Summary
Because of the enormous increase in cereal yield, the plants’ requirements for a consistently high supply of P, particularly in the critical stages of growth, have also increased. A satisfactory supply of P throughout the vegetative stage of growth is clearly necessary. Possible physiological reasons are enumerated and discussed with reference to the literature. Spraying trials with radio-labelled P foliar fertilizer were therefore conducted with the aim of determining at harvest, the distribution and part played by the phosphate supplied via the leaves. The results show that the tendency of both low and high concentrations of phosphate in the spray solution, to be stored largely in the seed, was the same: at harvest, approx. 65 – 70% was in the seed, approx. 20 – 25% in the straw and 10% in the chaff. The foliar sprays that had been applied at various stages in the development of the wheat following the formation of the last flag leaf had no significant effect on the absorption and distribution of P at grain ripeness. In fact only a very high P concentration in the foliar fertilizer solution produced an 8 – 13% increase in the P content of the seed. Foliar fertilizers with a reasonably high but plant-acceptable P content should therefore be developed.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Clark, R.B., 1983: Plant genotype differences in the uptake, translocation, accumulation, and use of mineral elements required for plant growth. In: Genetic aspects of plant nutrition. M.R. Sarid and B.C. Loughman (Eds.), Develop, in Plant and Soil Sci., Vol. 8, 40 - 70, M. Nijhoff-Verlag, Den Haag, Boston, Lancaster.
Williams, R.F., 1955: Redistribution of mineral elements during development. Ann. Rev. Plant Physiol. 6, 25–42.
Boatwright, G.O., Viets, F.G., 1966: Phosphorus absorption during various growth stages of spring wheat and intermediate wheatgrass. Agron. J. 58, 185–188.
Sturm, H., Isermann, K., 1978: Überlegungen zur langfristigen Ausnutzung von Mineraldünger-Phosphat auf Ackerböden. Landwirtsch. Forsch. SH 35, 180–192.
Wieneke, J., Schimansky, CHR., Isermann, K., Führ F., 1983: Gefäßversuche zur Ausnutzung von wasserlöslichem P, P-markiertem Düngerphosphat durch Sommergerste in Abhängigkeit von der P-Plazierung und -Versorgung des Bodens. Landwirtsch. Forsch. 36, 327–347.
Schachtschabel, P., 1980: Phosphatdüngung in Abbhängigkeit vom Phosphatgehalt im Boden. Z. Acker- und Pflanzenb. 149, 191–205.
Mitteilung des Verbandes Deutscher Landwirtschaftlicher Untersuchungs- und Forschungsanstalten (VDLUFA), H. 1-2, 15–21 (1981).
Sutton, P.J., Peterson, G.A., Sander, D.H., 1983: Dry matter production in tops and roots of winter wheat as affected by phosphorus availability during various growth stages. Agron. J. 75, 657–663.
Wieneke, J., 1985: Untersuchungen zum Einfluß der P-Aufnahme und P-Remobilisierung in der Kornfüllungsperiode auf den Ertrag. (In Vorbereitung)
Breeze; V.G., Wild, A., Hopper, M.J., Jones, L.H.P, 1984: The uptake of phosphate by plants from flowing nutrient solution. II. Growth of Lolium perenne L. at constant phosphate concentration. J. Exp. Bot. 35, 1210 - 1221.
Asher; C.J., Loneragan, J.F., 1967: Response of plants to phosphate concentration in solution culture: I. Growth and phosphorus content. Soil Sci. 103, 225–233.
Loneragan, J.F., Asher, J.F., 1967: Response of plants to phosphate concentration in solution culture: II. rate of phosphate absorption and its relation to growth. Soil Sci. 103, 311–318.
Michael, B., Zink, F., Lantzsch, J.H., 1980: Effect of phosphate application on phytin-phosphorus and other phosphate fractions in developing wheat grains. Z. Pflanzenernähr. Bodenkd. 143, 369–376.
Porter, M.A., Paulsen, G.M., 1983: Grain protein response to phosphorus nutrition of wheat. Agron. J. 75, 303–305
Sinclair, R.T., DE Wit, C.T., 1975: Photosynthate and nitrogen requirements for seed production by various crops. Science 189, 565–567.
Steffens, W., Wieneke, J., 1977: Problems involved in balance and metabolism studies with C-labelled pesticides in plant and soil. Proc. Int. Symp. on Improving Crop and Animal Productivity by Nuclear and Allied Techniques. New Delhi, 574–586.
Wieneke, J., 1985: P/ P-Aufnahme und -Remobilisierung vor Beginn und während der Bestückung von Sommergerste. (In Vorbereitung)
Wieneke, J., Schimansky, CHR., Isermann, K., 1983: Verteilung von gedüngtem und bodenburtigem Phosphat in Sommergerste in Abhängigkeit von der P-Verfügbarkeit im Boden sowie der Höhe und Plazierung des P/ P-markierten Düngerns. Landwirt sc h. Forsch. 36, 348–361.
Smyth, D.A., Chevalier, P., 1984: Phosphate accumulation in leaves of wheat seedlings measured in leaf cell protoplasts isolated after root or foliar treatment with orthophosphate. Physiol. Plant. 61, 135–140.
Neumann, P.M., Golab, Z., 1983: Comparative effects of mono- and dipotassium phosphates on cell leakiness in corn leaves. J. Plant Nutr. 6, 275–283.
Hanway, J.J., Olson, R.A., 1980: Phosphate nutrition of corn, sorghum, soybeans, and small grains. In: The Role of Phosphorus in Agriculture. Eds.: Khasawneh, F.E., Sample, E.C., Kamprath, E.J., ASA-CSSA-SSSA, Madison, Wise. USA, 681–691.
Zadoks, J.C., Chang, T.T., Konzak, C.F., 1974: A decimal code for the growth stages of cereals. Weed Res. 14, 415–421.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1986 Martinus Nijhoff Publishers, Dordrecht
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Wieneke, J., Steffens, W. (1986). Physiological Aspects of the Supplementary Foliar Application of P in Intensive Cereal Growing. In: Alexander, A. (eds) Foliar Fertilization. Developments in Plant and Soil Sciences, vol 22. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-4386-5_30
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-4386-5_30
Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht
Print ISBN: 978-94-010-8450-5
Online ISBN: 978-94-009-4386-5
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive