Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Dilution of the Urine

  • Chapter
Examination of Kidney Function

Part of the book series: Developments in Nephrology ((DINE,volume 4))

  • 149 Accesses

Abstract

As with renal concentrating capacity, investigation of the ability of the kidney to dilute urine was introduced at the beginning of this century by Volhard (1910). Clinical experience with this investigation demonstrated, however, that inability of the kidneys adequately to decrease osmolality (as measured by urea) and specific gravity occurred, or was measurable, only in the late stages of chronic renal disease. This resulted in some degree of abandonment of this test in chronic renal disease since there was not the advantage to be gained of early diagnosis of functional impairment, nor was there any great value in differential diagnosis (Nonnenbruch 1941). This development is in sharp contrast with the increase in use and importance of the opposite test — concentrating capacity.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
eBook
USD 16.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 16.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  • Balment, R. J., Jones, I. C., Henderson, I. W. et al.: Effects of adrenalectomy and hypophysectomy on water and electrolyte metabolism in male and female rats with inherited hypothalamic diabetes insipidus. (Brattleboro strain). J. Endocrinol. 71: 193, 1976

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Anderson, B.: Regulation of body fluids. Ann. Rev. Physiol. 39: 185, 1977

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Berliner, R. W., Davidson, P. G.: Production of hypertonic urine in the abscence of pituitary anti-diuretic hormone. J. clin. Invest. 36: 1416, 1957

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Bray, J. A.: Freezing point depression of rat kidney slices during water diuresis and antidiuresis. Am. J. Physiol. 199: 15, 1960

    Google Scholar 

  • Cohen, L. F., diSant’agnese, P. A., Taylor et al.: The syndrome of inappropriate antidiuretic hormone secretion as a cause of hyponatremia in cystic fibrosis. J. Pediatrics 4: 574, 1977

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Coscia, M., Brown, R. D., Miller, M. et al.: Ectopic production of antidiuretic hormone (ADH), adrenocorticotrophic hormone (ACTH) and beta-melanocyte stimulating hormone by an oat cell carcinoma of the lung. Am. J. Med. 62: 303, 1977

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Dontas: Mechanism of renal tubular defect in old age. Postgrad. med. J. 48: 293, 1972

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Dousa, T. P., Valtin, H.: Action of antidiuretic hormone in mice with inherited vasopressin-resistant urinary concentration defects. J. clin. Invest. 54: 753, 1974

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Dousa, T. P.: Cellular actions of vasopressin in the mammalian kidney. Kidney int. 10: 46, 1976

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Dunn, M. J., Hood, V. L.: Prostaglandins and the kidney. Am. J. Physiol. 2: F 169, 1977

    Google Scholar 

  • Erben, J., Schück, O., Zahradník, J., Nádvorníková, H.: Osmolarita residuální moči nemocných v pravidelném dialysačním programu. Čas. Lék. Čes.120, 1206, 1981

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Fanestil, D. D.: Hypoosmolar syndrome. In: Disturbances in body fluid osmolality. Ed. T. E. Andreoti, J. J. Grantham, F. C. Rector Jr. Bethesda, Am. Physiol. Soc. 1977, 267 — 284

    Google Scholar 

  • Fichman, M. P.: Disorders of renal concentration and dilution: hyponatremia and hypernatremia. In: Current Nephrology, Vol. 2 Ed. H. C. Gonick Boston Houghton Mifflin Prof. Publ., 1978, 145–261

    Google Scholar 

  • Gottschalk, C. W., Mylle: Micropuncture study of mammalian urinary concentrating mechanism: evidence for the countercurrent hypothesis. Am. J. Physiol. 196: 927, 1959

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Johnson, M. D., Malvin, R. L.: Stimulation of renal sodium reabsorption by angiotensin II. Am. J. Physiol. 1: F 198, 1977

    Google Scholar 

  • Leaf, A., Frazier, H. S.: Some recent studies on the action of neurohypophyseal hormones. Progr. Cardiovase. Dis. 4: 47, 1961

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Nádvorníková, H.: Konzentrations- und Dilutionsfähigkeit bei Erwachsenen und im Alter. Z. ges. inn. Med.24: 810, 1968

    Google Scholar 

  • Nonnenbruch, W.: Über die Beurteilung der Nierenfunktion in der Praxis. Med. Welt 577, 1941

    Google Scholar 

  • Orloff, J., Handler, J.: The role of adenosine 3′, 5′ — phosphate in the action of antidiuretic hormone. Am. J. Med. 42: 757, 1967

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Padfield, P. L., Morton, J. J., Brown, J. J. et al. Plasma arginine vasopressin in the syndrome of antidiuretic hormone excess associated with bronchogenic carcinoma. Am. J. Med. 61: 825, 1976

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Randall, R. V., Clark, E. C., Bahn, R. C.: Classification of the causes of diabetes insipidus. Proc. Mayo Clin. 34: 299, 1959

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Robertson, G. L., Athar, S., Shelton, R. L·: Osmotic control of vasopressin function. In: Disturbances in body fluid osmolality. Eds. T. E. Andreoti, J. J. Grantham, F. C. Rector Jr. Bethesda, Amer. Physiol. Soc. 1977, 125 - 148

    Google Scholar 

  • Rodriguez-Soriano, J., Vallo, A., Castillo, G., Oliveros, R.: Renal handling of water and sodium in children with proximal and distal renal tubular acidosis. Nephron 25: 193, 1980

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ross, L. S., Franki, N., Hays, R. M.: Independent control of water and urea transport. Kidney int. (abstr.) 10: 597, 1976

    Google Scholar 

  • Schafer, J. A., Andreoli, Th. E.: The effect of antidiuretic hormone on solute flows in mammalian collecting tubules. J. clln. Invest. 51: 1279, 1972

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Schrier, R. W., Berl, T., Anderson, R. J. et al. Nonosmolar control of renal water excretion. In: Disturbances in body fluid osmolality. Eds. T. E. Andreoti, J. J. Grantham, F. C. Rector Jr. Bethesda, Amer. Physiol. Soc. 1977, 149 - 178

    Google Scholar 

  • Seif, S. M., Zenser, T. V., Huellmantel, A. B. et al.: Elevated plasma vasopressin in impaired renal cyclic nucleotide generation in myxedematous rats. Endocrine Society (Abstr.) 1977, p. 243

    Google Scholar 

  • Smith, H. W.: The kidney; structure and function in health and disease. New York, Oxford Univ. Press, 1951

    Google Scholar 

  • Smith, H. W.: Principles of renal physiology. New York, Oxford Univ. Press, 1956

    Google Scholar 

  • Schwartz, I. L., Rasmussen, H., Schoessler, M. A., Silver, L., Fong, C. T. O.: Relation of chemical attachment to physiological action of vasopressin. Proc. nat. Acad. Sci 46: 1288, 1960

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Thibonnier, M. J., Marchetti, J. P., Corvoli, P. L., Menard, J. E., Sire, O. G., Militez, P. L.: Influence of previous diuretic intake on the humoral and hormonal profile of idiopathic oedema. Europ. J. clin. Invest. 11: 19, 1981

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Thomas, T. H., Lee, M. R.: The specifity of antisera for the radioimmunoassay of arginine-vaso-pressin in human plasma and urine during water loading and dehydration. Clin. Sci. mol. Med. 51: 525, 1976

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Ullrich, K. J., Jarausch, K. H.: Untersuchungen zum Problem der Harnkonzentrierung und Harnverdünnung. Pflüger’s Arch. ges. Physiol. 267: 207, 1956

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Urakabe, S., Takamitsu, Y., Shirai, D., Yuassa, S., Kimura, G., Orita, Y., Abe, H.: Effect of different prostaglandins on the permeability of the toad urinary bladder. Comp. Biochem. Physiol. 52: 1, 1975

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Verney, E. B.: Antidiuretic hormone and factors which determine its release. Proc. roy. Soc. Med.135: 25, 1947

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Volhard, F.: Über defunktionelle Untersuchung der Schrumpfnieren. Verh. dtsch. Ges. inn. Med.27: 735, 1910

    Google Scholar 

  • Walker, A. M., Bott, P. A., Oliver, J., McDowell, M. C.: The collection and analysis of fluid from single nephrons of the mammalian kidney. Am. J. Physiol. 134: 580, 1941

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Walker, L., Whorton, R., France, R. et al.: Antidiuretic hormone increased renal prostaglandin E2 production in rats (Brattelboro) with hereditary hypothalamic diabetes insipidus. Fed. Proc. 36: 402, 1977

    Google Scholar 

  • Wirz, H., Hargitay, B., Kuhn, W.: Lokalisation des Konzentrierungsprozesses in der Niere durch direkte Kryoskopie. Helv. physiol. pharmacol. Acta9: 196, 1951

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wirz, H.: Der osmotische Druck der corticalen Tubuli der Rattenniere. Helv. physiol. pharmacol. Acta 14: 353, 1956

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Wohltmann, J., Halushka, P. V., Privitera, P. J. et al.: Effects of indomethacin on fluid intake, urine volume, urine prostaglandin E like material and kallikrein in vasopressin resistant diabetes insipidus. Pediatr. Res. 11: 433, 1977

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Zusman, R. M., Keiser, H. R.: Prostaglandin biosynthesis by rabbit renomedullary interstitial cells in tissue cultures: stimulation by angiotensin II, bradykinin, and arginine vasopressin. J. clin. Invest. 60: 215, 1977

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic

    O. Schück

Authors
  1. O. Schück
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1984 Martinus Nijhoff Publishers, Boston

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Schück, O. (1984). Dilution of the Urine. In: Examination of Kidney Function. Developments in Nephrology, vol 4. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-5660-5_6

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-5660-5_6

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht

  • Print ISBN: 978-94-010-8997-5

  • Online ISBN: 978-94-009-5660-5

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation