Skip to main content

Perceived Support and Social Interaction Among Friends and Confidants

  • Chapter
Social Support: Theory, Research and Applications

Part of the book series: NATO ASI Series ((ASID,volume 24))

Abstract

In this paper we will review the research we have been doing over the last few years attempting to differentiate among the various facets of the social support construct. We will cite both correlational questionnaire studies as well as behavioral studies, and will conclude with the opinion that the effects of support are much more complicated than the original proponents of the concept had imagined. In all probability, we will raise more questions than we answer, and will offer the hypothesis that the effectiveness of support may not reside in any particular behavior of significant others, but in how that behavior and ensuing relationships are perceived. We also will suggest that individuals are not simply passive recipients of support, but in part, determine the nature of the supportive behavior they receive from others.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 259.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 329.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 329.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  • Benson, C. (1980). Coping and support aoong daughters of alcoholics. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, Indiana University.

    Google Scholar 

  • Blazer, D. G. (1982). Social support and mortality in an elderly community population. American Journal of Epidemiology. 115. 684–694.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bond, C. F., & Titus, L. J. (1983). Social facilitation: A meta-analysis of 241 studies. Psychological Bulletin. 94, 265–292.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Cassel, J. (1976). The contribution of the social environment to host resistance. American Journal of Epidemiology. 104. 107–123.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Cobb, S. (1976). Social support as a moderator of life stress. Psychosomatic Medicine. 38. 300–314.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Corty, E., & Yound, R. D. (1980). Social contact and loneliness in a University population. Paper presented at the meeting of the Midwestern Psychological Association.

    Google Scholar 

  • Davidson, P. O., & Kelley, W. R. (1973). Social facilitation and coping with stress. British Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology. 12. 130–136.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • de Araujo, G., van Arsdel, P. P., Holmes, T. H., & Dudley, D. L. (1973). Life change, coping ability and chronic intrinsic asthma. Journal of Psychosomatic Research. 17. 359–363.

    Article  PubMed  Google Scholar 

  • Derogatis, L. R., Lipman, R. S., & Covi, L. (1973). SCL-90: An outpatient psychiatric rating scale (preliminary report). Psychopharmacology Bulletin. 13–28.

    Google Scholar 

  • Epley, S. W. (1974). Reduction of the behavioral effects of aversive stimulation by the presence of companions. Psychological Bulletin. 271–283.

    Google Scholar 

  • Fondacaro, M. R., & Heller, K. (1983). Social support factors and drinking among college student males. Journal of Youth and Adolescence. 12. 285–299.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Frame, C. L. (1981). Cognitive and social functioning in schizophrenic and manic-depressive outpatients: A descriptive study. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, Indiana University.

    Google Scholar 

  • Frazier, C. L. (1982). Depression, self-esteem, and physical health as a function of social support in the elderly. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, New School for Social Research.

    Google Scholar 

  • Heller, K. (1979). The effects of social support: Prevention and treatment implications. In A. P. Goldstein & F. H. Kanfer (Eds.) Maximizing treatment gains: Transfer enhancement in psychotherapy. New York: Academic Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Heller, K., & Swindle, R. W. (1983). Social networks, perceived social support and coping with stress. In R. D. Feiner, L. A. Jason, J. Moritsugu & S. S. Farber (Eds.), Preventive psychology: Theory, research, and practice in community intervention. New York: Pergamon Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • Heller, K., Swindle, R. W., & Fondacaro, M. R. (1982). The gap between rhetoric. knowledge and application in social support. Paper presented at the meetings of the American Psychological Association, Washington, D.C.

    Google Scholar 

  • Joffe, P., & Naditch, M. P. (1977). Paper and pencil measures of coping and defense processes. In N. Haan (Ed.), Coping and defending. New York: Academic Press.

    Google Scholar 

  • King, D. A. (1979). The effects of interpersonal context on the responses of women and men threatened with electric shock. Unpublished manuscript, Indiana University.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kissel, S. (1965). Stress-reducing properties of social stimuli. Journ al of ersonality and Social Psychology. 378–384.

    Google Scholar 

  • Levenson, R. W., & Gottman, J. M. (1978). Toward the assessment of social competence. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology. 46. 453–462.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Nuckolls, K. G., Cassel, J. & Kaplan, B. H. (1972). Psychosocial assets, life crisis and the prognosis of pregnancy. American Journal of Epidemiology. 95. 431–441.

    Google Scholar 

  • Procidano, H. E., & Heller, K. (1983). Measures of perceived social support from friends and from family: Three validation studies. American Journal of Conaunity Psychology. 11. 1–24.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rosenberg, H. S. (1979). Relapse problems in alcohol abuse, Unpublished doctoral dissertation, Indiana University.

    Google Scholar 

  • Spitzer, R. L., Endicott, J., & Robins, E. (1978). Research diagnostic criteria: Rational and reliability. Archives of General Psychiatry. 35. 773–782.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  • Steinnetz, J. L., Lewinsohn, P. M., & Antonuccio, D. O. (1983). Prediction of individual outcome in a group intervention for depression. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psycology. 51. 331–337.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Swindle, R. W. 91983). An experimental evaluation of the social support buffering hypothesis. Unpublished doctoral dissertation, Indiana University.

    Google Scholar 

  • Thoits, P. A . (1982). Conceptual, methodological and theoretical problems in studying social support as a buffer against life stress. Journal of Health and Social Behavior. 23. 145–159.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1985 Martinus Nijhoff Publishers, Dordrecht

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Heller, K., Lakey, B. (1985). Perceived Support and Social Interaction Among Friends and Confidants. In: Sarason, I.G., Sarason, B.R. (eds) Social Support: Theory, Research and Applications. NATO ASI Series, vol 24. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-5115-0_16

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-5115-0_16

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht

  • Print ISBN: 978-94-010-8761-2

  • Online ISBN: 978-94-009-5115-0

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics