Abstract
We often do not realize how much we needed something until after we obtain it. This seems to have been the case for activity indexes in inflammatory bowel disease. Since the publication of the Crohn’s Disease Activity Index in 1978 (1), there have been over 300 references to it in the medical literature and it has been used in over 100 clinical studies. Despite this widespread use, there has also been widespread dissatisfaction with the CDAI and numerous efforts have been made to develop new methods of measuring disease activity and of expressing it numerically. Both the adoption of the CDAI and the efforts to develop new and better indices demonstrate gastroenterologists’ interest in quantifying activity of inflammatory bowel disease and their need to “put a number on” the clinical and laboratory manifestations of these diseases.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Best WR, Becktel JM, Singleton JW, Kern F Jr. (1976) Development of a Crohn’s disease activity index. Gastroenterology 77: 439–444.
Truelove SC, Witts LJ. (1955) Cortisone in ulcerative colitis. Final report on a therapeutic trial. Brit Med J 2: 1041–1048.
Baron JH, Connell AM, Kanaghinis TG, Lennard-Jones JE, Jones FA. (1962) Outpatient therapy of ulcerative colitis. Comparison between three doses of oral prednisone. Brit Med J 2: 441–443.
Powell-Tuck J, Bown RL, Lennard-Jones JE. (1978) A comnparison of oral prednisone given as single or multiple daily doses for active proctocolitis. Scand J Gastroent 13: 833–837.
de Dombal FT, Burton IL, Clamp SE, Goligher JC. (1974) Short term Course and prognosis of Crohn’s disease. Gut 15: 435–443.
Lloyd-Still JD, Wessel HU. (1981) A clinical scoring system for chronic in flammatory bowel disease in children. in Recent Advances in Crohn’s Disease. eds. Pena AS, Weterman IT, Booth CC, Strober W. pp. 25–29. Amsterdam: Nijhoff
Harvey RF, Bradshaw JM. (1980) A simple index of Crohn’ s-disease activity. Lancet 1: 514.
Van Hees PAM, Van Eiteren PH, Van Lier HJJ, Van Tongeren JHM. (1980) An index of inflammatory activity in patients with Crohn’s disease. Gut 21: 279–286.
Present DH, Korelitz BI, Wisch N, Glass JL, Sachar DB, Paasternack BS. (1980) Treatment of Crohn’s disase with 6-mercaptopurine. New Engl J Med 302: 981–987.
Myren J, Bouchier JAD, Watkinson G, Softley A, Clamp SE, de Dombal FT. (1984) The O.M.G.E. Multinational Inflammatory Bowel Disease Survey 1976-1982. A further report on 2, 657 cases. Scan J Gastroent 19(suppl 95): 1–27.
Maratka Z. (1981) Crohn’s disease activity indexes: need for distinguishing activity from severity. Hepato-gastroenterol 28: 187–188.
Best WR, Becktel JM. (1981) The Crohn’s Disease Activity Index as a clinical instrument. in Recent Advances in Crohn’s Disease, eds. Pena AS, Weterman IT, Booth CC, Strober W. pp. 7–11. Amsterdam: Nijhof
Fagan EA, Dyck RF, Maton PN, Hodgson HJF, Chadwick VS, Viva Pétrie A, Pepys MB. (1982) Serum levels of C-reactive protein in Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis. Eur J Clin Invest 12: 351–359.
Andre C, Descos L, Vignal J, Gillon J. (1983) C-reactive protein as a predictor of relapse in asymptomatic patients with Crohn’s disease. Scot Med J 28: 26–29.
Andre C, Descos L, Landais P, Fermanian J. (1981) Assessment of appropriate laboratory measurements to supplement the Crohn’s Disease Activity Index. Gut 22: 571–574.
Rachmilewitz D, Ligumsky M, Rachmilewitz B, Rachmilewitz M, Tarcic N, Schlesinger M. (1980) Transcobalamin II level in peripheral blood monocytes–a biochemical marker in inflammatory diseases of the bowel. Gastroenterology 78: 43–46.
Harries AD, Fitzsimons E, Fifield R, Dew MJ, Rhodes J. (1983) Platelet count: a simple measure of activity in Crohn’s disease. Brit Med J 286: 1476.
Kruis W, Mann K. (1983) Human chorionic gonadotropin and alpha chain of glycoprotein hormones in patients with inflammatory bowel disease. Eur J Clin Invest 13: 165–169.
Meryn S, Lochs H. (1983) Diagnostic usefulness of plasma carcino-embryonic antigen (CEA) levels in Crohn’s disease. Dig Dis Sci 28: 478–479.
Thomas DW, Sinatra FR, Merritt RJ. (1983) Fecal alpha-1 antitrypsin excretion in young people with Crohn’s disease. J Pediatr Gastroent Nutrit 2: 491–496.
Meyers S, Wolke A, Field SP, Feuer EJ, Johnson JW, Janowitz HD. (1985) Fecal alpha-1 antitrypsin measurement: an indicator of Crohn’s disease activity. Gastroenterology 89: 13–18.
Saverymuttu SH, Hodgson HJF, Chadwick VS. (1984) Comparison of fecal granulocyte excretion in ulcerative colitis and Crohn’s colitis. Dig Dis Sci: 29 1000–1004.
Sorokin JJ, Zeiger LS. (1985) 111-In leukocytes in Crohn’s disease. Gastroenterology 88: 221.
Descos L, Andre F, Andre C, Gillon J, Landais P, Fermanian J. (1983) Assessment of appropriate laboratory measurements to reflect the degree of activity of ulcerative colitis. Digestion 28: 148–152.
Roediger WEW, Lawson MJ, Kwok V, Kerr Grant A, Pannall PR. (1984) Colonie bicarbonate output as a test of disease activity in ulcerative colitis. J Clin Pathol 37: 704–707.
Powell-Tuck J, Day DW, Buckell NA, Wadsworth J, Lennard-Jones JE. (1982) Correlations between defined sigmoidoscopic appearances and other measures of disease activity in ulcerative colitis. Dig Dis Sci 27: 533–537.
Schmitz-Moormann P, Himmelman G-W, Brandes J-W. (1985) Relationships between clinical data and histology of the large bowel in Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis. Pathol Ann 19: 281–301.
Beeken WL, Busch HJ, Sylvester DL. (1972) Intestinal protein loss in Crohn’s disease. Gastroenterology 62; 207–215.
Saverymuttu SH, Lavender JP, Hodgson HJF, Chadwick VS. (1983) Assessment of disease activity in inflammatory bowel disease: a new approach using 111-In granulocyte
Best WR, Lee ECG. (1985) A system for anatomical coding of Crohn’s disease involvement. in de Dombai FT, ed. Problems and Perspectives in Inflammatory Bowel Disease Oxford: Oxford Univ. Press.
Jensen KB, Jarnum S, Kondhal G, Kristensen M. (1976) Serum orosomucoid in ulcerative colitis. Its relation to clinical activity, protein loss and turnover of albumnin and IgG. Scand J Gastroent 11: 177–183.
Welke B, Jarnum S. (1971) Serum concentrations of 19 serum proteins in Crohn’s disease and ulcerative colitis. Gut 12: 197–302.
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1986 Martinus Nijhoff Publishers
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Singleton, J.W. (1986). Quantifying “Activity” of Inflammatory Bowel Disease. In: Rachmilewitz, D. (eds) Inflammatory Bowel Diseases 1986. Developments in Gastroenterology, vol 8. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-4269-1_11
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-4269-1_11
Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht
Print ISBN: 978-94-010-8396-6
Online ISBN: 978-94-009-4269-1
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive