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Sea-Level Research pp 311–360Cite as

The diagenetic products of marine carbonates as sea-level indicators

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Abstract

Diagenesis, in this chapter, includes all organic and nonorganic changes which affect marine carbonates after deposition but before weathering, within hydrologically active, subsurface nearshore environments (subtidal-marine phreatic, intertidal-marine vadose, supratidal-marine- fresh-water mixing, fresh-water phreatic and vadose). The related products, diagnostic in terms of position of sea level, are of mechanical or physicochemical origin: burrows, with significantly distinctive forms; borings, and particularly, cyanophyte microborings forming micritic envelopes; desiccation cracks, typical of supratidal zones; fenestrae, well-preserved in upper intertidal and supratidal zones; intraclasts, common in coastal sequences; internal sediments, each type being characteristic of a particular nearshore zone; solution pores, reliable criteria for distinguishing the marine-fresh-water limits; cements, morphologically and mineralogicallv diagnostic of their environment of genesis; dissolution-reprecipitation, mainly occurring in the fresh-water zone; neomorphism, resulting from supratidal-subaerial conditions; dolomites and evaporites, common in intertidal-supratidal arid areas; carbon and oxygen isotopic composition, useful for the location of the meteoric-marine water limit.

The reliability of textural, structural, mineralogical and geochemical diagenetic criteria in identification of sea-level changes is illustrated from five regional sequences ranging in age from Pleistocene to Holocene.

Studies of diagenesis require the use of various sophisticated analytical techniques. Absolute dating of diagenetic products may be performed, using the classical radiocarbon, U-Th and amino-acid racemization methods.

Finally, the diagenetic products of ancient marine carbonates are believed to be useful for roughly defining the location of paleo-sea level, just below or above a given nearshore environment.

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Authors
  1. J. Coudray
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  2. L. Montaggioni
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Free University, Amsterdam, Netherlands

    Orson van de Plassche

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© 1986 Orson van de plassche

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Coudray, J., Montaggioni, L. (1986). The diagenetic products of marine carbonates as sea-level indicators. In: van de Plassche, O. (eds) Sea-Level Research. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-4215-8_11

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-4215-8_11

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht

  • Print ISBN: 978-94-010-8370-6

  • Online ISBN: 978-94-009-4215-8

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