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Stress physiology and forest productivity pp 191–215Cite as

Herbicide Stress: Use of Biotechnology to Confer Herbicide Resistance to Selected Woody Plants

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Part of the book series: Forestry Sciences ((FOSC,volume 21))

Abstract

The control of weed competition with herbicides represents a major opportunity for increasing forest yields and decreasing the costs of production. However, many herbicides damage the crop trees unless precisely applied. As a consequence, suboptimum weed control is often accepted in current silvicultural practice. Herbicide selectivity for weeds versus crop can be achieved in three ways; avoidance, tolerance, and resistance. Broad spectrum herbicide selectivity in tree plantations is currently limited to avoidance and species-level tolerance. The new biotechnologies provide a means of imparting herbicide tolerance and resistance to specific tree genotypes, thereby allowing important improvements in weed control. The availability of herbicide-resistant hardwoods (angiospermous trees) would allow large-scale plantations of these trees in developed countries. The primary mode of action of an herbicide is a key to understanding the stress effects of that chemical on the forest stand and to evaluating it as a candidate for a biotechnology program. Some of the most promising ways of achieving herbicide tolerance or resistance in forest trees are through detoxification (metabolism) of the herbicide, overproduction of the target enzyme of the herbicide, and alteration of the target protein of the herbicide. Potentially genes for these characteristics could be incorporated in trees through somaclonal selection and recombinant DNA technologies. Based on several scientific, economic, and environmental criteria, glyphosate, the sulfonylureas, and the imidazolinones are good candidate herbicides for which to develop resistance in forest trees. Research in this area, initiated in 1984, is described.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Biotechnology Research Program, USDA Forest Service, North Central Forest Experiment Station, Forestry Sciences Laboratory, Rhinelander, Wisconsin, USA

    N. D. Nelson (Program Leader) & B. E. Haissig (Project Leader)

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  1. N. D. Nelson
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  2. B. E. Haissig
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, Oklahoma, USA

    Thomas C. Hennessey

  2. University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA

    Phillip M. Dougherty

  3. USDA Forest Service, Gainesville, Florida, USA

    Susan V. Kossuth

  4. University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida, USA

    Jon D. Johnson

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© 1986 Martinus Nijhoff Publishers, Dordrecht

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Nelson, N.D., Haissig, B.E. (1986). Herbicide Stress: Use of Biotechnology to Confer Herbicide Resistance to Selected Woody Plants. In: Hennessey, T.C., Dougherty, P.M., Kossuth, S.V., Johnson, J.D. (eds) Stress physiology and forest productivity. Forestry Sciences, vol 21. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-4424-4_10

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-4424-4_10

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht

  • Print ISBN: 978-94-010-8469-7

  • Online ISBN: 978-94-009-4424-4

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