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Breeding Crops for Environmental Stress Tolerance

  • Chapter
Book cover Applications of Genetic Engineering to Crop Improvement

Part of the book series: Advances in Agricultural Biotechnology ((AABI,volume 10))

Abstract

Historically, farmers have used a trial and error approach in selecting the crops that they grow, choosing particular crops because they perform well under their climatic and field conditions. Plant breeders have expended considerable effort to develop high-yielding cultivars of those crops which are adapted to relatively optimal environments. Through these endeavors the efficiency of food production has improved steadily. But as the demand for food and fiber increases, the impact of fluctuating environments becomes increasingly important. It is the sensitivity of our crop plants to environmental stresses which limits their climatic distribution and time of year for production. In many areas of the world, the environmental milieu is marginal, or totally unsuited for economic production of crop plants. Even in areas normally suited to these crops, sensitivity to sporadic environmental insults at critical periods during plant growth and development also results in losses. The intense one (or two)-crop agriculture practiced in certain areas of many developed countries is particularly vulnerable to short-term fluctuations in the environment; the crops used having been selected for genetic uniformity and developed for optimal conditions. Breeding crops for high yield potential will undoubtedly continue as a preeminent breeding objective. The importance of yield stability across different environmental regimes, however, is gaining interest. Can crop resiliency to environmental stresses be improved by plant breeding? This question provides the focus for the ensuing discussion.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Vegetable Crops, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, USA

    Richard A. Jones

  2. Department of Agronomy and Range Science, University of California, Davis, CA, 95616, USA

    Calvin O. Qualset

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  1. Richard A. Jones
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA

    Glenn B. Collins

  2. United AgriSeeds Inc, Champaign, Illinois, USA

    Joseph G. Petolino

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© 1984 Martinus Nijhoff/Dr W. Junk Publishers, Dordrecht

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Jones, R.A., Qualset, C.O. (1984). Breeding Crops for Environmental Stress Tolerance. In: Collins, G.B., Petolino, J.G. (eds) Applications of Genetic Engineering to Crop Improvement. Advances in Agricultural Biotechnology, vol 10. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-6207-1_10

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