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Recent Developments of Selective Detectors in GC

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Analysis of Organic Micropollutants in Water

Summary

The problem of identifying the substances eluted from the chromatographic column has always been of great importance in gas chromatography. Many types of detectors, capable of converting the physical and/or chemical properties of eluted compounds into useful, generally electrical signals, have been proposed to monitor the effluent from a gas chromatograph over about thirty years of gas chromatographic work. Some devices are general purpose universal detectors, very useful because they respond to anything (or almost anything) present in the carrier gas. Other devices are selective detectors which can give information on some elements or chemical groups present in the molecules. In complex mixtures of natural, environmental or biological origin, selective detectors provides chromatographic profiles complementary to the response of universal detectors and thus more useful information on the chemical functionalities required for structural elucidation.

A very critical application domain for gas chromatographic detectors concerns capillary columns. High sensitivities and small detection cell volumes are mandatory in view of the severe needs of high resolution gas chromatography. Selective detectors have played an important role in capillary GC; many compounds have been traceq, which otherwise would have remained unnoticed with less sensitive universal detectors. The versatility of GC systems when selective detectors are used can be increased by using different configurations of multiple column and/or detectors. It is now technically feasible to place two or more detectors in parallel or in series to obtain dual or multiple detection systems which can simultaneously detect compounds belonging to different chemical classes and produce very useful selective chromatograms. Another very important application of selective detectors is the analysis of particular compounds which are unstable and/or not volatile. Selective derivatization of the samples might be carried out to permit their GC analysis and detection. This derivatization enhances the usefulness of selective detectors since it increases the sensitivity of the system, converts the substances to be analyzed in more stable and volatile compounds, and reduces the sample manipulations and possibility of mistake.

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  1. Politecnico — Istituto di Chimica Industriale “G.Natta”, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133, Milano, Italy

    E. Mantica

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  1. E. Mantica
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  1. Central Institute for Industrial Research, Oslo, Norway

    A. Bjørseth

  2. Research and Development, Commission of the European Communities, Brussels, Belgium

    G. Angeletti (Directorate-General for Science) (Directorate-General for Science)

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© 1982 ECSC, EEC, EAEC, Brussels and Luxembourg

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Mantica, E. (1982). Recent Developments of Selective Detectors in GC. In: Bjørseth, A., Angeletti, G. (eds) Analysis of Organic Micropollutants in Water. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-7804-1_11

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-7804-1_11

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht

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