Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Influence of Hypertension on the Heart

  • Chapter
Hypertensive Cardiovascular Disease: Pathophysiology and Treatment

Part of the book series: Developments in Cardiovascular Medicine ((DICM,volume 16))

  • 235 Accesses

Abstract

Hypertension is one of the commonest causes of left ventricular hypertrophy and of congestive heart failure, at least amongst the adult population in westernized nations [1,2]. This strong association between elevated arterial pressure and heart disease has commonly been explained as a simple sequence of cardiac overload leading to myocardial hypertrophy and eventual failure. However, the spectrum of cardiac involvement by the hypertensive process is much wider than a pump response to an increased afterload [3] (Table 1).

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
eBook
USD 16.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 54.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. Kannel WB, Castelli WP, McNamara PM, McKee PA, Feinleib m: Role of blood pressure in the development of congestive heart failure. The Framingham Study. N Engl J Med 287: 781, 1972.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. Kannel WB, Gordon T, Offutt D: Left ventricular hypertrophy by electrocardiogram: prevalence, incidence, and mortality in the Frmingham Study. Ann Int Med 71: 89, 1969.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  3. Tarazi RC, Ferrario CM, Dustan HP: The heart in hypertension. In: Hypertension: Physiopathology and Treatment, p. 738. Genest J, Koiw E, Kuchel O, eds. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1976.

    Google Scholar 

  4. Friedberg CK: The heart in hypertension and renal disease. In: Diseases of the Heart, Philadelphia: W. B. Saunders, 1966.

    Google Scholar 

  5. Laird WP, Fixler DE: Left ventricular hypertrophy in adolescents with elevated blood pressure: Assessment by chest roentgenography, electrocardiography and echocardiogram. Pediatrics 67: 255–259, 1981.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Fouad FM, Nakashima Y, Tarazi RC, Salcedo E: Reversal of left ventricular hypertrophy with methyldopa. Am J Cardiol (in press).

    Google Scholar 

  7. Cohn JN: Blood pressure and cardiac performance. Am J Med 55: 351, 1973.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Nichols WW, Pepine CJ, Geiser EA, Conti CR: Vascular load defined by the aortic input impedance spectrum. Fed Proc 39 (2): 196, 1980.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  9. Milnor WR: Arterial impedance as ventricular afterload. Circ Res 36: 565, 1975.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Tarazi RC, Magrini F, Dustan HP: The role of aortic distensibility in hypertension. In: Recent Advances in Hypertension, p. 133. Milliez P, Safar M, eds. Reims: Boehringer Ingelheim, 1975.

    Google Scholar 

  11. Katz AN: Physiology of the Heart, p. 250. New York: Raven Press, 1977.

    Google Scholar 

  12. Grossman W, Jones D, McLaurin LP: Wall stress and patterns of hypertrophy in the human left ventricle. J Clin Inves 56: 56, 1975.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Wilson JR, Teichek N, Hirshfeld J: Noninvasive assessment of load reduction in patients with asymptomatic aortic regurgitation. Am J Med 68: 664, 1980.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Strauer BE: Ventricular function and coronary hemodynamics in hypertensive heart disease. Am J Cardiol 44: 999, 1979.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. Ross J Jr, Sobel BE: Regulation of cardiac contraction. Ann Rev Physiol 34: 47, 1972.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  16. Skelton CL, Sonnenblick EH: Heterogeneity of contractile function in cardiac hypertrophy. Circ Res (Suppl 2) 34, 35: 83, 1974.

    Google Scholar 

  17. Averill DB, Ferrario CM, Tarazi RC, Sen S, Bajbus R: Cardiac performance in rats with renal hypertension. Circ Res 38: 280, 1976.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. Lund-Johansen P: Hemodynamic pattern in essential hypertension at rest and during muscular exercise. Acta Med Scand (Suppl 1 ) 181: 482, 1967.

    Google Scholar 

  19. Sen S, Tarazi RC, Bumpus FM: Biochemical changes associated with development and reversal of cardiac hypertrophy in spontaneously hypertensive rats. Cardiovasc Res 10: 254, 1976.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. Gaasch WJ: Left ventricular radius to wall thickness ratio. Am J Cardiol 43: 1189, 1979.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. Bugge-Asperheim B, Kiili F: Cardiac response to increased aortic pressure. Scand J Clin Lab Invest 24: 345, 1969.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. Saragoca M, Tarazi RC: Impaired cardiac contractile response to isoproterenol in the spontaneously hypertensve rat. Hypertension 3: 380, 1981.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. Woodcock EA, Funder JW, Johnston CI: Decreased cardiac ß-adrenergic receptors in deoxycorticosterone-salt and renal hypertensive rats. Circ Res 45: 560, 1979.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. Saragoca M, Tarazi RC: Left ventricular hypertrophy in rats with renovascular hypertension: Alterations in cardiac function and adrenergic response. Hypertension 3 (Suppl II): 11–171, 1981.

    Google Scholar 

  25. Julius S, Esler M: Autonomic nervous cardiovascular regulation in borderline hypertension. Am J Cardiol 36: 685, 1975.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  26. Ibrahim MM, Tarazi RC, Dustan HP, Bravo EL: Cardioadrenergic factor in essential hypertension. Am Heart J 88: 724, 1974.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  27. Marcus ML, Mueller TM, Gascho JA, Kerber RE: Effects of cardiac hypertrophy secondary to hypertension on the coronary circulation. Am J Cardiol 44: 1023, 1979.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  28. Mueller TM, Marcus ML, Kerber RE, Young JA, Barnes RW, Abboud FM: Effect of renal hypertension and left ventricular hypertrophy on the coronary circulation in dogs. Circ Res 42 (4): 543, 1978.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  29. Bache RJ, Vrobel TR: Effects of exercise on blood flow in the hypertrophied heart. Am J Cardiol 44: 1029, 1979.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  30. Wicker P, Tarazi RC: Coronary blood flow in renovascular hypertension: Changes during development and reversal of left ventricular hypertrophy. Eur Heart J (in press).

    Google Scholar 

  31. Pickering G: High Blood Pressure, pp. 351–355. New York: Grune & Stratton, 1968.

    Google Scholar 

  32. Sokolow M, Perloff D: The prognosis of essential hypertension treated conservatively. Circulation 23: 697, 1961.

    Google Scholar 

  33. Rodriguera E, Narang R, Ahmed S, Fiore JJ, Levinson GE: The significance of cardiomegaly by x-ray in hypertensive heart disease. Circulation 45, 46 (Suppl II): 104, 1972 (Abstract).

    Google Scholar 

  34. Tarazi RC, Miller A, Frohlich ED, Dustan HP: Electrocardiographic changes reflecting left atrial abnormality in hypertension. Circulation 34: 818, 1966.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  35. Gibson TC, Madry R, Grossman W, McLaurin LP, Craige E: The A-wave of the apexcardiogram and left ventricular diastolic stiffness. Circulation 49: 441, 1974.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  36. Fouad FM, Tarazi Rc, Gallagher JH, Maclntyre WJ, Cook SA: Abnormal left ventricular relaxation in hypertensive patients. Clin Sci 59: 411s, 1980.

    Google Scholar 

  37. Dunn FG, Chandraratna PN, Basta LT, Frohlich ED: Pathophysiological assessment of hypertensive heart disease by echocardiography (ECHO). Am J Cardiol 39: 189, 1977.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  38. Safar ME, Lehner JP, Vincent MI, Plainfosse MT, Simo ACh: Echocardiographic dimensions in borderline and sustained hypertension. Am J Cardiol 44: 930, 1979.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  39. Richardson pj, Monaghan M: The role of echocardiography in the assessment of left ventricular hypertrophy in patients with hypertension. In: The Therapeutics of Hypertensions. The Royal Society of Medicine INternational Congress and Symposium Series No. 26, pp. 213–223. Royal Soc of Med (Lond), Academic Press (Lond), Grune & Stratton (New York), 1980.

    Google Scholar 

  40. Guazzi M, Fiorentini C, Olivari MT, Polese A: Cardiac load and function in hypertension. Am J Cardiol 44: 1007, 1979.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  41. Ehrström: Enlargement of the heart in hypertension. Acta Med Scand 103 (Suppl 206): 86, 1946.

    Google Scholar 

  42. Grant RP: Aspects of cardiac hypertrophy. Am Heart J 46: 154, 1953.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  43. Sen S, Tarazi RC, Khairallah PA, Bumpus Fm: Cardiac Hypertrophy in spontaneously hypertensive rats. Circ Res 35: 775, 1974.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  44. Frohlich ED, Tarazi RC: Is arterial pressure the sole factor responsible for hypertensive cardiac hypertrophy? Am J Cardiol 44: 459, 1979.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  45. Raab W: Hormonal and nueorgenic cardiovascular disorders. Baltimore: Williams & Wilkins, 1953.

    Google Scholar 

  46. Tarazi RC, Sen S: Catecholamines and cardiac hypertrophy. In: Catecholamines and the Heart. Royal Society of Medicine International Congress and Symposium Series No. 8, p. 47. Mezey KC, Caldwell ADS, eds. Royal Society of Med (Lond), Academic Press (Lond), Grune & Stratton (New York), 1979.

    Google Scholar 

  47. Tarazi RC, Dustan HP, Bravo EL: The importance of plasma volume in the treatment of hypertension. In: Beta-Blockers: Present Status and Future Prospects, p. 102. Schweizer W, ed. Bern: Hans Huber, 1975.

    Google Scholar 

  48. Smith AJ: Clinical features of fluid retention complicating treatment with guanethidine. Circulation 31: 485, 1965.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  49. Vogel JHK, Chidsey CA: Cardiac adrenergic activity in experimental heart failure assessed with beta-receptor blockade. Am J Cardiol 24: 198, 1969.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  50. Chidsey CA, Braunwald AE, Monow AGL: Catecholamine excretion and cardiac stores of nerepinephrine in congestive heart failure. Am J Med 39: 442, 1965.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  51. Tarazi RC, Dustan HP, Bravo EL: Haemodynamic effects of propranolol in hypertesnion: a review. Postgrad Med J 52 (Suppl 4): 92, 1976.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  52. Guazzi M, Magrini F, Fiorentini C, Polese A: Role of the sympathetic nervous system in supporting cardiac function in essential arterial hypertension. Br Heart J 35: 55, 1973.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  53. Alicandri C, Fouad FM, Tarasi RC, Bravo EL: Cardiac performance in hypertension. Circulation 55, 56 (SUPPL III): 28, 1977.

    Google Scholar 

  54. Tarazi RC: Effects of hypertension on the heart: pathophysiology and clinical implications. In: Hypertension: Determinants, Complications, and Interventions, pp. 211–224. Onesti G, Klimt CR, eds. New York: Grune & Stratton, 1979.

    Google Scholar 

  55. Hall O, Hall CE, Ogden E: Cardiac hypertrophy in experimental hypertension and its regression following reestablishment of normal blood pressure. Am J Physiol 174: 175, 1953.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  56. Devereux RB, Savage DD, Sachs I, Laragh JH: Effect of blood pressure control on left ventricular hypertrophy and function in hypertension. Circulation 62 (Suppl II): 11–36, 1980 (Abstract).

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Authors
  1. R. C. Tarazi
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Hypertension and Cardiovascular Rehabilitation Unit, Department of Pathophysiology, University of Leuven, K.U. Leuven, 3000, Leuven, Belgium

    A. Amery , R. Fagard , P. Lijnen  & J. Staessen , ,  & 

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1982 Martinus Nijhoff Publishers, The Hague

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Tarazi, R.C. (1982). Influence of Hypertension on the Heart. In: Amery, A., Fagard, R., Lijnen, P., Staessen, J. (eds) Hypertensive Cardiovascular Disease: Pathophysiology and Treatment. Developments in Cardiovascular Medicine, vol 16. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-7476-0_27

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-7476-0_27

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht

  • Print ISBN: 978-94-009-7478-4

  • Online ISBN: 978-94-009-7476-0

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation