Abstract
Investigation of the excretion of Ca and phosphates, as well as measurements of plasma concentrations, has taken on momentum in recent years. This is because: a) many patients with lithiasis also have hypercalciuria. The latter can have many metabolic causes but there may also be a primary defect in the renal excretion of Ca. b) Since in recent years there has been considerable progress in the management of chronic renal failure, abnormalities of Ca and bone metabolism complicate the state of such patients. Therefore the nephrologist must not only concentrate his attention on purely renal disease, but also on wider metabolic problems.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Anner, B., Moosmayer, M.: Rapid determination of inorganic phosphate in biological systems by a highly sensitive photometric method. Analyt. Biochem. 65: 305, 1975
Anderson, J.: A method for estimating Tm for phosphate in man. J. Physiol. (London) 130: 268, 1955
Archer, H. E., Dormer, A. E., Scowen, E. F., Watts, R. F.: Studies on the urinary excretion of oxalate by normal subjects. Clin. Sci. 16: 405, 1957
Barragry, J. M., Carter, N. D., Beer, M. et al.: Vitamin D metabolism in nephrotic syndrome. Lancet 2: 629, 1977
Better, O. S., Kleeman, C. R., Gonic, H. C., Varady, P. D., Maxwell, M. H.: Renal handling of calcium, magnesium, and inorganic phosphate in chronic renal failure. Isr. J. med. Sci 3: 60, 1967
Bijvoet, O. L. M.: Relation of plasma phosphate concentration to renal tubular reabsorption of phosphate. Clin. Sci. 37: 23, 1969
Bordier, P., Ryckewart, A., Gueris, J., Rassmussen, H.: On the pathogenesis of so-called idiopathic hypercalciuria. Am. J. Med. 63: 298, 1977
Coe, F. L.: Treated and untreated recurrent calcium nephrolithiasis in patients with idiopathic hypercalciuria, hyperuricosuria or metabolic disorder. Ann. Intern. Med. 87: 404, 1977
Coe, F. L.: Hyperuricosuric calcium exalate nephrolithiasis. Kidney int. 13: 418, 1978
Epstein, F. H., Rivera, M, J., Carone, F. A.: The effect of hypercalcaemia induced by calciferol upon renal concentrating ability. J. clin. Invest. 37: 1702, 1958
Frick, A., Durasin, I.: Maximal reabsorptive capacity for inorganic phosphate (TmiP) in the absence of parathyroid hormone in the rat: decrease of the PmiP during prolonged administration of phosphate and the role of calcium. Pflüger’s Arch. ges. Physiol. 377: 9, 1978
Gray, R. W., Wilz, D. R., Caldar, A. E., Lemann, J. Jr.: The importance of phosphate in regulating plasma 1.25 (OH)2-vitamin D level in humans: studies in healthy subjects, in calcium stone formers and in patients with primary hyperparathyroidism. J. clin. Endocrinol. Metab. 45: 299, 1977
Gomori, G.: A modification of the colorimetric phosphorus determination for use with the photoelectric colorimeter. J. lab. clin. Med. 27: 955, 1942
Griffith, D. P.: Struvite stones. Kidney int. 13, 372, 1978
Harrington, J. T., Cohen, J. J.: Clinical disorders of urine concentration and dilution. Arch. interm. Med. 131: 810, 1973
Hodgkinson, A., Pyrah, L. N.: The urinary excretion of calcium and inorganic phosphate in 344 patients with calcium stone of renal origin. Brit. J. Surg. 46: 10, 1958
Kallner, A.: Determination of phosphate in serum and urine by a single step malachite-green method. Clin. chim. Acta 59: 35, 1975
Kleeman, C. R., Better, O. Massry, S. G., Maxwell, M. H.: Divalent ion metabolism and osteodystrophy in chronic renal failure. Yale J. Biol. Med. 40: 1, 1967
Lang, F.: Renal handling of Calcium and Phosphate. Klin. Wochenschr. 58: 985, 1980
Lassiter, W. E., Gottschalk, C. W., Mylle, M.: Micropuncture study of renal tubular reabsorption of calcium in normal rodents. Am. J. Physiol. 204: 771, 1963
Massry, S. G., Coburn, J. W., Lee, D. N. B., Jowsey, J., Kleeman, C. R.: Skeletal resistance to parathyroid hormone in renal failure. Study in 105 human subjects. Ann. iniern. Med. 78: 357, 1973
Massry, S. G., Coburn, J. W., Peacock, M., Kleeman, C. R.: Turnover of endogenous parathyroid hormone in uremic patients and those undergoing hamodialysis. Trans. am. Soc. artif. intern. Organs 18: 416, 1972
Muldowney, F. P.: Diagnostic approach to hypercalciuris. Kidney int. 16: 637, 1979
Nordin, B. E. C., Peacock, M.: Hypercalciuria. Proc. int. Symp. on renal stone research Madrid. Basel, Karger, 1972 pp. 119–129
Oberleithner, H., Lang, F., Greger, R., Sporer, H.: Influence of calcium and ionophore 23187 on tubular phosphate reabsorption. Pflüger’s Arch. ges. Physiol. 379: 37, 1979
Pak, Ch. Y. C., Britton, F., Peterson, R. Ward, D., Northcutt, Ch., Breslau, N. E., McGuire, J., Sakhall, K., Bush, S., Nicar, M., Norman, D. A., Peters, P.: Ambulatory evaluation of nephrolithiasis. Am. J. Med. 69: 19, 1980
Pak, C. Y. C., Kaplan, R. A., Bone, H., Townsend, J., Walters, O.: A simple test for diagnosis of absorptive, resorptive and renal hypercalciuria. N. Engl. J. Med. 292: 497, 1975
Pitts, R. F., Alexander, R. S.: The renal reabsorptive mechanism for inorganic phosphate in normal and acidotic dogs. Am. J. Physiol. 142: 648, 1944
Popovtzer, M. M., Massry, S. G., Makoff, D. L., Maxwell, M. H., Kleeman, C. R.: Renal handling of phosphate in patients with chronic renal failure. Isr. J. med. Sci 5: 1018, 1969
Popovtzer, M. M., Schainack, L. I., Massry, S. G., Kleeman, C. R.: Divalent ion excretion in chronic kidney disease: relation to degree of renal insufficiency. Clin. Sci. 38: 297, 1970
Schmidt-Gayk, H., Schmitt, W., Grauwunder, C. et al: 25-hydroxy-vitamin D in nephrotic syndrome. Lancet 2: 105, 1977
Slatopolsky, E., Gradowska, L., Kashemsant, C. et al.: The control of phosphate excretion in uremia. J. clin. Invest. 45: 672, 1966
Slatopolsky, E., Robson, M., Elkan, I., Bricker, N. S.: Control of phosphate excretion in uremic man. J. clin. Invest. 47: 1865, 1968
Slatopolsky, E., Rutherford, E., Hoffsten, P. E. et ah: Nonsuppressible secondary hyperparathyroidism in chronic progressive renal disease. Kidney int. 1: 38, 1972
Sotorník, I., Schück, O., Stříbrná, J.: Influence of diuretics on renal calcium excretion. Experientia 25: 591, 1969
Stamp, T. C. B., Stacey, T. E.: Evaluation of theoretical renal phosphorus threshold as an index of renal phosphorus handling. Clin. Sci. 39: 505, 1970
Suki, W. N.: Renal handling of calcium. Contr. Nephrol. 23: 1, 1980
Suki, W. N.: Hypercalciuria: Diagnosis and management. Contr. Nephrol. 23: 21–33, 1980
Summer, J. B.: A method for the colorimetric determination of phosphorus. Science 100: 413, 1944
Ullrich, K. J., Rumrich, G., Klass, S.: Active Ca++ reabsorption in the proximal tubule of the rat kidney. Pflüger’s Arch. ges. Physiol. 364: 223, 1976
Walser, M.: Calcium clearance as a function of sodium clearance in the dog. Am. J. Physiol. 200: 1099, 1961
Wen, S. F., Boynar, J. W., Stoll, R. W.: Effects of volume expansion on phosphate transport in uremic dogs. Proc. Am. Soc. Nephrol. 9: 7, 1976
Williams, H. E.: Oxalic acid and hyperoxaluric syndromes. Kidney int. 13: 410, 1978
Yendt, E. R.: Renali calculi. Can. Med. Ass. J. 102: 479, 1970
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1984 Martinus Nijhoff Publishers, Boston
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Schück, O. (1984). Excretion of Calcium and Phosphate. In: Examination of Kidney Function. Developments in Nephrology, vol 4. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-5660-5_11
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-5660-5_11
Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht
Print ISBN: 978-94-010-8997-5
Online ISBN: 978-94-009-5660-5
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive