Skip to main content

The Biokinetics of Tc99m Labeled Hepatobiliary Agents in Humans

  • Chapter
Cholescintigraphy

Part of the book series: Developments in Nuclear Medicine ((DNUM,volume 1))

Abstract

Hepatobiliary agents with Tc99m are tracers of bile flow, of bile storage in the gall bladder, of hepatocyte metabolism, of gastrointestinal propagation or of reflux from duodenum (or ileum) into the stomach; the latter objectives require rapid arrival of a sufficient amount of tracer in the duodenum (fig.1). A relatively large number of Tc99m labeled hepatobiliary tracers have been described in the scientific literature:

  • Derivatives of N- (Phenylcarbamoylmethyl) iminodiacetic acid (1,2)

  • Dihydro-thioctic acid (DHT) (3)

  • Mercaptoisobutyric acid (4)

  • Pyridoxylidene Glutamate (PyG) (5)

  • Pyridoxal Leucine (OyL) (5,6,7,8)

  • Pyridoxalphenylalanin (9,10)

  • 8-Hydroxy-quinolin-7-carboxylate (11)

  • D-Penicillamine (12)

  • Tetracycline (13)

  • Toluidine blue (14)

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

eBook
USD 16.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 16.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. Burns D, Marzilli L, Sowa D, Bauern D, Wagner Jr H, Relationship between molecular structure and biliary excretion of Technetium-99m Hida and Hida analogs (abstract) J. nucl. Med. 18: 624, 1977.

    Google Scholar 

  2. Wistow BW, Subramanian G, Van Heertum RL, Henderson RW, Gagne GM, Hall RC, McAfee JG, An evaluation of 99mTc-labeled hepatobiliary agents. J. nucl. Med. 18: 455, 1977.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. Tonkin AK, DeLand FH, Dihydrothioctic acid: a new polygonal cell imaging agent (abstract) J. nucl. Med. 15: 539, 1974.

    Google Scholar 

  4. Lin TH, Kentigan A, Winchell HS, A 59mTc-labeled replacement for 1311-Rose Bengal in liver and biliary tract studies. J. nucl. Med. 15: 613, 1974.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. Baker RJ, Bellen JC, Ronai PM, 99mTc-pyridoxylideneglutamate: a new rapid cholescintigraphic agent. J. nucl. Med. 15: 476, 1974.

    Google Scholar 

  6. Baker RJ, Bellen JC, Ronai PM, Technetium pyridoxilideneglutamate: a new hepatobiliary radiopharmaceutical. I. Experimental aspects. J. nucl. Med. 16: 720, 1975.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. Ronai PM, Baker RJ, Bellen JC, Technetium 99m pyridoxylidene glutamate, a new hepatobiliary radiopharmaceutical. II. Clinical aspects. J. nucl. Med. 16: 728, 1975.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Poulose KP, Eckelman WC, Reba RC, Evaluation of 99mTc-pyridoxylideneglutamate for the differential diagnosis of jaundice. Clin. Nucl. Med. 1: 70, 1976.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Fotopoulos A, Evaluation of 99mTc-pyridoxalphenylalanine as a hepatobiliary imaging agent. Part. F. Experimental studies. J. nucl. Med. 18: 1189, 1977.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Papadimitriou A, Fotopoulos C, Koutoulidis C, Chiotelis E, Tountas C, Evaluation of Tc99m pyridoxal phenyldanine as a hepatobiliary agent. Port 2. Clinical tests. J. nucl. Med. 18: 1194, 1977.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. Fritzberg AR, Lyster DM, Dolphin DH, 99mTc-Bioquin-7 CA, a potential new hepatobiliary scanning agent. J. nucl. Med. 17: 907, 1976.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. Krishnamurthy GT, Tubis M, Endow JS, Blahol WS, Tc-pencillamine, a new radio-pharmaceutical for cholescintigraphy (abstract) J. nucl. Med. 13: 447, 1972.

    Google Scholar 

  13. Fliegel G, Pewanjee MK, Holman BL, Davis MA, Treves S, 99m.Tc tetracycline as a kidney and gall-bladder imaging agent. Radiology 110: 407, 1974.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Yeh SH, Delahay JE, Kriss JP, Tc 99m labelled toluidine blue 0 for liver scintillography. Int. J. Appl. Radiat. 19: 885, 1968.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. Loberg MD, Fields AT, Chemical Structure of Technetium-99-labeled N-(e, 6dimethylphenylcarbamoylmethyliminodiacetic acid (Tc-HIDA). J. of Appl. Rad. ‘sot. 29: 167, 1978.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. ICRP,23, Report of the task group on reference man. Oxford, Pergamon press 1974.

    Google Scholar 

  17. Hendriksen HJ, Winkler K, Hepatobiliäre Funktionsszintigraphie mit IDAderivaten. In: Proceedings of the symposium of North-Rhine Westphalian Society of Nuclear Medicine, April 1978, Bonn. Biersack HJ, Mahlstedt J (eds), Darmstadt, G-I-T/E Giebler, 1978.

    Google Scholar 

  18. Ryan J, Cooper M, Loberg M, Harvey E, Sikorski S, Technetium-99m-labeled N-(2,6 dimethylpheylcarbamoylmethyl) iminodiacetic acid (Tc-99m HIDA: a new radiopharmaceutical for hepatobiliary imaging studies. J. nucl. Med. 18: 995, 1977.

    Google Scholar 

  19. Passath A, Leb G, Ergebnisse der Leberszintigraphie mit einer neuen Kolloidsubstanz (99mTc-Sn-Antipyrin RD 77 1268) im Vergleich mit 99mTc-Sn-Phytat, 18, 79. Nukl. Med. 18: 79, 1979.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. Fueger GF, Unpublished data, 1977.

    Google Scholar 

  21. Fueger GF, Unpublished data, 1978.

    Google Scholar 

  22. Dudzak R, Kletter K, Angelberger P, Frischauf H, Comparison of two different biliary agents in healthy subjects and in patients with liver diseases. Eur. J. Nucl. Med. 4: 365, 1979.

    Google Scholar 

  23. Dudzak R, Angelberger P, Kletter K, Wagner-Löffler M, Ferencsi P, Frischauf H, Comparison of 99mTc-Diethylida with 99mTc-Parabutylida in jaundiced patients. In:IAEA, SM 247–153, Proceedings of the IAEA symposium on medical radionuclide imaging, Heidelberg, September 1980.

    Google Scholar 

  24. Bengoa J, Ritschard J, Donath A, Szintigraphie hepatobiliäre: rest fonctionnel. Schweiz. med. Wschr. 108: 1896, 1978.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. Joseph K, Mahlstedt J, Welcke U, Pries HH, Hepatobiliäre Funktionsszintigraphie (HBFS) mit Hepatobida. NucComp. 1: 20, 1977.

    Google Scholar 

  26. Reichelt HG, Nuklearmedizinische Leber-und Gallenwegsdiagnostik mit dem hepatotropen, cholophilen Radiopharmakon 99mTc-Diäthyl-IDA (EHIDA). NucComp. 9: 18, 1978.

    Google Scholar 

  27. Hernandez M, Rosenthall L, A cross-over study of the kinetics of 99mTclabeled Diethyl-and Diisopropyl-IDA. Clin. Nucl. Med. 5: 352, 1980.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  28. Tongendorff J, Raithel E, Böll U, Grunst J, Trumm F, Scherer R, Die Wertigkeit der hepatobiliären Funktionsszintigraphie mit 99mTc-Diäthyl-IDA. Nucl. Med. 17: 30, 1978.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  29. Passath A, Leb G, Möglichkeiten in der Differentialdiagnose zwischen Parenchym-und Verschlussikterus mit 99mTc-Hida durch Auswertung von Funtionsparametern. Nukl. Med. 19: 127, 1980.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  30. Vetter H, Studies of hepatic circulation, function and morphology. In: Radioisotopes in medical diagnosis, Belcher EH, Vetter H (eds), London, Butterworth, 1971.

    Google Scholar 

  31. Pors Nielsen S, Trap-Jensen J, Lindenberg J, Lykkegard Nielsen M, Hepatobiliary scintigraphy and hepatography with Tc-99m diethyl-acetanilido-iminodiacetate in obstructive jaundice. J. nucl. Med. 19: 452, 1978.

    Google Scholar 

  32. Cox PH, Tjen HSLM, Van der Pompe WB, The clinical value of 99mTc-labelled Diethyl-acetanilido-imino-diacetate complex for dynamic studies of hepatobiliary function. NucComp. 9: 67, 1978.

    Google Scholar 

  33. Biersack JJ, Breuel HP, Thelen M, Winkler C, Beurteilungskriterien der hepatobiliären Funktionsszintigraphie mit 99m-Tc-markiertem Diäthyl-IDA. Fortschr. Röntgenstr. 130: 689, 1979.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  34. Kroiss A, Peschl L, Kogelbauer G, Stellamor K, Neumayr A, Hepatobiliäre Diagnostik mit 99mTc-hepatobida. Leber, Magen, Darm 9: 107, 1979.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  35. Fueger GF, Dittrich G, Diethyl, Trimethyl and p-butyl-derivatives of 99m-Tc hepato-imino-diacetic acid in 5 volonteers and 5 patients with hepatobiliary disease. In: Progress in Radiopharmacology, Vol. I. Cox PH (ed), Amsterdam, Elsevier/North-Holland Biomedical Press, 1979.

    Google Scholar 

  36. Fueger GF, Unpublished data, 1980.

    Google Scholar 

  37. Cox PH, Unpublished data, personal communication, 1980.

    Google Scholar 

  38. Reichelt HG, Langenberg G, Löhlein D, Hepato-biliäre Sequenzszintigraphie in prä-und postoperativer Oberbauchdiagnostik. Chirurg 48: 583, 1977.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  39. Hernandez M, Rosenthal] L, A cross-over study comparing the kinetics of 99mTc-labeled Diisopropyl and P-Butyl IDA analogs in patients. Clin. Nucl. Med. 5: 159, 1980.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  40. Pauwels S, Steels M, Piret L, Beckers C, Clinical evaluation of Tc-99mDiethyl-IDA in hepatobiliary disorders. Nucl. Med. 19: 783, 1978.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  41. Biersack JJ, Breuel HP, Thelen M, Winkler C, Beurteilungskriterien der hepatobiliären Funktionsszintigraphie mit 99mTc-markiertem Diäthyl-IDA. Fortschr. Röntgenstr. 130: 689, 1979.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  42. Tjen HSLM, Cholescintigraphy Ph.D. Thesis, University of Utrecht, The Netherlands (in English ), 1979.

    Google Scholar 

  43. Matolo NM, Stadalnik RC, Wolfman EF, Hepatobiliary scanning using 99mTcPyridoxylidenglutamate. Amer. J. Surg. 133: 116, 1977.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  44. Eikman EA, Cameron JL, Colman M, Radioactive tracer techniques in the diagnosis of acute cholestitis. J. nucl. Med. 14: 393, 1973.

    Google Scholar 

  45. Lubin E, Rachima M, Oren V, Weininger J, Trumper J, Korenitzky I, Rechnic Y, Tc99m Pyridoxylidene Glutamate in jaundiced patients. J. nucl. Med. 19: 24, 1978.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  46. Stöffler G, Holzer H, Chahbazi H, Fueger GF. In: Hepatobiliäre Funktionsszintigraphie mit IDA-Derivaten. Proceedings of the symposium of North-Rhine Westphalian Society of Nuclear Medicine, April 1978, Bonn. Biersack HJ, Mahlstedt J (eds), Darmstadt, G-I-T/E Giebler, 1978.

    Google Scholar 

  47. Welcke U, Hepatobiliäre Funktionsszintigraphie mit IDA-Derivaten. Proceedings of the symposium of North-Rhine Westphalian Society of Nuclear Medicine, April 1978, Bonn, Biersack HJ, Mahlstedt J (eds), Darmstadt, G-I-T/E Giebler, 1978.

    Google Scholar 

  48. Klingensmith WC, Fritzberg AR, Koep LJ, Comparison of Tc-99m Diethyl-iminodiacetic acid and 1–131 Rose Bengal for Hepatobiliary Studies in Liver-transplant patients: concise communication. J. nucl. Med. 20: 314, 1979.

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  49. Vanek KN, Brookeman VA, Methodology of absorbed dose determinations for a new hepatobiliary imaging agent (99mTc-DHTA). In: Radiopharmaceutical dosimetry symposium, Cloutier RJ, Coffey JL, Snyder WS, Watson EE (eds), Publication (FDA) Washington, 1976.

    Google Scholar 

  50. Spencer RP, Hosian F, Spitznagle LA, Kinetics and dosimetry of radiopharmaceuticals utilized in evaluating liver, gall-bladder and spleen. In: Radio-pharmaceutical dosimetry symposium, Cloutier RJ, Coffey WS, Snyder WS, Watson EE (eds), Publication (FDA) Washington, 1976.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1981 Martinus Nijhoff Publishers, The Hague

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Fueger, G.F. (1981). The Biokinetics of Tc99m Labeled Hepatobiliary Agents in Humans. In: Cox, P.H. (eds) Cholescintigraphy. Developments in Nuclear Medicine, vol 1. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-8325-0_6

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-8325-0_6

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht

  • Print ISBN: 978-94-009-8327-4

  • Online ISBN: 978-94-009-8325-0

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics