Abstract
The principles of X-ray and neutron diffraction studies of molecular liquids are presented. The measured liquid structure factor SM(Q) provides detailed information on the conformation of the molecular unit which is interpreted through the molecular form-factor f1 (Q). The structural characteristics of the liquid are contained in the term DM(Q) which may be transformed to give a real-space representation dL(r) which contains a weighted-sum of the partial pair-correlation functions, 9αβ(r).
Examples of current work are given starting with relatively sample systems such as liquids composed of homo-nuclear diatomic molecules (N2, O2, Cl2, Br2 etc). Other types of molecular species are presented with illustrative examples of the way in which the experimental observations may be interpreted. The use of isotopic substitution in neutron diffraction measurements is described and the special case of hydrogen/deuterium substitution is briefly treated. The particular case of liquids which exhibit strong hydrogen-bonding is discussed in relation to temperature variation studies of water.
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Dore, J.C. (1984). Structural Studies of Molecular Liquids by Neutron and X-Ray Diffraction. In: Barnes, A.J., Orville-Thomas, W.J., Yarwood, J. (eds) Molecular Liquids. NATO ASI Series, vol 135. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-6463-1_13
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