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Insulin Receptors in Disorders of Glucose Tolerance and Insulin Sensitivity

  • Chapter
Receptor Regulation

Part of the book series: Receptors and Recognition ((WOCS))

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Abstract

It has long been known that glucose stimulates the β-cells of the pancreas to release insulin which acts on target cells to promote glucose utilization and storage. Moreover, only glucose could be measured so that the system was oversimplified — hyperglycemia was due to insulin deficiency and hypoglycemia was due to insulin excess. With the advent of insulin radioimmunoassay it became clear that only a minority of patients conform to this scheme (Yalow and Berson, 1960). The diabetics who are truly insulin-requiring are indeed insulin-deficient, but the majority of hyperglycemic patients are not absolutely insulin-dependent and have normal or supernormal concentrations of circulating insulin. Since the plasma insulin in these subjects was shown not to be bound to any macromolecules (e.g. to insulin antibodies or to other binding proteins) and was qualitatively normal, these patients had insulin resistance at the tissue level.

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Authors
  1. Emmanuel van Obberghen
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  2. Flora de Pablo
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  3. Jesse Roth
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Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA

    R. J. Lefkowitz (Professor of Medicine) (Professor of Medicine)

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© 1981 Chapman and Hall

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van Obberghen, E., de Pablo, F., Roth, J. (1981). Insulin Receptors in Disorders of Glucose Tolerance and Insulin Sensitivity. In: Lefkowitz, R.J. (eds) Receptor Regulation. Receptors and Recognition. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-5822-7_7

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-5822-7_7

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht

  • Print ISBN: 978-94-009-5824-1

  • Online ISBN: 978-94-009-5822-7

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

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