Skip to main content

Linear Raman Spectroscopy: A State of the Art Report

  • Conference paper
Non-Linear Raman Spectroscopy and Its Chemical Aplications

Part of the book series: NATO Advanced Study Institutes Series ((ASIC,volume 93))

Abstract

Inelastic light scattering by molecules was discovered in 1928 by C.V. Raman in liquids (1, 2) and soon named after him. The effect had been predicted in 1923 by Smekal (3), when he tried to give a quantum theoretical explanation for dispersion.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 169.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 219.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 219.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. Raman, C.V., and Krishnan, K.S., Nature121, 501 (1928).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. Raman, C.V., Nature121, 619 (1928); Indian J. Phys.2, 387 (1928).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. Raman, C.V., Nature121, 619 (1928); Indian J. Phys.2, 387 (1928).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Smekal, A., Naturwiss.11, 873 (1923).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. Landsberg, G., Mandelstam, L., Naturwiss.16, 557 (1928).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Ramdas, L.A., Indian J. Phys. Proc. Indian Assoc. Cultivat. Sci.3, 131 (1928).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. Mathieu, J.P., ed.,Advances in Raman Spectroscopy, Vol. 1, Heyden, London 1973.

    Google Scholar 

  8. Schmid, E.D., Brandmüller, J., Kiefer, W., Schrader, B., and Schrötter, H.W., eds.,Proceedings of the 5th Intern. Conf. on Raman Spectroscopy, H.F. Schulz, Freiburg 1976.

    Google Scholar 

  9. Schmid, E.D., Krishnan, R.S., Kiefer, W., and Schrötter, H.W., eds.,Proceedings of the 6th Intern. Conf. on Raman Spectroscopy, Vol. 1+2, Heyden, London 1978.

    Google Scholar 

  10. Murphy, W.F., ed.,Proceedings of the 7th Intern. Conf. on Raman Spectroscopy, North-Holland, Amsterdam 1980.

    Google Scholar 

  11. Porto, S.P.S., and Wood, D.L., J. Opt. Soc. Amer.52, 251 (1962).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. Kogelnik, H., and Porto, S.P.S., J. Opt. Soc. Amer.53, 1446 (1963).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Leite, R.C.C., and Porto, S.P.S., J. Opt. Soc. Amer.54, 981 (1964).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Koningstein, J.A., and Smith, R.G., J. Opt. Soc. Amer.54, 1061 (1964).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. Brodersen, S., inRaman Spectroscopy of Gases and Liquids (Weber, A., ed.), Topics in Current Physics, Vol. 11, Springer, Berlin 1979, p. 7.

    Google Scholar 

  16. Weber, A., ibid., p. 71.

    Google Scholar 

  17. Loëte, M., and Berger, H., J. Mol. Spectrosc.68, 317 (1977).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. Berger, H., Faivre, M., Champion, J.P., and Moret-Bailly, J., J. Mol. Spectrosc.45, 298 (1973).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. Champion, J.P., and Berger, H., J. Mol. Spectrosc.55, 15 (1975).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. Schlupf, J., and Weber, A., Appl. Opt.10, 2373 (1971).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. Bentsen, J., J. Raman Spectrosc.2, 133 (1974).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  22. Edwards, H.G.M., Long, D.A., Najm, K.A.B., and Thomsen, M., J. Raman Spectrosc.10, 60 (1981).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. Edwards, H.G.M., Long, D.A., and Mansour, H.R., J. Chem. Soc. Faraday I I,74, 1203 (1978).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. Edwards, H.G.M., Long, D.A., Mansour, H.R., and Najm, K.A.B., J. Raman Spectrosc.8, 251 (1979).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. Edwards, H.G.M., Farwell, D.W., Gorvin, A.C., and Long, D.A., private communication 1982.

    Google Scholar 

  26. Brassington, N.J., Edwards, H.G.M., and Long, D.A., J. Raman Spectrosc.11, 346 (1981).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  27. Lolck, J.-E., Brodersen, S., and Robiette, A.G., J. Raman Spectrosc.12, 49 (1982).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  28. Finsterhölzl, H., Klöckner, H.W., Srinivasan, K., Schrötter, H.W., and Brandmüller, J., Indian J. Pure Appl. Phys.16, 370 (1978).

    Google Scholar 

  29. Jammu, K.S., St. John, G.E., and Welsh, H.L., Can. J. Phys.44, 797 (1966).

    Google Scholar 

  30. Lepard, D., Can. J. Phys.48, 1664 (1970).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  31. Altmann, K., Strey, G., Hochenbleicher, J.G., and Brandmüller, J., Z. Naturforsch.27a, 56 (1972).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  32. Altmann, K., Klöckner, H.W., and Strey, G., Z. Naturforsch.31a, 1311 (1976).

    Google Scholar 

  33. Barrett, J.J., and Adams III, N.I., J. Opt. Soc. Amer.58 311 (1968).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  34. Kiefer, W., Bernstein, H.J., Wieser, H., and Danyluk, M., J. Mol. Spectrosc.43, 393 (1972).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  35. Ziegler, E., and Hoffmann, E.G., Österr. Chem. Z.68, 319 (1967).

    Google Scholar 

  36. Finsterhölzl, H., Schrötter, H.W., and Strey, G., J. Raman Spectrosc.11, 375 (1981).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  37. Fletcher, W.H., and Rayside, J.S., J. Raman Spectrosc.2, 3 (1974).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  38. Fletcher, W.H., Rayside, J.S., and Mc. Lendon, W.B., J. Raman Spectrosc.7, 205 (1978).

    Google Scholar 

  39. Delhaye, M., Appl. Opt.7 2195 (1968).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  40. Bridoux, M., Delhaye, M., Nouv. Rev. d’Optique appl.1, 23 (1970).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  41. Bridoux, M., Delhaye,M., inAdvances in Infrared and Raman Spectroscopy (Clark, R.J.H., and Hester, R.E., eds.), Vol. 2, Heyden, London 1976, p. 140.

    Google Scholar 

  42. Schmid, W.J., Dissertation, LMU München 1980.

    Google Scholar 

  43. Klöckner, H.W., Dissertation, LMU München 1977.

    Google Scholar 

  44. Klöckner, W., Schmid, W.J., and Schrötter, H.W., in Ref. (7), p. 766.

    Google Scholar 

  45. Schrötter, H.W., inAdvances in Infrared and Raman Spectroscopy (Clark, R.J.H., and Hester, R.E., eds.), Vol. 8, Heyden, London 1981, p. 1.

    Google Scholar 

  46. Freeman, J.J., Heaviside, J., Hendra, P.J., Prior, J., and Reid, E.S., Appl. Spectrosc.35, 196 (1981).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  47. Wilbrandt, R., Jensen, N.H., Pagsberg, P., Sillesen, A.H., and Hansen, K.B., in Ref.(8), p. 510.

    Google Scholar 

  48. Wilbrandt, R., Jensen, N.H., Pagsberg, P., Sillesen, A.H., Hansen, K.B., and Hester, R.E., Chem. Phys. Lett.60, 315 (1979).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  49. Hansen, K.B., Wilbrandt, R., and Pagsberg, P., Rev. Sci. Instrum.50, 1532 (1979).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  50. Surbeck, H., Hug, W., Gremaud, M., Bridoux, M., Deffontaine, A., and Da Silva, E., Opt. Commun.38, 57 (1981).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  51. Hug, W., and Surbeck, H., J. Raman Spectrosc. (to be published).

    Google Scholar 

  52. Bridoux, M., Deffontaine, A., Delhaye, M., Rose, B., and Da Silva, E., J. Raman Spectrosc. 11, 515 (1981).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  53. Bridoux, M., in Ref. (8), Vol. 1, p. 381.

    Google Scholar 

  54. Delhaye, M., and Dhamelincourt, P., J. Raman Spectrosc.3, 33 (1975).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  55. Dhamelincourt, P., in Ref. (8), Vol. 1, p. 399

    Google Scholar 

  56. Rosasco, G.J., Etz, E.S., and Cassatt, W.A., Appl. Spectrosc.29, 396 (1975).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  57. Rosasco, G.J., in Ref. (8), Vol. 1, p. 389.

    Google Scholar 

  58. Kiefer, W., and Bernstein, H.J., Appl. Spectrosc.25, 501

    Article  Google Scholar 

  59. Kiefer, W., inAdvances in Infrared and Raman Spectroscopy (Clark, R.J.H., and Hester, R.E., eds.), Vol. 3, Heyden, London 1977, p. 1.

    Google Scholar 

  60. Eichele, H., Kolb, G., Laane, J., Beckmann, A., and Kiefer, W., J. Phys. E, Sci. Instrum. 14, 1397 (1981).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  61. Laane, J., and Kiefer, W., Appl. Spectrosc.35, 428 (1981).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  62. Rodgers, E.G., and Strommen, D.P., Appl. Spectrosc.35, 215 (1981).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  63. Walrafen, G.E., and Stone, J., Appl. Spectrosc.26, 585

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  64. Walrafen, G.E., Phys. Bl.30, 540 (1974).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  65. Schmid, W.J., and Schrötter, H.W., J. Raman Spectrosc.10, 212 (1981).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  66. Crosswhite, H.M., J. Res. Natl. Bur. Stands.79A, 17 (1975).

    Google Scholar 

  67. Giachetti, A., Stanley, R.W., Zalubas, R., J. Opt. Soc. Amer.60, 474 (1970).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  68. Valero, F.P.J., J. Opt. Soc. Amer.60, 1675 (1970).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  69. Strey, G., Spectrochimica Acta25A, 163 (1969).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  70. Brodersen, S., and Bentsen, J., J. Raman Spectrosc.3, 207 (1975).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  71. Kiefer, W., Appl. Spectrosc.27, 253 (1973).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  72. Laane, J., and Kiefer, W., J. Chem. Phys.72, 5305 (1980).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  73. Laane, J., and Kiefer, W., Appl. Spectrosc.35, 267 (1981).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  74. Laane, J., Eichele, H., Hohenberger, H.P., and Kiefer, W., J. Mol. Spectrosc.86, 262 (1981).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  75. Laane, J., and Kiefer, W., J. Chem. Phys.73, 4971 (1980).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  76. Srivastava, R.P., and Zaidi, H.R., inRaman Spectroscopy of Gases and Liquids (Weber, A., ed.), Topics in Current Phys Physics, Vol. 11, Springer, Berlin 1979, p. 167.

    Google Scholar 

  77. Clements, W.R.L., and Stoicheff, B.P., Appl. Phys. Lett.12, 246 (1968),

    Google Scholar 

  78. Clements, W.R.L., and Stoicheff, B.P., J. Mol. Spectrosc.33, 138 (1970).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  79. Weber, A., inThe Raman Effect (Anderson, A., ed.), Vol. 2, Marcel Dekker, New York, 1973, p. 543.

    Google Scholar 

  80. Asthana, B.P., and Kiefer, W.,, Verhandl. DPG (VI)17, 390 (1982); Appl. Spectrosc. (to be published).

    Google Scholar 

  81. Allemand, C.D., Appl. Spectrosc.24, 348 (1970).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  82. Hess, W.R., Hacker, H., Schrötter, H.W., and Brandmüller, J., Z. angew. Phys.27, 233 (1969).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  83. Kiefer, W., and Topp, J.A., Appl. Spectrosc. 28, 26 (1974).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  84. Spiro, T.G., and Strekas, T.C., Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA69, 2622 (1972).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  85. Mortensen, O.S., and Koningstein, J.A., J. Chem. Phys. 48, 3971 (1968).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  86. Kiefer, W., and Nitsch, W., Appi. Spectrosc.31, 50 (1977).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  87. Scherer, J.R., Kint, S., and Bailey, G.F., J. Mol. Spectrosc.39, 146 (1971).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  88. Klöckner, W., Kiefer, W., and Schrötter, H.W., Appl. Spectrosc.31 52 (1977).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  89. Srinivasan, K., Finsterhölzl, H., Klöckner, H.W., illig, D., and Schrötter, H.W., Z. Naturforsch.32a, 1070 (1977).

    Google Scholar 

  90. Klöckner, H.W., Finsterhölzl, H., Srinivasan, K., and Schrötter, H.W., Appl. Spectrosc.32, 401 (1978).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  91. Laane, J., and Kiefer, W., Appl. Spectrosc.35, 428 (1981)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  92. Schrötter, H.W., and Klöckner, H.W., inRaman Spectroscopy of Gases and Liquids (Weber, A., ed.), Topics in Current Physics, Vol. 11, Springer, Berlin 1979, p. 123.

    Google Scholar 

  93. Warsop, P.A., and Montero, S., J. Raman Spectrosc.7 115 (1978).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  94. Orduna, F., Domingo, C., Montero, S., and Murphy, W.F., Mol. Phys.45, 65 (1982).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  95. Shorygin, P.P., Zh. Fiz. Khim. SSSR21, 1125 (1947).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  96. Behringer, J., inMolecular Spectroscopy (Barrow, R.F., Long, D.A., and Millen, D.J., eds.), Vol. 2, The Chemical Society, London 1974. p. 100.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  97. Behringer, J., ibid., Vol. 3, 1975, p. 163.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  98. Rousseau, D.L., Friedman, J.M., and Willians, P.F., inRaman Spectroscopy of Gases and Liquids (Weber, A., ed.), Topics in Current Physics, Vol. 11, Springer, Berlin 1979, p. 203.

    Google Scholar 

  99. Baierl, P., and Kiefer, W., J. Raman Spectrosc.10, 197 (1981).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  100. Baierl, P., and Kiefer, W., J. Raman Spectrosc.11, 393 (1981).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  101. Condon, E.V., Phys. Rev.32, 858 (1928).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  102. Baierl, P., and Kiefer, W., J. Chem. Phys. (in print).

    Google Scholar 

  103. Kirillov, D., Lam, L.K., and Hellwarth, R.W., J. Mol. Spectrosc.91, 269 (1982).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  104. Merlin, J.C., Lorriaux, J.-L., and Hester, R.E., J. Raman Spectrosc.11, 384 (1981).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  105. Van Duyne, R.F., in Chemical and Biochemical Applications of Lasers (Moore, C.B., ed.), Vol. 4, Academic Press, New York 1979.

    Google Scholar 

  106. Furtak, T.E., and Reyes, J., Surface Sei.93, 351 (1980).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  107. Lee, T.-K., and Birman, J.L., J. Raman Spectrosc.10, 141 (1981).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  108. Krasser,W., and Renouprez, A.J., J. Raman Spectrosc.11, 425 (1981).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  109. Loo, B.H., J. Chem. Phys.75, 5955 (1981).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  110. Barron, L.D., in Ref.(7), p. 677.

    Google Scholar 

  111. Barron, L.D., in Advances in Infrared and Raman Spectroscopy (Clark, R.J.H., and Hester, R.E., eds.), Vol. 4, Heyden, London 1978, p. 314.

    Google Scholar 

  112. Hug, W., Appl. Spectrosc.35, 115 (1981).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  113. Hug, W., and Surbeck, H., Chem. Phys. Lett.60, 186 (1979).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  114. Hug, W., Kamatari, A., Srinivasan, K., Hansen, H.-J., and Sliwka, H.-R., Chem. Phys. Lett.76, 469 (1980).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  115. Rasetti, F., Z. Riysik66, 646 (1930).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  116. Fast, H., Welsh, H.L., and Lepard, D.W., Can. J. Phys.47, 2879 (1969).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  117. Rich, N.H., and Welsh, H.L., J. Opt. Soc. Amer.61, 977 (1971).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  118. Koningstein, J.A., and Mortensen, O.S., inThe Raman Effect (Anderson, A., ed.), Vol. 2, Marcel Dekker, New York 1972, p. 519.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  119. Koningstein, J.A., inMolecular Spectroscopy (Barrow, R.F., Long, D.A., and Sheridan, J., eds.), Vol. 4, The Chemical Society, London 1976, p. 196.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  120. Abdalian, A.T., and Moch, P., in Ref. (8), Vol. 2, p. 410.

    Google Scholar 

  121. Klein, M.V., inLight Scattering in Solids (Cardona, M., ed.), Topics in Applied Physics, Vol. 8, Springer, Berlin 1975, p. 147.

    Google Scholar 

  122. Wright, G.B., ed.,Light Scattering Spectra of Solids, Springer, New York 1969.

    Google Scholar 

  123. Balkanski, M., ed.,Proc. 2nd Int. Conf. on Light Scattering in Solids, Flammarion, Paris 1971.

    Google Scholar 

  124. Balkanski, M., Leite, R.C.C., and Porto, S.P.S., eds.Proc. 3rd Int. Conf. on Light Scattering in Solids, Flammarion, Paris 1976.

    Google Scholar 

  125. Poulet, H., Mathieu, J.P.,Spectres de Vibration et Symétrie des Cristaux, Gordon and Breach, Paris 1970.

    Google Scholar 

  126. Brandmüller, J., and Schrötter, H.W., Topics in Current Chemistry, Vol. 36, Springer, Berlin 1973, p. 85.

    Google Scholar 

  127. Cardona, M., ed.,Light Scattering in Solids, Topics in Applied Physics, Vol. 8, Springer, Berlin 1975.

    Google Scholar 

  128. Claus, R., Merten, L., and Brandmüller, J.,Light Scattering by Phonon-Polaritons, Springer Tracts in Modern Physics, Vol. 75, Springer, Berlin 1975.

    Google Scholar 

  129. Claus, R., phys. stat. sol. (b)100, 9 (1980).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  130. Claus, R., phys. stat. sol. (b)88, 683 (1978).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  131. Claus, R., and Borstel, G., phys. stat. sol. (b)88, K 123 (1978).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  132. Merten, L., and Claus, R., phys. stat. sol. (b)89 159 (1978).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  133. Claus, R., J. Raman Spectrosc.10, 183 (1981).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  134. Lapp, M., and Penney, C.M., eds.,Laser Raman Gas Diagnostics, Plenum Press, New York 1974.

    Google Scholar 

  135. Lapp, M., and Penney, C.M., inAdvances in Infrared and Raman Spectroscopy (Clark, R.J.H., and Hester, R.E., eds.), Vol. 3, Heyden, London 1977, p. 204.

    Google Scholar 

  136. Lapp, M., in Ref. (8), Vol. I, p. 219.

    Google Scholar 

  137. Black, P.C., and Chang, R.K., AIAA J.16, 295 (1978).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  138. Howard-Lock, H.E., and Stoicheff, B.P., J. Mol. Spectrosc.37, 321 (1971).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  139. Finsterhölzl, H., Illig, D., and Schrötter, H.W., Verhandl. DPG (VI)17, 391 (1982).

    Google Scholar 

  140. Gaufrès, R., Maillols, J., and Tabacik, V., J. Raman Spectrosc.11, 442 (1981).

    Article  Google Scholar 

  141. Inaba, H., inLaser Monitoring of the Atmosphere (Hinkley, E.D., ed.), Topics in Appl. Phys., Vol. 14, Springer, Berlin 1976, p. 153.

    Google Scholar 

  142. Renaut, D., Pourny, J.C., and Capitini, R., Optics Letters5 233 (1980).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  143. Capitini, R., Renaut, D., and Pourny, J.C., in Ref. (9), p. 238.

    Google Scholar 

  144. Silvera, I.F., and Tommasini, F., Phys. Rev. Lett.37, 136 (1976).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  145. Bloom, S.D., Harney, R.C., and Milanovich, F.P., Appl. Spectrosc.30 64 (1976).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  146. Dhamelincourt, P., Beny, J.-M., Dubessy, J., Poty, B., Bull. Mineral.102, 600 (1979) and private communication.

    Google Scholar 

  147. See Ref. (9), pp. 532–562.

    Google Scholar 

  148. Nelson, W.H., and Carey, P.R., J. Raman Spectrosc.11, 326 (1981).

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  149. Drissler, F., Collective Phenomena3, 147 (1981).

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  150. Albrecht, H., and Breitinger, D., in Ref. (7), p. 212.

    Google Scholar 

  151. Albrecht, H., Müller, G., and Schaldach, M., in Ref. (8), Vol. 2, p. 526.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1982 D. Reidel Publishing Company

About this paper

Cite this paper

Schrötter, H.W. (1982). Linear Raman Spectroscopy: A State of the Art Report. In: Kiefer, W., Long, D.A. (eds) Non-Linear Raman Spectroscopy and Its Chemical Aplications. NATO Advanced Study Institutes Series, vol 93. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-7912-3_1

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-7912-3_1

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht

  • Print ISBN: 978-94-009-7914-7

  • Online ISBN: 978-94-009-7912-3

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics