomasi and Bienenstock, 1968; Tomasi and Grey, 1972; Heremans, 1974; Ciba Symposium 46, 1977; Asquith, 1979; Bienenstock and Befus, 1980).

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 39.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 54.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  • Abraham, R., Fabian, R.J., Goldberg, L. and Coulston, F., 1974. Role of lysosomes in carrageenian-induced cecal ulceration. Gastroenterology 67, 1169.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Abrahamson, D.R., Powers, A. and Rodewald, R., 1979. Intestinal absorption of immune complexes by neonatal rats: a route of antigen transfer from mother to young. Science 206, 657.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Amsden, A., Ewan, V., Yoshida, T. and Cohen, S., 1978. Studies on cellular receptors for lymphokines. I. Interaction of chemotactic factors with monosaccharides. J. Immunol. 120, 542.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • André, C., Heremans, J.F., Vaerman, J.P. and Cambiaso, C.L., 1975. A mechanism for the induction of immunologica tolerance by antigen feeding: antigen-antibody complexes. J. Exp. Med. 142, 1509.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Arnaud-Battandier, F., Bundy, B.M., O’Neill, M.,Bienenstock, J. and Nelson, D.L., 1978. Cytotoxic activities of gut mucosal lymphoid cells in guinea pigs. J. Immunol. 121, 1059.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Asherson, G.L., Zembela, M., Perera, M., Mayhew, B. and Thomas, W.R., 1977. Production of immunity and unresponsiveness in the mouse by feeding contact sensitizing agents and the role of suppressor cells in the Peyer’s patches, mesenteric lymph nodes and other lymphoid tissues. Cell Immunol. 33, 145.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Asquith, P., 1979. Immunology of the Gastrointestinal Tract. Churchill Livingston, London. 348 pp

    Google Scholar 

  • Baba T., Yoshida, T., Yoshida, T. and Cohen, S., 1979. Suppression of cell-mediated immune reactions by monosaccharides. J. Immunol., 122, 838.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bienenstock, J., 1974. The physiology of the local immune response and the gastrointestinal tract. In: Progress in Immunology II. vol. 4. (eds. L. Brent & J. Holborow ). North-Holland Publishing. p 197.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bienenstock, J.and Befus, A.D., 1980. Mucosal immunology. Immunology (in press)

    Google Scholar 

  • Bienenstock, J., Clancy, R.L. and Perey, D.Y.E., 1976. Bronchus associated lymphoid tissue (BALI): its relationship to mucosal immunity. In: Immunologic and Infectious Reactions in the Lung (eds. C.H. Kirkpatrick and H.Y. Reynolds ). Marcel Dekker Inc., New York. p 29.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bienenstock, J., Johnston, N. and Perey, D.Y.E., 1973a. Bronchial lymphoid tissue. I. Morphologic characteristics. Lab. Invest. 28, 686.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bienenstock, J., Johnston, N. and Perey, D.Y.E., 1973b. Bronchial lymphoid tissue. II. Functional characteristics. Lab. Invest. 28, 693.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bienenstock, J. and Poortmans, J., 1970. γA in exercise proteinuria. Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med. 134, 138.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bounous, G. and Kongshavn, P.A.L., 1978. The effect of dietary amino acids on immune reactivity. Immunology 35, 257.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Challacombe, S., Krco, C.J., David, C.S. and Tomasi, T.B., 1980. Defective antigen presentation by adherent Ia positive Peyer’s patch cells. (submitted for publication )

    Google Scholar 

  • Chandra, R.K., 1980. Mucosal immunity in nutritional deficiency. In: Mucosal Immune System in Health and Disease. Proceedings of the 81st Ross Conference on Pediatric Research. (In press)

    Google Scholar 

  • Ciba Foundation Symposium 46, 1977. Immunology of the Gut (eds. R. Porter and J. Knight). Elsevier, Excerpta Medica, Amsterdam.

    Google Scholar 

  • Clancy, R.L., and Pucci, A., 1978. Absence of K cells in human gut mucosa. Gut 19, 273

    Google Scholar 

  • Coelho, I.M., Pereira, M.T. and Virella, G., 1974. Analytical study of salivary immunoglobulins in multiple myeloma. Clin. Exp. Immunol. 17, 417.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Cook, P.M. and Olson, G.F., 1979. Ingested mineral fibers: elimination in human urine. Science 204, 194.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Colten, H.R. and Bienenstock, J., 1974. Lack of C3 activation through classical or alternate pathways by human secretory IgA anti blood group A antibody. In: The Immunologlobulin A System (eds. J. Mestecky and A.R. Lawton ). Plenum Publishing, New York. p 305.

    Google Scholar 

  • Cook, P.M. and Olson, G.F., 1979. Ingested mineral fibers: elimination in human urine. Science 204, 194.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Craig, S.,W. and Cebra, J.J., 1971. Peyer’s patches: an enriched source of precursors for IgA-producing immunocytes in the rabbit. J. Exp. Med. 134, 188.

    Google Scholar 

  • Darlington, D. and Rogers, A.W., 1966. Epithelial lymphocytes in the small intestine of the mouse. J. Anat. 100, 813.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Fazekas de St. Groth and Donnelly, M., 1950. Studies in experimental immunology of influenza: enhancement of immunity by pathotopic vaccination. Austr. J. Exp. Biol. 28, 77.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ferguson, A., 1977. Intraepithelial lymphocytes of the small intestine. Gut 18, 921.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ferguson, A. and Macdonald, T.T., 1977. Effects of local delayed hypersensitivity on the small intestine. In: Immunology of the Gut. Elsevier North-Holland. p 305.

    Google Scholar 

  • Fiocchi, C., Battisto, J.R. and Farmer, R.G., 1979. Gut mucosal lymphocytes in inflammatory bowel disease: isolation and preliminary functional characteristics. Dig. Dis. Sci. 24, 705.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Fraker, P.J., Depasquale-Jardieu, P., Zwickl, C.M. and Luecke, R.W., 1978. Regeneration of T-cell helper function in zinc-deficient adult mice. Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. 75, 5660.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Gearhard, P.J. and Cebra, J.J., 1979. Differentiated B lymphocytes: potential to express particular antibody variable and constant regions depends on site of lymphoid tissue and antigen load. J. Exp. Med. 149, 216.

    Google Scholar 

  • Goodacre, R., Davidson, R., Singal, D. and Bienenstock, J., 1979.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gerbrandy, J.L.F. and Bienenstock, J., 1976. Kinetics and localization of IgE tetanus antibody response in mice immunized by the intratracheal, intraperitoneal and subcutaneous routes. Immunology 31, 913.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Goldblum, R.M., Ahlstedt, S., Carlsson, B., Hanson, L.A., Jodal, V., Lidin-Janson, G. and Sohl-Ã…kerlund, A., 1975. Antibody-forming cells in human colostrum after oral immunization. ‘Nature 257, 797.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Goodacre, R., Davidson, R., Singal, D. and Bienenstock, J., 1979.

    Google Scholar 

  • Morphologic and functional characteristics of human intestinal lymphoid cells isolated by a mechanical technique. Gastroenterology 76, 300.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gowans, J.L. and Knight, E.J., 1964. The route of re-circulation of lymphocytes in the rat. Proc. Roy. Soc. Ser. B. Biol. Sci., 159, 257.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Guy-Grand, D., Griscelli, C. and Vassali, P., 1978. The mouse gut T lymphocyte, a novel type of T cell. Nature, origin and traffic in mice in normal and graft-versus-host conditions. J. Exp. Med. 148, 1661.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Guy-Grand, D., Griscelli, C. and Vassalli, P., 1974. The gut-associated lymphoid system: nature and properties of the large dividing cells. Eur. J. Immunol. 4, 435.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Hall, J.G. and Smith, M.E., 1970. Homing of lymph-borne immunoblasts to the gut. Nature 226, 262.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Halsey, J.F., Johnson, B.H. and Cebra, J.J., Cebra. Transport of immunoglobulins from serum into colostrum. J. Exp. Med. 151, 767.

    Google Scholar 

  • Halsey, J.R. and Benjamin, D.C., 1976. Induction of immunologic tolerance in bursing neonates by absorption of tolerogen from colostrum. J. Immunol. 116, 1204.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ham, A.W., 1969. In: Histology by A.W. Ham. Lippincott Co., Philadelphia. p 313.

    Google Scholar 

  • Hanson, D.G., Vaz, N.M., Rawlings, L.A. and Lynch, J.M., 1979. Inhibition Hanson, D.G., Vaz, N.M., Rawlings, L.A. and Lynch, J.M., 1979. Inhibition of specific immune responses by feeding protein antigens. H. Effects of prior passive and active immunization. J. Immunol. 122, 2261.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Harris, J.G., Dupont, H.L. and Hornick, R.B., 1972. Fecal leukocytes in diarrheal illness. Ann. Intern. Med. 76, 697.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Heatley, R.V. and Bienenstock, J., 1980. Lymphocytes in the lumen of the rabbit. appendix. (Submitted for publication)

    Google Scholar 

  • Heremans, J.G., 1974. Immunoglobulin A. In: The Antigens vol. II.(ed. M. Sela). Academic Press, New York. p 365

    Google Scholar 

  • Hoerlein, A.B., 1957. The influence of colostrum on antibody response in baby pigs. J. Immunol. 78, 112.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Jacobson, L.O., Marks, E.K., Simmons, E.L. and Gaston, E.O., 1961. Immune response in irradiated mice with Peyer’s patch shielding. Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med. 108, 487.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Jarrett, E.E.E. and Hall, E., 1979. Selective suppression of IgE antibody responsiveness by maternal influence. Nature 280, 145.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kagnoff, M.F., 1978. Effects of antigen-feeding on intestinal and systemic immune responses. I. Priming of precursor cytotoxic T cells by antigen feeding. J. Immunol. 120, 395.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kagnoff, M.F. and Campbell, S., 1974. Functional characteristics of Peyer’s patch lymphoid cells. I. Induction of humoral antibody and cell mediated allograft reactions. J. Exp. Med. 139, 398.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Keren, D.F., Holt, P.S., Collins, H.H., Gemski, P. and Formal, S.B., 1978. The role of Peyer’s patches in the local immune response of rabbit ileum to live bacteria. J. Immunol. 120, 1892.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Kiyono, H., McGhee, J.R., and Michalek, S.M., 1980. Lipopolysaccharide regulation of the immune response: comparison of responses to LPS in germfree Escherichia Coli - monoassociated and conventional mice. J. Immunol. 124, 36.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Lawton, A.R., R., R. and Mage, R.G., 1970. Synthesis of secretory IgA in the rabbit. 3. Interaction of colostral IgA fragments with T chain. J. Immunol. 104, 397.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lemaitre-Coelho, I., Jackson, G.D.F. and Vaerman, J.P., 1978. High levels of secretory IgA and free secretory component in the serum of rats with bile duct obstruction. J. Exp. Med. 147, 934.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Macpherson, G.G. and Steer, H.W., 1979. Properties of mononuclear phagocytes derived from the small intestinal wall of rats. In: Function and Structure of the Immune System (eds. W. MullerBucholtz and H.K. Muller-Hermelink ). Plenum Press, New York. p 433.

    Google Scholar 

  • Marsh, M.N., 1975. Studies of intestinal lymphoid tissue. I. Electron microscopic evidence of ‘blast transformation’ in epithelial lymphocytes of mouse small intestinal mucosa. Gut 16, 665.

    Google Scholar 

  • Matthew, D.J., Taylor, B., Norman, A.P., Turner, M.W. and Soothill, J.F., 1977. Prevention of Eczema. Lancet 1, 321.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mattingly, J.A., Eardley, D.D., Kemp, J.D. and Gershon, R.K., 1979. Induction of suppressor cells in rat spleen: influence of microbial stimulation. J. Immunol. 122, 787.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mattingly, J.A. and Waksman, B.H., 1978. Immunologic suppression after oral administration of antigen. I. Specific suppressor cells formed in rat Peyer’s patches after oral administration of sheep erythrocytes and their systemic migration. J. Immunol. 121, 1878.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • McDermott, M.R. and Bienenstock, J., 1979. Evidence for a common mucosal immunologic system. I. Migration of B immunoblasts into intestinal, respiratory and genital tissues. J. Immunol, 122, 1892.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • McDermott, M.R., Bienenstock, J., Mark, D.A. and Suskind, R., 1980. Depressed intestinal localization of mucosal lymphoblasts during vitamin A and protein calorie deficiency. (In preparation)

    Google Scholar 

  • McGhee, J.R., Kiyono, H., Michalek, S.M., Babb, J.L., Rosenstreich, D.L. and Mergenhagen, S.E., 1980. Lipopolysaccharide ( LPS) regulation of the immune response: T lymphocytes from normal mice suppress mitogenic and immunogenic responses to LPS. J. Immunol. 124, 1603.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mestecky, J., Crago, S.S., Laven, G.T. and McGhee, J.R., 1980. Immunoglobulin-containing cells and non-cellular elements of human colostrum. In: Mucosal Immune System in Health and Disease. Proceedings of the 81st Ross Conference on Pediatric Research (In press)

    Google Scholar 

  • Miller, H.R.P. and Nawa, Y., 1979. NippostrongyZus brasiliensis: intestinal goblet-cell response in adoptively immunized rats. Exp. Parasit47,81.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Montgomery, P.C., Khaleel, S.A., Goudswaard, J. and Virella, G., 1977. Selective transport of an oligomeric IgA into canine saliva. Immunol. Commun. 6, 633.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Mulks, M.H. and Plaut, A.G., 1978. IgA protease production as a characteristic distinguishing pathogenic from harmless neisseriaceae. N. Engl. J. Med. 299, 973.

    Google Scholar 

  • Nagura H., Brandtzaeg, P., Nakane, P.K. and Brown, W.R., 1979. Ultrastructural localization of J chain in human intestinal mucosa. J. Immunol. 123, 1004.

    Google Scholar 

  • Ngan, J. and Kind, L.S., 1978. Suppressor T cells for IgE and IgG in Peyer’s patches of mice made tolerant by the oral administration of ovalbumin. J. Immunol. 120, 861.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Orlans, E., Peppard, J., Reynolds, J. and Hall, J., 1978. Rapid active transport of immunoglobulin A from blood to bile. J. Exp. Med. 147, 588.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Owen, R.L., 1977. Sequential uptake of horseradish peroxidase by lymphoid follicle epithelium of Peyer’s patches in the normal unobstructed mouse intestine: an ultrastructural study. Gastroenterology 72, 440.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Owen, R.L., Nenamic, P.C. and Stevens, D.P., 1979. Ultrastructural observations on giardiasis in a murine model. I. Intestinal distribution attachment and relationship to the immune system of Giardia munis. Gastroenterology 76, 757.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Parker, D. and Turk, J.L., 1978. Delay in the development of the allergic response to metals following intratracheal instillation. Int. Arch. Allergy Appl. Immunol., 57, 289.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Perey, D.Y.E., Cooper, M.D. and Good. R.A., 1968. The mammalian homologue of the avian bursa. I. Neonatal extirpation of Peyer’s patch-type lymphoepithelial tissues in rabbits. Method and inhibition of development of humoral immunity. Surgery 64, 614.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Perrotto, J.L., Hang, L.M., Isselbacher, K.J. and Warren, K.S., 1974. Systemic cecular hypersensitivity induced by an intestinally absorbed antigen. J. Exp. Med., 140, 296.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Pierce, N.J. and Koster, F.T., 1980. Priming and suppression of the intestinal immune response to cholera toxoid-toxin by parenteral toxoid in rats. J. Immunol., 124, 307.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Pittard, W.B. and Bill, K., 1979. Immunoregulation by breast milk cells. Cell Immunol., 42, 437.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rose, M.L., Parrott, D.M.V. and Bruce, R.G., 1976. Migration of lymphoblasts to the small intestine. II. Divergent migration of mesenteric and peripheral immunoblasts to sites of inflammation in the mouse. Cell Immunol. 27, 36.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Roux, M.E., McWilliams, M., Lamm, M.E. and Phillips-Quagliata, J.M., 1979. Site of maturation of IgA plasma cell precursors. Fed. Proc., 38, 1081.

    Google Scholar 

  • Roux, M.E., McWilliams, M., Phillips-Quagliata, J.M., Weisz-Carrington, P. and Lamm, M.E., 1977. Origin of IgA-secreting plasma cells in the mammary gland. J. Exp. Med. 146, 1311.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Rudzik, O. and Bienenstock, J., 1974. Isolation and characteristics of gut mucosal lymphocytes. Lab. Invest., 30, 260.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rudzik, O., Clancy, R.L., Perey, D.Y.E., Day, R.P. and Bienenstock, J., 1975. Repopulation with IgA-containing cells of bronchial and intestinal lamina propria after the transfer of homologous Peyer’s patch and bronchial lymphocytes. J. Immunol., 114, 1599.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Seelig, L.L., Holt, R.G. and Beer, A.E., 1979. Cell kinetics and transepithelial migration of leukocytes in rat mammary epithelium during pregnancy and lactation. In: Immunology of Breast Milk (eds. P.L. Ogra and D. Dayton ). Raven Press, New York. p 159.

    Google Scholar 

  • Singal, D.P., O’Neill, M., Clancy, R. and Bienenstock, J., 1976.Functional T cells in rabbits gut mucosal lymphocytes. Gut 17, 325.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Socken, D.J., Jeejeebhoy, K.N., Bazin, H. and Underdown, B.J., 1979. Identification of secretory component as an IgA receptor on rat hepatocytes. J. Exp. Med. 50, 1538.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Socken, D.J. and Underdown, B.J., 1978. Comparison of human, bovine and rabbit secretory component-immunoglobulin interactions. Immunochemistry 15, 499.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Sprent, J., 1976. Fate of H2-activated T lymphocytes in syngeneic hosts. I. Fate in lymphoid tissue and intestines traced with 3H-thymidine, 125I-Deoxyuridine and 51Chromium. Cell Immunol., 21, 278.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Stokes, C.R., Swarbrick, E.T. and Soothill, J.F., 1980. Immune elimination and enhanced antibody responses: functions of circulating IgA Immunology 40, 455.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Swarbrick, E.T., Stokes, C.R. and Soothill, J.F., 1979. Absorption of antigens after oral immunization and the simultaneous induction of specific systemic tolerance. Gut 20, 121.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Tada, T. and Ishizaka, K., 1970. Distribution of gamma E-forming cells in lymphoid tissues of the human and monkey. J. Immunol., 104, 377.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Tenner-Racz, K., Racz, P., Myrvik, Q.N., Ockers, J.R. and Geister, R., 1979. Uptake and transport of horseradish peroxidase by lymphoepithelium of the bronchial associated lymphoid tissue in normal and bacillus Calmette-Guérin-immunized and challenged rabbits. Lab. Invest. 41, 106.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Thomas, H.C. and Parrott, D.M.V., 1974. The induction of tolerance to a soluble protein antigen by oral administration. Immunology 27, 631.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Tomasi, T.B. and Bienenstock, J., 1968. Secretory immunoglobulins. In: Advances in Immunology vol. 9. Academic Press, New York. p 1.

    Google Scholar 

  • Tomasi, T.B. and Grey, H.M., 1972. Structure and function of immunoglobulin A. Progr. Allergy 16, 81.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Underdown, B.J., Knight, A. and Papsin, F.R., 1976. Relative paucity of IgE in human milk. J. Immunol., 116, 1435.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Van Epps, D.E., Reed, K. and Williams, R.C., 1978. Suppression of human PMN bactericidal activity by human IgA paraproteins. Cell Immunol., 36, 363.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Walker, W.A. and Isselbacher, K.J., 1977. Intestinal antibodies. N. Engl. J. Med., 297, 767.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Weisz-Carrington, P., Roux, M.E., McWilliams, M., Phillips-Quagliata, J.M. and Lamm, M.E., 1979. Organ and isotype distribution of plasma cells producing specific antibody after oral immunization: evidence for a generalized secretory immune system. J. Immunol., 123, 1705.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. McMaster University Health Sciences Centre, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada, L8N 3Z5

    J. Bienenstock, A. D. Befus & M. McDermott

Authors
  1. J. Bienenstock
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. A. D. Befus
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. M. McDermott
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Animal Husbandry, Langford House, Langford, Bristol, UK

    F. J. Bourne

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1981 ECSC, EEC, EAEC, Brussels-Luxembourg

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Bienenstock, J., Befus, A.D., McDermott, M. (1981). Mucosal Immunity. In: Bourne, F.J. (eds) The Mucosal Immune System. Current Topics in Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, vol 12. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-8331-1_2

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-8331-1_2

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht

  • Print ISBN: 978-94-009-8333-5

  • Online ISBN: 978-94-009-8331-1

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation