Abstract
In the late 1960s, attention focused on the persistence of poverty and of income differentials on the basis of sex and (especially) race. Neoclassical economic theorists such as Becker (1957) held that such differentials were the results of tastes for discrimination that were uneconomic and, thus, that they would tend to be eroded by the forces of competition. Another branch of standard economic theory, once again led by Becker (1964), held that poverty and racial differentials in income stemmed heavily from differences in human capital. This implied that improved education and training programs should enable poverty and racial differentials to be reduced.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution.
Buying options
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Learn about institutional subscriptionsPreview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Andrisani, Paul James. An Empirical Analysis of the Dual Labor Market Theory. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, Ohio State University, 1973.
Anthias, Floya. “Women and the Reserve Army of Labour: A Critique of Veronica Beechey.” Capital and Class (Spring, 1980) 50–63.
Averitt, Robert T. The Dual Economy: The Dynamics of American Industry Structure. New York: Horton, 1968.
Banfield, Edward C. The Unheavenly City. Boston: Little, Brown, 1970.
Baran, Paul, and Sweezy, Paul. Monopoly Capital. New York: Monthly Review Press, 1965.
Beck, E.M., Horan, Patrick M., and Tolbert, Charles M., II. “Stratification in a Dual Economy: A Sectoral Model of Earnings Determination.” American Sociological Review (October 1978), 704–720.
— “Industrial Segmentation and Labor Market Discrimination.” Social Problems (December 1980), 113–130.
Becker, Gary S. The Economics of Discrimination. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1957.
Human Capital. New York: Columbia University Press, 1964.
Beechey, Veronica. “Some Notes on Female Wage Labour.” Capital and Class (1977).
Berger, Suzanne, and Piore, Michael J. Dualism and Discontinuity in Industrial Societies. New York: Cambridge University Press, 1981.
Birnbaum, Howard. “The Economic Effect of Career Origins.” In Richard C. Edwards, Michael Reich, and David M. Gordon (eds.) Labor Market Segmentation. Lexington, Mass.: Lexington Books, 1975, 151–171.
Blaug, Mark. “The Empirical Status of Human Capital Theory: A Slightly Jaundiced Survey.” The Journal of Economic Literature (September 1976), 827–855.
Bluestone, Barry. “The Tripartite Economy: Labor Markets and the Working Poor.” Poverty and Human Resources (July/August 1970), 15–35.
The Characteristics of Marginal Industries.” In David M. Gordon (ed.) Problems in Political Economy: An Urban Perspective. 2d edition. Lexington, Mass.: D.C. Heath, 1977, 97–102.
Bluestone, Barry, Murphy, William M., and Stevenson, Mary. Low Wages and the Working Poor. Ann Arbor: Institute of Labor and Industrial Relations, 1973.
Borus, Michael E. “Assesing the Impact of Training Programs.” In Eli Ginzberg (ed.) Employing the Unemployed. New York: Basic Books, 1980, 25–40.
Bowles, Samuel, and Gintis, Herbert. “The Problem with Human Capital Theory — A Marxian Critique.” American Economic Review (May 1975), 74–82.
— “The Marxian Theory of Value and Heterogeneous Labor: A Critique and Reformulation.” Cambridge Journal of Economics (June 1977), 173–192.
Braverman, Harry. Labor and Monopoly Capital. New York: Monthly Review Press, 1974.
Brenner, Robert. “Agrarian Class Structure and Economic Development in Pre-Industrial Europe.” Past and Present (February 1976), 30–75.
Bridges, William P. “Industry Marginality and Female Employment: A New Appraisal.” American Sociological Review (February 1980), 58–75.
Buchele, Robert Kent. Jobs and Workers: A Labor Market Segmentation Perspective on the Work Experience of Young Men. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, Harvard University, 1976.
Cain, Glen G. “The Challenge of Segmented Labor Market Theories to Orthodox Theory: A Survey.” The Journal of Economic Literature (December 1976), 1215–1257.
Doeringer, Peter B., and Piore, Michael J. Internal Labor Markets and Manpower Analysis. Lexington, Mass: Lexington Books, 1971.
Unemployment and the’Dual Labor Market.’” The Public Interest (Winter 1974), 67–79.
Domhoff, G. William. Who Rules America? Englewood Cliffs, N.J.: Prentice-Hall, 1967.
— The Higher Circles. New York: Random House, 1970.
Domhoff, G. William, and Ballard, Hoyt B. (eds.) C. Wright Mills and The Power Elite. Boston: Beacon Press, 1968.
Dunlop, John T. Industrial Relations Systems. New York: Holt, 1958.
Edwards, Richard. Contested Terrain. New York: Basic Books, 1979.
Edwards, Richard C., Reich, Michael, and Gordon, David M. (eds.) Labor Market Segmentation. Lexington, Mass: Lexington Books, 1975.
Findlay, J.N. Hegel: A Re-Examination. New York: Oxford University Press, 1958.
Freedman, Marcia. Labor Markets: Segments and Shelters. Montclair, N.J.: Allanheld, Osmun & Co., 1976.
Friedman, Samuel R. Teamster Rank and File: Power, Bureaucracy, and Rebellion at Work and in a Union. New York: Columbia University Press, 1982.
Friedman, Samuel R., and Friedman, Judith J. “Class Conflict in a Dual Economy: A Critique of Some Current Theories.” Presented at Annual Meeting of the American Sociological Association, 1979.
Gagliani, Giorgio. “How Many Working Classes?” American Journal of Sociology (September 1981), 259–285.
Galbraith, John Kenneth. The New Industrial State. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1967.
Gardiner, Jean. “Women and Unemployment.” Red Rag (1975–1976) as cited in Beechey (1977).
Georgakas, Dan, and Surkin, Marvin. Detroit: I Do Mind Dying. New York: St. Martin’s Press, 1975.
Geschwender, James A. Class, Race, and Worker Insurgency. New York: Cambridge University Press, 1977.
Ginzberg, Eli (ed.) Employing the Unemployed. New York: Basic Books, 1980.
Gordon, David M. Class, Productivity, and the Ghetto: A Study of Labor Market Stratification. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, Harvard University, 1971.
— ed.) Problems in Political Economy: An Urban Perspective. 2d edition. Lexington, Mass.: D.C. Heath, 1977.
Gordon, David M., Edwards, Richard, and Reich, Michael. Segmented Work, Divided Workers: The Historical Transformation of Labor in the United States. New York: Cambridge University Press, 1982.
Harrison, Bennett. “Institutions on the Periphery.” In David M. Gordon, (ed.) Problems in Political Economy: An Urban Perspective. 2d edition. Lexington, Mass.: D.C. Heath, 1977, 102–107.
Welfare Payments and the Reproduction of Low-Wage Workers and Secondary Jobs.” Review of Radical Political Economy (Summer 1979), 1–16.
Hauser, Robert M. “On ‘Stratification in a Dual Economy.’” American Sociological Review (August 1980), 702–712.
Hegel, G.W.F. The Logic of Hegel. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1931.
The Science of Logic. London: Allen and Unwin/Macmillian, 1951.
Hodson, Randy. “Industrial Structure as a Worker Resource under Corporate Capitalism.” Presented at annual meeting of The Society for the Study of Social Problems, 1981.
Labor in the Monopoly, Competitive, and State Sectors of Production.” Politics and Society (1978), 429–480.
Hodson, Randy, and Kaufman, Robert L. “Economic Dualism: A Critical Review.” American Sociological Review (December 1982), 727–739.
James, C.L.R. Notes on Dialectics: Hegel, Marx, Lenin. Westport, CT: Lawrence Hill & Co., 1948.
Kalleberg, Arne, Wallace, Michael, and Althauser, Robert P. “Economic Segmentation, Worker Power, and Income Inequality.” American Journal of Sociology (November 1981), 651–683.
Kaufman, Robert L., Hodson, Randy, and Fligstein, Neil D. “Defrocking Dualism: A New Approach to Defining Industrial Sectors.” Social Science Research (March 1981), 1–31.
Kerr, Clark. “Labor Markets: Their Character and Consequences.” American Economic Review (May 1950), 278–291.
The Balkanization of Labor Markets.” In E. Wight Bakke et al. (eds.) Labor Mobility and Economic Opportunity. Cambridge, Mass.: M.I.T. Press, 1954, 92–110.
Kochan, Thomas A., and Block, Richard N. “An Interindustry Analysis of Bargaining Outcomes: Preliminary Evidence from Two-Digit Industries.” Quarterly Journal of Economics (August 1977), 431–452.
Kruse, William J. “An Empirical Study of Labor Market Segmentation: Comment.” Industrial and Labor Relations Review (January 1977), 219–220.
Kuhn, Thomas. The Structure of Scientific Revolutions. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press, 1962.
Lowell, Ruth Fabricant. “The Dual Labor Market in New York City.” Paper presented at Human Resources Administration’s Welfare Research Conference, New York City, December 1, 1973.
McGahey, Richard M. Labor Market Segmentation, Human Capital, and the Economics of Crime. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, New School for Social Research, New York, 1982.
Mannheim, Karl. “Conservative Thought.” In Paul Kecskemeti (ed.) Essays on Sociology and Social Psychology. New York: Oxford University Press, 1953, 76–164.
Marx, Karl. Capital, Volume 1. New York: International Publishers, 1967.
Masters, Stanley H., and Maynard, Rebecca. The Impact of Supported Work on Long-Term Recipients of AFDC Benefits. New York: Manpower Demonstration Research Corporation, 1981.
Maynard, Rebecca. The Impact of Supported Work on Young School Dropouts. New York: Manpower Demonstration Research Corporation, 1980.
Milkman, Ruth. “Women’s Work and Economic Crisis: Some Lessons of the Great Depression.” Review of Radical Political Economics (Spring, 1976) as cited in Beechey (1977).
Mills, C. Wright. The Power Elite. New York: Oxford University Press, 1959.
Nichols, Albert L., and Zeckhauser, R. “Government Comes to the Workplace: An Assessment of OSHA.” The Public Interest (Fall 1977 ), 39–69.
Nyden, Philip W., and Nyden, Gwendolyn Evans. “The Illusion of Stable Jobs: The View from Workers in Steel, Auto and Other Core Industries in Recession.” Presented at annual meetings of the Society for the Study of Social Problems, 1981 ‚ 4–20.
O’Connor, James. The Fiscal Crisis of the State. New York: St. Martin’s Press, 1973.
Oster, Gerry. “A Factor Analytic Test of the Theory of the Dual Economy.” Review of Economics and Statistics (Febarury 1979), 33–39.
Osterman, Paul. “An Empirical Study of Labor Market Segmentation.” Industrial and Labor Relations Review (July 1975), 508–523.
Reply.” Industrial and Labor Relations Review (January 1977), 221–224.
Getting Started: The Youth Labor Market. Cambridge: The M.I.T. Press, 1980.
Parenti, Michael. Democracy for the Few. New York: St. Martin’s Press, 1974.
Piliavin, Irving, and Gartner, Rosemary. The Impact of Supported Work on Exoffenders. New York: Manpower Demonstration Research Corporation, 1981.
Piore, Michael J. “Fragments of a ‘Sociological’ Theory of Wages.” American Economic Review (May 1973), 377–384.
— Notes for a Theory of Labor Market Stratification.” In Richard C. Edwards, Michael Reich, and David M. Gordon (eds.) Labor Market Segmentation. Lexington, Mass.: Lexington Books, 1975, 125–150.
— Birds of Passage: Migrant Labor and Industrial Societies. New York: Cambridge University Press, 1979.
Piven, Frances Fox, and Cloward, Richard. Poor People’s Movements. New York: Vintage Books, 1979.
— The New Class War: Reagan’s Attack on the Welfare State and Its Consequences. New York: Pantheon Books, 1982.
Reich, Michael, Gordon, David M., and Edwards, Richard C. “A Theory of Labor Market Segmentation.” American Economic Review (May 1973), 359–365.
Reynolds, Lloyd G. The Structure of Labor Markets. New York: Harper and Brothers, 1951.
Rosenberg, Sam. The Dual Labor Market: Its Existence and Consequences. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, Brandeis University, 1975.
The Marxian Reserve Army of Labor and the Dual Labor Market.” Politics and Society (1977), 221–228.
— A Survey of Empirical Work on Labor Market Segmentation.” Working Paper No. 138, Institute of Industrial Relations, University of California, Berkeley, Calif., 1979.
— Male Occupational Standing and the Dual Labor Market,” Industrial Relations (Winter 1980), 34–49.
— Occupational Mobility and Short Cycles.” In Frank Wilkinson. The Dynamics of Labor Market Segmentation. New York: Academic Press, 1981, 229–240.
Rumberger, Russell W., and Carnoy, Martin. “Segmentation in the U.S. Labour Market: Its Effects on Mobility and Earnings of Whites and Blacks.” Cambridge Journal of Economics (June 1980), 117–132.
Serrin, William. The Company and the Union, New York: Vintage Books, 1974.
Simeral, Margaret. “Women and the Reserve Army of Labor.” Insurgent Sociologist (Fall 1978), 164–179.
Sokoloff, Natalie J. Between Money and Love: The Dialectics of Women’‘s Home and Market Work. New York: Praeger, 1980.
Stone, Kathy. “The Origins of Job Structures in the Steel Industry.” Radical America (November/December 1973), 19–64.
Taylor, Patricia A., Gwartney-Gibbs, Patricia A., and Farley, Reynolds. “The Changing Structure of Earnings Inequality, 1960–1978.” Paper presented at meetings of the American Sociological Association, 1981.
Tepperman, Jean. Not Servants, Not Machines: Office Workers Speak Out. Boston: Beacon Press, 1976.
Thurow, Lester G. Generating Inequality. New York: Basic Books, 1975.
Tolbert, Charles, Horan, Patrick M., and Beck, E.M. “The Structure of Economic Segmentation: A Dual Economy Approach.” American Journal of Sociology (March 1980), 1095–1116.
Vallas, Steven P. “Marxism and The Labor Process.” Socialist Review (November/ December 1980), 151–158.
Vietorisz, Thomas, and Harrison, Bennett. “Labor Market Segmentation: Positive Feedback and Divergent Development.” American Economic Review (May 1973), 366–376.
Wachter, Michael L. “Primary and Secondary Labor Markets: A Critique of the Dual Approach.” Brookings Papers on Economic Activity. (3: 1974), 637–693.
Weir, Stanley Lewis. “Rank-and-File Labor Rebellions Break into the Open: The End of an Era.’’ In Staughton Lynd (ed.) American Labor Radicalism: Testimonies and Interpretations. New York: John Wiley and Sons, 1973, 148–183.
Wilkinson, Frank. The Dynamics of Labor Market Segmentation. New York: Academic Press, 1981.
Wright, Erik Olin. Class Structure and Income Determination. New York: Academic Press, 1979.
Wright, Erik Olin, Costello, Cynthia, Hachen, David, and Sprague, Joey. “The American Class Structure.” American Sociological Review (December 1982), 709–726.
Zimbalist, Andrew (ed.) Case Studies on the Labor Process. New York: Monthly Review Press, 1979.
Zucker, Lynne G., and Rosenstein, Carolyn. “Taxonomies of Institutional Structure: Dual Economy Reconsidered.” American Sociological Review (December 1981), 869–884.
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1984 Kluwer-Nijhoff Publishing
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Friedman, S.R. (1984). Structure, Process, and the Labor Market. In: Darity, W. (eds) Labor Economics: Modern Views. Recent Economic Thought Series, vol 4. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-5636-0_7
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-5636-0_7
Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht
Print ISBN: 978-94-010-8985-2
Online ISBN: 978-94-009-5636-0
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive