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Biological nitrogen fixation in forest ecosystems: foundations and applications pp 7–53Cite as

Morphology of nitrogen fixers in forest ecosystems

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Part of the book series: Forestry Sciences ((FOSC,volume 9))

Abstract

In nature the element nitrogen is available in large quantities in various inorganic and organic forms. Most of it is present in the stable form of atmospheric N2; a minor fraction of the nitrogen is present either in the reduced ionic form, ammonium \(\text{(NH}_4^ + ) \), or in forms with different levels of oxidation: volatile N-oxides (N2O, NO and NO2), and the ionic forms, nitrite \(\text{(NO}_2^ - ) \) and nitrate \(\text{(NO}_3^ - ) \).

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  1. Laboratory of Microbiology, Agricultural University, Hesselink van Suchtelenweg 4, 6703 CT, Wageningen, The Netherlands

    A. D. L. Akkermans & A. Houwers

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  1. A. D. L. Akkermans
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  1. Oregon State University, Corvallis, USA

    J. C. Gordon

  2. The University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK

    C. T. Wheeler

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© 1983 Martinus Nijhoff/Dr W. Junk Publishers, The Hague/Boston/London

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Akkermans, A.D.L., Houwers, A. (1983). Morphology of nitrogen fixers in forest ecosystems. In: Gordon, J.C., Wheeler, C.T. (eds) Biological nitrogen fixation in forest ecosystems: foundations and applications. Forestry Sciences, vol 9. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-6878-3_2

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