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Organic Contaminants in Soils and Groundwaters

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Organic Contaminants in the Environment

Part of the book series: Environmental Management Series ((EMISS,volume 19))

Abstract

In 1843 a field experiment was started at Rothamsted to compare the effects of different manures and inorganic fertilisers. Each plot on the field was furnished with tile drains and in 1866 Lawes et al 1. analysed the runnings from the drains for plant nutrient chemicals. These and similar data were then used to compile a multivolume report on water pollution2. Despite continuing public interest in water quality, such a field experiment even today would be considered far-sighted and quite elaborate. In 1870 Lawes et al 1. built outdoors three brick drain gauges, which we would now call lysimeters, each 2·2 x 1·8 m and one of which was 1·5 m deep. Again, drainage water was quantitatively analysed for plant nutrient chemicals and the analytical results were related to rainfall and evaporation data. One of Lawes’ conclusions from these experiments was that there were two types of drainage, one of which was rapid and occurred through large continuous and deep pores, expecially burrows made by worms. The second occurred through the saturated body of the soil. These conclusions are analogous to contemporary ideas of mobile and immobile categories of water or fissure flow of water which form the basis of some computer simulation models.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. AFRC Institute of Arable Crops Research, Rothamsted Experimental Station, Harpenden, Herts, AL5 2JQ, UK

    P. H. Nicholls

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  1. Institute of Environmental and Biological Sciences, Lancaster University, Lancaster, LA14YQ, UK

    K. C. Jones

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© 1991 Elsevier Science Publishers Ltd

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Nicholls, P.H. (1991). Organic Contaminants in Soils and Groundwaters. In: Jones, K.C. (eds) Organic Contaminants in the Environment. Environmental Management Series, vol 19. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-4329-2_3

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-4329-2_3

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht

  • Print ISBN: 978-94-010-8424-6

  • Online ISBN: 978-94-009-4329-2

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