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Immunogenetics of Graves’ Disease

  • Chapter
Immunology of Endocrine Diseases

Part of the book series: Immunology and Medicine ((IMME,volume 3))

Abstract

The actual aetiology of Graves’ disease, like that of Hashimoto’s chronic thyroiditis, remains unknown. The condition of hyperthyroidism was initially recognized by Parry in 1786 and recorded cases were published in 18251. Subsequently, Graves, from whom the eponym has been derived, described three cases in greater detail in 18352. Basedow also described the condition in great detail in 18403. It is recognized that females are affected by Graves’ disease much more commonly than males, as is true for virtually all thyroidal disorders, the reported ratios varying from 4:1 to 10:1. The familial occurrence of hyperthyroidism has been recognized by several investigators for many years. Bartels found evidence of a familial disposition in 60% of cases with Graves’ disease4. Pedigrees have been published that have shown a high incidence of Graves’ disease in families; however, a definitive pattern of inheritance has not been established. Although hereditary factors appear to be involved in the pathogenesis of Graves’ disease, it is apparent that a combination of several genetic and environmental determinants are involved rather than a single gene as being a predominant factor. The twin and clinical family studies initially demonstrated the important role of hereditary factors in Graves’ disease. The investigation of autoantibodies and immunogenetic markers have further supported the hereditary importance. Furthermore, the greater rate of concordance of hyperthyroidism among monozygotic twins is also indicative of hereditary determinants in this condition.

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Authors
  1. H. Tamai
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  2. L. F. Kumagai
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  3. S. Nagataki
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Medicine, University of Wales College of Medicine, Health Park, Cardiff, Wales, CF4 4XN, UK

    Alan M. McGregor (Senior Lecturer and Honorary Consultant Physician) (Senior Lecturer and Honorary Consultant Physician)

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© 1986 MTP Press Limited

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Tamai, H., Kumagai, L.F., Nagataki, S. (1986). Immunogenetics of Graves’ Disease. In: McGregor, A.M. (eds) Immunology of Endocrine Diseases. Immunology and Medicine, vol 3. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-4171-7_7

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-4171-7_7

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht

  • Print ISBN: 978-94-010-8352-2

  • Online ISBN: 978-94-009-4171-7

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

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