Abstract
Basiphilous pine forests and related birch forests are herb- and grass-rich forests on calcareous substrate. These forests are complex communities with floristic/ecological elements from different vegetation types occurring in a subtle micromosaic. These elements are e.g. species from acidophilous conifer forests, thermophilous forest-rim communities, calcareous shallow-soil and steppe communities, eutrophic wet meadows and fens, and in northern Fennoscandia also species from alpine Dryas heaths. Four associations are recognized in Fennoscandia: Convallario-Pinetum, Melico-Piceetum pinetosum, Peucedano-Pinetum and Epipacto atrorubentis-Betuletum. The main association is the Convallario-Pinetum, a widespread community in Fennoscandia and Estonia with a considerable floristic variation between the different regions. Examples of the floristic variation along west-east profiles and south-north profiles in Fennoscandia are presented. The basiphilous pine forest complex can be divided into a number of ecological types along the moisture and nutritional gradients. A further subdivision into geographical types (races) is presented.
Keywords
Nomenclature follows Lid (1974) for vascular plants, Nyholm (1954–1969) for musci and Dahl & Krog (1973) for Lichens.
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© 1985 Dr. W. Junk Publishers, Dordrecht
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Bjørndalen, J.E. (1985). Some synchorological aspects of basiphilous pine forests in Fennoscandia. In: Neuhäusl, R., Dierschke, H., Barkman, J.J. (eds) Chorological phenomena in plant communities. Advances in vegetation science, vol 5. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-5508-0_23
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-5508-0_23
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