Abstract
The potential of membrane processes will be by far overestimated if only the transport properties of the membrane are taken into consideration. Concentration polarization and pressure losses in the module, i.e., the membrane arrangement, will result in sometimes much lower figures for capacity and product quality. Therefore, the first part of this chapter will discuss the major aspects which have to be considered in module design—based on the equations governing the local mass transport at and in the membrane. The next step will be a discussion of how modules have to be arranged in a process in order to achieve the desired result. The last part of this chapter will deal with the application of membrane processes, the economics of membrane processes compared with conventional separation techniques and with hybrid processes, i.e., the combination of a membrane process and a conventional separation process such as distillation.
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Rautenbach, R. (1986). Process Design and Optimization. In: Bungay, P.M., Lonsdale, H.K., de Pinho, M.N. (eds) Synthetic Membranes: Science, Engineering and Applications. NATO ASI Series, vol 181. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-4712-2_17
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-4712-2_17
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