Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in
Book cover

Biological nitrogen fixation in forest ecosystems: foundations and applications pp 89–106Cite as

Isolation and culture of nitrogen-fixing organisms

  • Chapter

Part of the book series: Forestry Sciences ((FOSC,volume 9))

Abstract

Dinitrogen-fixing microorganisms, living in symbiosis with host plants, play a major role in restoring nitrogen to agricultural and forest soils. While legumes are widely used in agriculture, actinorhizal or non-leguminous plants are the dominant nitrogen-fixing species in forest ecosystems. These woody plants include a variety of trees and shrubs which harbor the nitrogen-fixing endophyte in root nodules (1). Many actinorhizal plants fix atmospheric nitrogen at rates comparable to the legumes and consequently play an important role in replenishing nitrogen in forest soils (2, 3, 4, 5).

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.

Chapter
USD   29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD   169.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD   219.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD   219.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Learn about institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. Bond G: The results of the IBP survey of root-nodule formation in non-leguminous angiosperms. In: Symbiotic nitrogen fixation in plants, Nutman PS (ed), IBP7, Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 1976, p 443–474.

    Google Scholar 

  2. Berg A, Doerksen A: Natural fertilization of a heavily thinned Douglas-fir stand by understory red alder. Corvallis, Res Note No 56, Forest Research Laboratory, Oregon State University, 1975, p 3.

    Google Scholar 

  3. Miller RE, Murray MD: The effects of red alder on growth of Douglas-fir. In: Utilization and management of alder, Briggs DG, DeBell DS, Atkinson WA (eds), Portland, Oregon. USDA Forest Service Gen Tech Report PNW-70, 1978, p 283–306.

    Google Scholar 

  4. Newton M, El Hassen BA, Zavitkovski J : Role of red alder in western Oregon forest succession. In: Biology of alder, Trappe JM, Franklin JF, Tarrant RF and Hansen GM (eds), Portland, Oregon. Pacific Northwest Forest and Range Exp Stn, 1968, p 73–84.

    Google Scholar 

  5. Tarrant RF, Miller RE: Accumulation of organic matter and soil nitrogen beneath a plantation of red alder and Douglas-fir. Soil Sci Soc Amer Proc 27: 231–234, 1963.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. Burns RC, Hardy RWF: Nitrogen fixation in bacteria and higher plants New York, SpringerVerlag, 1975.

    Google Scholar 

  7. Borm L: Die Wurzelknöllchen von Hippophaë rhamnoides und Alnus glutinosa. Bot Arch 31: 441–488, 1931.

    Google Scholar 

  8. Krebber O: Untersuchungen über die Wurzelknöllchen der Erle. Arch Mikrobiol 3: 588–608, 1932.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. Youngberg CT, Hu L: Root nodules on mountain mahogany. Forest Sci 18: 211–212, 1972.

    Google Scholar 

  10. Lalonde M, Knowles R, Fortin JA: Demonstration of the isolation of a noninfective Alnus crispa v. mollis Fern, nodule endophyte by morphological, immunolabelling and whole cell composition studies. Can J Microbiol 21: 1901–1920, 1975.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. Callaham D, Del Tredici P, Torrey JG: Isolation and cultivation in vitro of the actinomycete causing root nodulation in Comptonia. Science 199: 899–902, 1978.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. Baker D, Torrey JG, Kidd GH: Isolation by sucrose-density fractionation and cultivation in vitro of actinomycetes from nitrogen-fixing root nodules. Nature 281: 76–78, 1979.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. Berry A, Torrey JG: Isolation and characterization in vivo and in vitro of an actinomycetous endophyte from Alnus rubra Bong. In: Symbiotic nitrogen fixation in the management of temperate forests, Gordon JC, Wheeler CT, Perry DA (eds), Corvallis, Forest Research Laboratory, Oregon State university, 1979, p 69–83.

    Google Scholar 

  14. Lechevalier M, Lechevalier H: The taxonomic position of the actinomycetic endophytes. In: Symbiotic nitrogen fixation in the management of temperate forests, Gordon JC, Wheeler CT, Perry DA (eds), Corvallis, Forest Research Laboratory, Oregon State University, 1979, p 111–123.

    Google Scholar 

  15. Cline GB, Ryel RB: Zonal Centrifugation. In: Methods in enzymology Vol XXII Enzyme purification and related techniques, Jakoby WB (ed), New York, Academic Press, 1971, p 168–204.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  16. Wheeler CT, Lawrie AC: Nitrogen fixation in root nodules of alder and pea in relation to the rupply of photosynthetic assimilates. In: Symbiotic nitrogen fixation in plants, Nutman PS (ed), Cambridge, Cambridge University Press, 1976, p 497–510.

    Google Scholar 

  17. Bottomley WB: The root nodules of Ceanothus americanus. Ann Bot 29: 605–610, 1915.

    Google Scholar 

  18. Pommer E: Über die isolierung des endophyten aus den wurzelknöllchen von Ainus glutinosa Gaertn. und über erfolgreiche reinfektionsversuche. Deutsch Bot Gesell 72: 138–150, 1959.

    Google Scholar 

  19. Wollum AG II, Youngberg GT, Gilmour CM: Characterization of a Streptomyces sp. isolated from root nodules of Ceanothus velutinus Dougl. Soil Sci Soc Am Proc 30: 463–467, 1966.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. Johnson LF, Curl EA: Methods for research on the ecology of soilborne plant pathogens Minneapolis, Burgess Publishing Company, 1972.

    Google Scholar 

  21. Burggraaf AJP, Quispel A, Tak T, Yalstar J: Methods of isolation and cultivation of Frankia species from actinorhizas. Plant and Soil 61: 157–168, 1981.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  22. Baker D, Torrey JG: The isolation and cultivation of actinomycetous root nodule endophytes. In: Symbiotic nitrogen fixation in the management of temperate forests, Gordon JC, Wheeler CT, Perry DA (eds), Corvallis, Forest Research Laboratory, Oregon State University 1979, p 38–56.

    Google Scholar 

  23. Quispel A: Symbiotic nitrogen fixation in non-leguminous plants. V. The growth requirements of the endophyte of Alnus glutinosa. Acta Bot Neerl 9: 380–396, 1960.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. Lalonde M, Calvert HE: Production of Frankia hyphae and spores as an infective inoculant for Alnus species. In: Symbiotic nitrogen fixation in the management of temperate forests, Gordon J, Wheeler CT, Perry DA (eds), Corvallis, Forest Research Laboratory, Oregon State University 1979, p 95–110.

    Google Scholar 

  25. Blom J, Roelofsen W, Akkermans ADL: Growth of Frankia Avcll on media containing Tween 80 as C-source FEMS Microbiol Lett 9: 131–135, 1980.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  26. Blom J, Harkink R: Metabolic pathways for gluconeogenesis and energy generation in Frankia AvcI1. FEMS Microbiol Lett 11: 221–224, 1981.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  27. Tjepkema JD, Ormerod W, Torrey JG: Vesicle formation and acetylene reduction activity in Frankia sp. CPI1 cultured in defined nutrient media. Nature 287: 633–635, 1980.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  28. Lechevalier MP, Horriere F, Lechevalier H: The biology of Frankia and related organisms. In: Developments in Industrial Microbiology 23, Underkofler LA (ed), Arlington Va. 22209. Society for Industrial Microbiology 1982, p 51–60.

    Google Scholar 

  29. Vincent JM: A manual for the practical study of root-nodule bacteria IBP Handbook No. 15, London, Blackwell Scientific Publications, 1970.

    Google Scholar 

  30. Pridham TG, Lyons AJ: Methodologies for Actinomycetales with special reference to Strepto- mycetes and Streptoverticillia. In: Actinomycete Taxonomy SIM Special Publication No. 6, Dietz A, Thayer DW (eds) Arlington VA 22209. Society for Industrial Microbiology 1980, p 152–224.

    Google Scholar 

  31. Hatt H (ed): Laboratory manual on preservation freezing and freezedrying as applied to algae, bacteria, fungi and protozoa Rockville, Maryland, American Type Culture Collection, 1980.

    Google Scholar 

  32. Jensen HL: The viability of lucerne rhizobia in soil culture. Nature 192: 682, 1961.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  33. Monaco PA, Ching TM, Ching KK: Rooting of Alnus rubra cuttings. Tree Planters Notes 31(3): 22–24, 1980.

    Google Scholar 

  34. Trappe JM: Strong hydrogen peroxide for sterilizing coats of tree seed and stimulating germination. J For 59: 828–829, 1961.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  35. Davis BD, Dulbecco R, Eisen HN, Ginsberg HS: Microbiology 3rd Ed. Hagerstown, Harper and Row 1980, p 7.

    Google Scholar 

  36. Bergersen FJ (ed): Methods for evaluating biological nitrogen fixation Chichester, John Wiley and Sons, 1980.

    Google Scholar 

  37. Quispel A (ed): The biology of nitrogen fixation. Frontiers of biology Vol 33 Amsterdam, North- Holland Publishing Company, 1974.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Weyerhaeuser Technology Center, Tacoma, WA, 98477, USA

    Carolyn V. Carpenter & Linda R. Robertson

Authors
  1. Carolyn V. Carpenter
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Linda R. Robertson
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Oregon State University, Corvallis, USA

    J. C. Gordon

  2. The University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK

    C. T. Wheeler

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1983 Martinus Nijhoff/Dr W. Junk Publishers, The Hague/Boston/London

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Carpenter, C.V., Robertson, L.R. (1983). Isolation and culture of nitrogen-fixing organisms. In: Gordon, J.C., Wheeler, C.T. (eds) Biological nitrogen fixation in forest ecosystems: foundations and applications. Forestry Sciences, vol 9. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-6878-3_4

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-6878-3_4

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht

  • Print ISBN: 978-94-009-6880-6

  • Online ISBN: 978-94-009-6878-3

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation