Skip to main content

Part of the book series: NATO ASI Series ((ASIC,volume 181))

Abstract

Controlled release systems offer significant advantages over conventional systems for the delivery of biologically active compounds in both the pharmaceutical and agrichemical fields. The advantages and disadvantages of various types of system design are discussed from the perspective of each of these major areas of application. Both erodible and non-erodible systems, providing release of agents by various mechanisms with characteristic rate profiles, are covered. The choice of type of system will depend heavily on its intended use and the rate (and uniformity of rate) and duration of release of compound required. The properties of release profiles provided by various designs of system are qualitatively and quantitatively described, with respect to areas of current and potential application.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 259.00
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 329.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info
Hardcover Book
USD 329.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Durable hardcover edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. Sendelbeck, L, Moore, D. and Urquhart, J.: 1975, “Comparative distribution of pilocarpine in ocular tissues of the rabbit during administration by eyedrop or by membrane-controlled delivery systems.” Am. J. Ophthalm. 80 (2), pp. 274–283.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. Alza Corporation: 1974, “Ocusert® (Pilocarpine) Ocular Therapeutic System. A Monograph.” Palo Alto, CA.

    Google Scholar 

  3. Shell, J.W., and Baker R., W.:, 1974, “Diffusional systems for controlled release of drugs to the eye.” Ann. Ophthalm. 6(10), pp. 1037–1043.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. Allan, G.G., Chopra, C.S. Friedhoff, J.F., Gara, R.I., Maggi, M.W., Neogi, A.N., Robers, S.C. and Wilkins, R.M.: 1973, “Pesticides, pollution and polymers.” Chemtech 4, p. 171.

    Google Scholar 

  5. Tilson, S.A., Marion, M. Hudson, R., Wong, P., Pharriss, B.B., Aznar, R. and Martinez-Manautou, J.: 1975, “The effect of intrauterine progesterone on the hypothalamic-hypo-physeal-ovarian axis in humans,” Contraception 11, p. 179.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. Pharris, B.B., Erickson, R., Bashaw, J., Hoff, S., Place, V.A., and Zaffaroni, A.,: 1974, “Progestasert: A uterine therapeutic system for long-term contraception: I. Philosophy and clinical efficacy.” Fertil. Steril. 25, p. 915.

    Google Scholar 

  7. Sanders, L.M., Kent, J.S., McRae, G.I., Vickery, B.H., Tice, T.R., and Lewis, D.H.: 1984, “Controlled release of an LHRH analogue from poly (D, L lactide-co-glycolide) microspheres.” J. Pharm. Sci. 73, p. 1294.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Sanders, L.M., McRae, G.I., Kent, J.S., and Vickery, B.H.: 1983, “Design and characterization of a biodegradable controlled release system of an LHRH analogue.” Proc. 10th Int. Symp. on Controlled Release of Bioactive Materials.

    Google Scholar 

  9. Polin, H.S.: 1958, “Devices for dosage control.” U.S. patent 2,846, 057.

    Google Scholar 

  10. Lehmann, K.: 1967, “Acrylic resin coatings for the manufacture of depot preparations of drugs.” Drugs Made in Germany 10, p. 115.

    Google Scholar 

  11. Crank, J.: 1956, The Mathematics of Diffusion, Oxford University Press, London.

    Google Scholar 

  12. Baker, R.W. and Lonsdale, H.K.: 1974, “Controlled release: Mechanisms and rates,” in Controlled Release of Biologically Active Agents. Tanquary, A.C. and Lacey, R.E. (eds.) Plenum Press, New York, pp. 15–71.

    Google Scholar 

  13. Baker, R.W., Tuttle, M.E., Lonsdale, H.K. and Ayres, J.W.: 1979, “Development of an estriol-releasing intrauterine device.” J. Pharm. Sci. 68 (1), p. 20.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Shippy, R.L., Hwang, S.T. and Bunge, R.G.: 1973, “Controlled release of testosterone using silicone rubber.” Biomed. Mater. Res. 7, p. 95.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. Roseman, T.J. and Cardarelli, N.F.: 1980, “Monolithic polymer devices,” in Controlled Release Technologies: Methods, Theory, and Applications, Vol. I. A. G. Kydonieus (Ed.), CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL, p. 21.

    Google Scholar 

  16. Higuchi, T.: 1961, “Rate of release of medicaments from ointment bases containing drugs in suspension.” J. Pharm. Sci. 50, p. 874.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. T. J. Roseman and Higuchi, W.I.: 1970, “Release of medroxyprogesterone acetate from a silicone polymer.” J. Pharm. Sci. 59, pp. 353–356.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  18. Paul, D.R. and McSpaden, S.K.: 1976, “Diffusional release of a solute from a polymer matrix.” J. Membrane Sci. 1, 33.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. Barrer, R.M.: 1968, “Diffusion and permeation in heterogeneous media,” in Diffusion in Polymers. J. Crank and G.S. Pard (Eds.), Academic Press, London, p. 165.

    Google Scholar 

  20. Maxwell, C.: 1873, Treatise on Electricity and Magnetism. Vol. I, Oxford University Press, London, p. 365.

    Google Scholar 

  21. Baker, R.W., Lonsdale, H.K. and Gale, R.M.: 1974, “Membrane controlled delivery systems.” Proceedings of the Controlled Release Symposium, Akron, Ohio (Chairman, Nate Cardarelli).

    Google Scholar 

  22. Pitt, C.G. and Schindler, A.: 1980, in Biodegradables and Delivery Systems for Contraception, Hafez, E.S.E. and Van Os, W.A.A. (Eds.), MTP Press, Lancaster, England.

    Google Scholar 

  23. Heller, J. and Baker, R.W.: 1980, “Theory and practice of controlled drug delivery from erodible polymers,” in Controlled Release of Bioactive Materials. Baker, R.W. (Ed.), Academic Press, New York.

    Google Scholar 

  24. Schindler, A., Jeffcoat, R., Kimmel, G.L., Pitt, C.G., and Zweidinger, R.: 1977, in Contemporary Topics in Polymer Sciences. Pierce, E.M. and Schaefgen, J.R. (Eds.), Plenum Press, New York.

    Google Scholar 

  25. Heller, J., Penhale, D.W.H., Helwing, R.F.: 1980, “Preparation of poly (ortho esters) by the reaction of diketene acetals and polyols.” J. Polymer Science: Polymer Letters Edition, 18, p. 619.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  26. Heller, J., Penhale, D.H., Helwing, R.F., Fritzinger, B.K., Baker, R.W.: 1981, “Release of norethindrone from polyacetals and poly (ortho esters).” AIChE Symposium Series No. 206, Chandrasekaren, S.K. (Ed.). Vol. 77, p. 28.

    Google Scholar 

  27. Heller, J., Penhale, D.W.H., and Helwing, R.F.: 1980, “Preparation of polyacetals by the reaction of divinyl ethers and polyols.” J. Polymer Science: Polymer Letters Edition 18, p. 293.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  28. Heller, J., Baker, R.W., Gale, R.M., and Rodin, J.O.: 1978, “Controlled drug release by polymer dissolution I. Partial esters of maleic anhydride copolymers — properties and theories.” Journal of Applied Polymer Science 22, p. 1991.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  29. Sidman, K.R., Schwope, A.D., Steber, W.D., Rudolph, S.E., and Poulin, S.B.: 1980, “Biodegradable, implantable sustained release systems based on glutamic acid copolymers.” J. Membrane Science 7, p. 277.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  30. Heller, J.: SRI International, Palo Alto, California. Private communication.

    Google Scholar 

  31. Allan, G.G., Beer, J.W., Cousin, M.J., and Mikels, R.A.: 1980, “The biodegradative controlled release of pesticides from polymeric substrates” in Controlled Release Technologies—Methods, Theory, and Applications, Vol. II, Kydonieus p. 7. A.F. (Ed.). CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL.

    Google Scholar 

  32. Harris, F.W.: 1980, “Polymers containing pendent pesticide substituents” in Controlled Release Technologies—Methods, Theory, and Applications. Vol II, Kydonieus, A.F. (Ed.), CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL, p. 63.

    Google Scholar 

  33. Petersen, R.V., Anderson C.G., Fang, S.M., Gregonis, D.E., Kim, S.W., Feijen, J., Anderson, J.M., and Mitra, S.: 1980, “Controlled release of progestins from poly (α amino acid) carriers” in Controlled Release of Bioactive Materials. Baker R. (Ed.), Academic Press, NY, p. 45.

    Google Scholar 

  34. Rose, S. and Nelson, J.F.: 1955, “A continuous long-term injector.” Austral. J. Exp. Biol. 33, p. 415.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  35. Higuchi, T. U.S. Patent 3,760, 805 Sept. 1973.

    Google Scholar 

  36. Theeuwes, F., and Yum, S.J.: 1976, “Principles of the design and operation of generic osmotic pumps for the delivery of semisolid or liquid drug formulations.” Ann. Biomedical Engineering 4, p. 343.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  37. Theeuwes, F., and Eckenhoff, B.: 1980, “Applications of osmotic drug delivery” in Controlled Release of Bioactive Materials. Baker, R. (Ed), Academic Press, NY, p. 61.

    Google Scholar 

  38. Theeuwes, F.: 1975, “Elementary osmotic pump,” J. Pharm. Sci. 64, p. 1987.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  39. Marson, F.: 1969, “Anti-fouling paints. I. Theoretical approach to leaching of soluble pigments from insoluble paint vehicles.” J. Appl. Chem. 19, p. 93.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  40. Gale, R., Chendrasekaran, S.K., Swanson, D. and Wright, J.: 1980, “Use of osmotically active therapeutic agents in monolithic systems.” J. Membrane Sci. 7, p. 319.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1986 D. Reidel Publishing Company

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Baker, R.W., Sanders, L.M. (1986). Controlled Release Delivery Systems. In: Bungay, P.M., Lonsdale, H.K., de Pinho, M.N. (eds) Synthetic Membranes: Science, Engineering and Applications. NATO ASI Series, vol 181. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-4712-2_20

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-4712-2_20

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht

  • Print ISBN: 978-94-010-8596-0

  • Online ISBN: 978-94-009-4712-2

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics