Abstract
Phosphate-deficiency indicators such as inducement of alkaline phosphatase activity, changes in the algal internal P pool (as hot-water-extractable phosphate) along with soluble reactive phosphate (S RP), soluble phosphate and particulate phosphate have been measured at a Parakrama Samudra North station on three days. Parallel observations were made on total and dissolved nitrogen fractions. The observations made indicate the existence of a diel SRP cycle. The average SRP concentrations ranged from 9 to 12 µg I1- Due to enhanced phosphatase activity during the afternoon, the values can go up to 19-26 µg 1-1However, 80% of the SRP values observed were below 10 µg 1-1and 94% below 20 µg 1-1. The level of the dissolved organic phosphate significantly decreased with the increase of phosphatase activity (r= 0.522, P<0.01). There appears to be an inverse relationship between external inorganic P concentration and both P-deficiency indicators (phosphatase activity and hot-water-extractable P). Hot-water-extractable P per unit chlorophyll- a decreased during the day but increased gradually to reach a maximum at midnight. The above observations suggest that the algal population in Parakrama Samudra may be phosphorus limited at times of the day.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Ahlgren, G., 1977. Growth ofOscillatoria agardhiiin chemostat culture. 1. nitrogen and phosphorus requirements. Oikos29: 209–224.
Bauer, K., 1983. Thermal stratification, mixis and advective currents in Parakrama Samudra Reservoir, Sri Lanka. In: Schiemer, F. (ed.) Limnology of Parakrama Samudra - Sri Lanka: a case study of an ancient man-made lake in the tropics. Developments in Hydrology (this volume). Dr W. Junk, The Hague.
Berman, T., 1969. Phosphatase of inorganic phosphorus in Lake Kinneret. Nature 224: 1231–1232.
Berman, T ., 1970. Alkaline phosphatases and phosphorus availability in Lake Kinneret. Limnol. Oceanogr. 15: 663–674.
Chu, S. P., 1942. The influence of the mineral composition of the medium on the growth of planktonic algae. I. Methods and culture media. J. Ecol. 30: 284–325.
Delhomme, J. P., 1978. Kriging in hydro sciences. Advances in Water Resources 1: 251–266.
Dillon, P. J. & Rigler, F. H., 1974. The phosphorus chlorophyll relationship in lakes. Limnol. Oceanogr. 19: 767–773.
Dokulil, M., Bauer, K. & Silva, I., 1983. An assessment of phytoplankton biomass and the primary productivity of Pa-rakrama Samudra, a shallow man-made lake in Sri Lanka. In: Schiemer, F. (ed.) Limnology of Parakrama Samudra - Sri Lanka: a case study of an ancient man-made lake in the tropics. Developments in Hydrobiology (this volume). Dr W. Junk, The Hague.
Elgavish, A. & Elgavish, A., 1980. 31P NMR differentiation between intracellular phosphate pools inCosmarium(Chlorophyta). J. Phycol. 16: 368–374.
Fitzgerald, G. P. & Nelson, T. C., 1966. Extractive and enzymatic analysis for limiting or surplus phosphorous in algae. J. Phycol. 2: 32–37.
Fitzgerald, G. P., 1972. Bioassay analysis of nutrient availability. In: Allen, H. E. & Kramer, J. R. (eds.) Nutrients in Natural Waters, pp. 147–169. Wiley Interscience, New York.
Fogg, G. E., 1973. Phosphorus in primary aquatic plants. Water Research 7: 77–91.
Fricker, Hj., 1980. OECD eutrophication program - regional project. Alpine Lakes. (Final report.) Swiss. Federal Board for Environmental Protection, Bern, Switzerland. 234 pp.
Fuhs, G. W., 1969. Phosphorus content and rate of growthinthe diatoms Cyclotella nana andThalassiosira fluviatilis. J. Phycol. 5: 312–321.
Fuhs, G. W., 1972. Microbial influences on phosphorus cycling. In: Ballantine, R. K. (ed.) The aquatic environment: the microbial transformations and water management implications, pp. 149–169. EPA 430/G-73-008.
Galloway, R. A. & Krauss, R. W., 1963. Utilization of phosphorus sources byChlorella. In: Microalgae and photosynthetic bacteria. Plant Cell Physiol. Spec. Suppl., pp. 569–575.
Golterman, H. L., 1973. Natural phosphate sources in relation to phosphate budgets: a contribution to the understanding of eutrophication. Water Research 7: 3–17.
Golterman, H. L ., 1975. Physiological Limnology. Elsevier, Amsterdam. 489 pp.
Gunatilaka, A ., 1980. The chemistry of Parakrama Samudra. In: Schiemer, F. (ed.) Parakrama Samudra (Sri Lanka), Limnology Project, Interim Report, pp. 35–53. IIZ, Vienna.
Gunatilaka, A. & Senaratna, C., 1981. Parakrama Samudra (Sri Lanka) Project, a study of a tropical lake ecosystem. II: Chemical environment with special reference to nutrients. Verh. Internat. Verein. Limnol. 21: 1000–1006.
Harvey, H. W., 1953. Note on the absorption of organic phosphorus compounds byNitzchia closteriumin the dark. J. Mar. Biol. Assoc. U.K. 31: 475–476.
Healey, F. P. & Hendzel, L. L., 1975. Effect of phosphorus deficiency on two algae growing in chemostats. J. Phycol. 11: 303–309.
Healey, F. P. & Hendzel, L. L., 1976. Physiological changes during the course of blooms ofAphanizomenon flos-aqaue. J. Fish. Res. Board. Can. 36: 36–41.
Healy, F. P. & Hendzel, L. L., 1980. Physiological indicators of nutrient deficiency in lake phytoplankton. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 37: 442–453.
Hutchinson, G. E ., 1967. A treatise on Limnology, vol. 2. Wiley, New York, 1015 pp.
Jones, J. G., 1972. Studies of freshwater bacteria: association with algae and alkaline phosphatase activity. J. Ecol. 60: 59–75.
Jones, J. G., 1973. Studies on freshwater micro-organisms: phosphatase activity in lakes of differing degree of eutrophication. J. Ecol. 60: 777–791.
Ketchum, B. H. & Corwin, N., 1965. The cycle of phosphorus in a plankton boom in the Gulf of Maine. Limnol. Oceanogr. (Suppl. R) 10: 148–161.
Kuenzler, E. J., 1965. Glucose-6-phosphate utilization by marine algae. J. Phycol. 1: 156–164.
Kuenzler, E. J., 1970. Dissolved phosphorus excretion by marine phytoplankton. J. Phycol. 6: 7–13.
Kuenzler, E.J. & Parras, J. P., 1965. Phosphorus of marine algae. Biol. Bull. 128: 271–284.
Kuhl, A., 1962. Inorganic phosphorus uptake and metabolism. In: Lewin, R. A. (ed.) Physiology and Biochemistry of Algae, pp. 211–229. Academic Press, New York.
Kuhl, A., 1974. Phosphorus. In: Stewart, W. D. P. (ed.) Algal physiology and biochemistry, pp. 636–654. Blackwell Scientific, Oxford.
Lean, D. R. S., 1973a. Phosphorus dynamics in lake water. Science 179: 678–680.
Lean, D. R. S., 1973b. Phosphorus movement between its bio-logically important forms in lake water. J. Fish. Res. Board Can.30:1525–1536.
Lean, D. R. S. & Nalewajko, C., 1976. Phosphate exchange and organic phosphorus excretion by freshwater algae. J. Fish. Res. Board Can. 33: 1312–1323.
Lean, D. R. S. & Nalewajko, C., 1979. Phosphorus turnover time and phosphorus demand in large and small lakes. Arch. Hydrobiol. Beih. Ergbn. Limnol. 13: 120–132.
Mackereth, F. Y. H ., 1953. Phosphorus utilization byAsterionella formosaHaas. J. Exp. Bot. 4: 296–313.
Murphy, J. & Riley, J. P., 1962. A single-solution method for the determination of phosphate in natural waters. Anal. Chim. Acta 27: 31–36.
Oglesby, R. T. & Schaffner, W. R„ 1975. The response of lakes to phosphorus. In: Porter, K. S. (ed.) Nitrogen and Phosphorus Food Production, Waste and the Environment, pp. 23–57. Ann Arbor Sci., Ann Arbor.
Overbeck, J ., 1962. Untersuchungenzum Phosphathaushalt von Griinalgen: II. Die Verwertung von Pyrophosphat und or- ganisch gebundenen Phosphaten und ihre Beziehung zu den Phosphatasen vonScenedesmus quadricauda(Turp.) Brép. Arch. Hydrobiol. 58: 281–308.
Peters, R. H., 1976. Orthophosphate turnover in East African lakes. Oecologia (Ber.) 25: 313–319.
Rautanen, N. & Karkkainen, V., 1951. On the Phosphatase activity of low-phosphorusTorulopsis utilis. Acta Chem. Scand.8:106–111.
Raveh, A. & Aunimelech, Y., 1979. The total nitrogen analysis in water, soil and plant material with pursulphate oxidation. Water Research 13: 911–912.
Redfield, A. C., Ketchum, B. H. & Richards, F. A., 1963. The influence of organisms on the composition of sea-water. In: Hill, M. N. (ed.) The Sea, pp. 26–77. Wiley Interscience, New York.
Reichardt, W., 1971. Catalytic metabolism of phosphate in lake water and by Cyanophyta. Hydrobiologia 38: 377–394.
Reichardt, W., Overbeck, J. & Stenbing, L., 1967. Free dissolved enzymes in lake water. Nature 216: 1345–1347.
Rhee, G. Y., 1973. A continuous culture study of phosphate uptake, growth rate and polyphosphate inScenedesmus sp. J. Phycol. 9: 495–506.
Rigler, F. H., 1964. The phosphorus fractions and turnover time of phosphorus in different types of lakes. Limnol. Oceanogr. 9: 511–518.
Rigler, F. H., 1966. Radiobiological analysis of inorganic phosphorus in lake water. Verh. Internat. Verein. Limnol. 16: 465–470.
Rigler, F. H., 1968. Further observations inconsistent with the hypothesis that the molybdenum blue method measures in-organic phosphorus in lake water. Limnol. Oceanogr. 13: 7–13.
Rigler, F. H., 1973. A dynamic view of phosphorus in lakes. In: Griffith, E. et al. (eds.) Environmental Phosphorus Handbook, pp. 539–572. John Wiley & Sons, Toronto.
Rother, J. A. & Fay, P., 1979. Some physiological-biochemical characteristics of planktonic blue-green algae during bloom formation in three Salopian meres. Freshwater Biol. 9: 369–379.
Sakamoto, M ., 1966. Primary production by phytoplankton community in some Japanese lakes and its dependence on lake depth. Arch. Hydrobiol. 62: 1–25.
Schiemer, F., 1983. The Parakrama Samudra Project - scope and objectives. In: Schiemer, F. (ed.) Limnology of Parak¬rama Samudra - Sri Lanka: a case study of an ancient man-made lake in the tropics. Developments in Hydrobiology (this volume). Dr W. Junk, The Hague.
Schindler, D. W., 1976. Biogeochemical evolution of phosphorus limitation in nutrient-enriched lakes of the precambrian shield. In: Nriagu, J. O. (ed.) Environmental Biogeochemistry, pp. 647–664. Ann Arbor Sci., Ann Arbor.
Smith, R E. H. & Kalff, J., 1981. The effect of phosphorus limitation on algal growth rates: evidence from alkaline phosphatase. Can. J. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 38: 1421–1427.
Sproule, J. L. & Kalff, J., 1978. Seasonal cycles in the phyto¬plankton phosphorus status of a north temperate zone lake (Lake Memphremagog, Que.-Vt.), plus a comparison of techniques. Verh. Int. Ver. Limnol. 20: 2681–2688.
Strickland, J. D. H. & Parsons, T. R., 1968. A practical handbook of seawater analysis. Bull. Fish. Res. Board Can. 167.
Thomas, E. A., 1969. The process of eutrophication in central European lakes. In: Eutrophication: causes, concequences, correctives, pp. 29–49. Nat. Acad. Sci./ Nat. Res. Council Publ. 1700.
Torrani, A ., 1960. Influence of inorganic phosphate in the formation of phosphatases byE. coli. Biochim. Biophys. Acta 38: 460–469.
Uehlinger, U ., 1980. Untersuchungen zur Autoekologie der planktischen BlaualgaAphanizomenon flos-aquae. Ph.D. thesis, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Zurich
Viner, A. B ., 1973. Responses of a mixed phytoplankton population to nutrient enrichments of ammonia and phosphate, and some associated implications. Proc. R. Soc. Lond. B 183: 351–370.
Vollenweider, R. A., 1968. Scientific fundamentals of the eutro-phication of lakes and flowing waters with particular reference to nitrogen and phosphorus as factors in eutrophication. OECD, DAS/CSI/68.27, Paris.
Wetzel, R. G., 1975. Limnology. Saunders, Philadelphia. 743 pp.
Wetzel, R. G., 1981. Long-term dissolved and particulate alkaline phosphatase activity in a hardwater lake in relation to lake stability and phosphorus enrichments. Verh. Internat. Verein. Limnol. 21: 363–395.
Wynne, D., 1977. Alterations in activity of phosphatases during thePeridiniumbloom in Lake Kinneret. Physiol. Plant. 40: 219–224.
Wynne, D. & Berman, T., 1980. Hot water extractable phosphorus: an indicator of nutritional status of Peridinium cinctum (Dinopyceae) from Lake Kinneret? J. Phycol. 16: 40–46.
Wynne, D ., 1981a. Phosphorus, phosphatases and thePerideniumbloom in Lake Kinneret. Verh. Internat. Verein. Limnol. 21: 523–527.
Wynne, D., 1981b. The role of phosphatases in the metabolism ofPeridenium cinctum, from Lake Kinneret. Hydrobiologia 83: 93–99.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1983 Dr. W. Junk Publishers, The Hague
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Gunatilaka, A. (1983). Phosphorus and phosphatase dynamics in Parakrama Samudra based on diurnal observations. In: Schiemer, F. (eds) Limnology of Parakrama Samudra — Sri Lanka. Developments in Hydrobiology, vol 12. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-7281-0_4
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-7281-0_4
Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht
Print ISBN: 978-94-009-7283-4
Online ISBN: 978-94-009-7281-0
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive