Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

The Cerebrospinal Fluid Immunoglobulins in Multiple Sclerosis

  • Chapter
Multiple Sclerosis Research in Europe

Abstract

Early in the history of Multiple Sclerosis (MS) research, simple flocculation tests have drawn attention to some protein fractions imbalance in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of MS patients (Bauer, 1961). However, it was the application of the successive electrophoretic techniques to the proteins of the CSF that played the major role in the evolution of what, until now, approaches the nearest a laboratory test for MS. In the late fourties, the crude techique of paper electrophoresis not only permitted to observe a sporadious elevation of the gamma globulins in the CSF, but also an occasional hint of an abnormal distribution of the proteins in that region. Since then, electrophoretic techniques have ondergone a tremendous evolution (Lowenthal, 1964; Delmotte, 1977; Delmotte, 1979). Now, 40 years later, using isoelectric focusing in thin layers of polyacrylamide gels, we can put into evidence up to 30 or more sharply delineated oligoclonal fractions in the gamma globulin region of most of the CSF samples from MS patients.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 39.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 54.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  • Bauer, H., 1961. Die cerebrospinal Flüssigkeit — Neuere Methoden und Forschungsergebnisse als Grundlage der Deutung von Liquorbefunden. Internist (Berlin), 2, 85–94.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bollengier, F., Rabinovitch N., Lowenthal A., 1978. Oligoclonal immunoglobulins, light chain ratios and free light chains in the cerebrospinal fluid and serum from patients affected with various neurological diseases. J. Clin. Chem. Clin. Biochem., 16, 165–173.

    Google Scholar 

  • Bornstein, M.B., Appel, H., 1965. Tissue culture studies of demyelinisa- tion. Ann. N.Y. Acad. Sc., 122, 280–286.

    Google Scholar 

  • Chazot, G., Lasne, Y., Benzerara, O., Confafreux, C., Schott, B., 1980. Radio-immunofixation: une nouvelle technique de caractérisation des immunoglobulines dans le liquide céphalo-rachidien non concentré. Rev. Neurol. (Paris), 136, 783–786.

    Google Scholar 

  • Christensen, O., Clausen, J., Fog, T., 1978. Relationships between abnormal IgG index, oligoclonal bands, acute phase reactants and some clinical data in Multiple Sclerosis. J. Neurol., 218, 237–244.

    Google Scholar 

  • Delmotte, P., Gonsette, R., 1977. Biochemical findings in Multiple Sclerosis IV. Isoelectric focusing of the CSF gammaglobulins in M.S. and other neurological diseases. J. Neurology, 215, 27–37.

    Google Scholar 

  • Delmotte, P., 1979. The evaluation of the blood/CSF barrier permeability and the intrathecal IgG synthesis by capillary isotachophoresis. in ’Humoral immunity in neurological diseases’, Nato advanced Study Institute, Antwerpen.

    Google Scholar 

  • Eickhoff, K., KaschkaW., Skuaril, F., Thelkaes, L., Heipertz, R., 1979. Determination of IgG subgroups in cerebrospinal fluid of Multiple Sclerosis patients and others. Acta Neurol. Scand., 60, 277–282.

    Google Scholar 

  • Esiri, M.D., 1977. Immunoglobulin containing cells in Multiple Sclerosis plaques. Lancet ii (n° 8036 ), 478–480.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Frick, E., Stickl, H., 1980. Antibody-dependent lymphocyte cytotoxicity against basic proteins of myelin in Multiple Sclerosis. J. Neurol. Sci., 46, 187–197.

    Google Scholar 

  • Gorny M.A., Wroblewska, Z., Pleasure, D., Miller, S.L., Wajgt, A., Kopprowski, H., 1983. CSF antibodies to myelin basic protein and oligodendrocytes in MS and other neurological diseases. Acta Neurol. Scand., 67, 338–347.

    Google Scholar 

  • Jozefczyk, P., Kelly, R.H., Rabin, B.S., 1984. Clinical significance of immunological and immunogenetic evaluation in MS. Immunol. Comm., 13 (4), 371–379.

    Google Scholar 

  • Kolar, O.J., Rice, P.H., Jones, F.H., Defalque, R.J., Kincaid, J., 1980. Cerebrospinal fluid Immunoelectrophoresis in Multiple Sclerosis. J. Neurol. Sciences, 47, 221–230.

    Google Scholar 

  • Laurell, C.B., 1965. Antigen antibody crossed electrophoresis. Annal. Biochem., 10, 358–361.

    Google Scholar 

  • Link, H., Tibblung, G., 1977. Principles of albumin and IgG analyses in neurological disorders. II. Relation of the concentration of proteins in serum and cerebrospinal fluid. III. Evaluation of IgG synthesis within the central nervous system in Multiple Sclerosis. Scand. J. Lab. Invest., 37, 391–401.

    Google Scholar 

  • Lowenthal, A., 1964. Agar gel electrophoresis in neurology. Elsevier Publ. C°., Amsterdam.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mancini, G., Carbonara, A.O., Heremans, J.F., 1965. Immunochemical quantitation of antigens by single radial immunodiffusion. Immunochemistry, 2, 235–254.

    Google Scholar 

  • Masson, P.L., Cambiaso, C.L., Collet-cassart, D., Magnusson, C.G.M., Richards, G.B., Sindic, C.J.M., 1981. Particle counting immunoassay (PACIA). Methods in Immunology, 74, 106–139.

    Google Scholar 

  • Mehta, P.D., Patrick, B.A., Wisniewski, H.M., 1981. Isoelectric focusing and immunofixation of cerebrospinal fluid and serum in Multiple Sclerosis. J. Clin. Lab. Immunol., 6, 17–22.

    Google Scholar 

  • Moulin, D., Paty, D.W., Ebers, G.C., 1983. The predictive value of CSF electrophoresis in possible Multiple Sclerosis. Brain, 106, 809–816.

    Google Scholar 

  • Nikoskelainen, E., Frey, H., Salmi, A., 1981. Prognosis of optic neuritis with special reference to cerebrospinal fluid immunoglobulins and measles virus antibodies. Ann. Neurol., 9, 545–550.

    Google Scholar 

  • Rieder, H.P., Fritschi, J., 1980. Quotienten der Liquorproteinfraktionen und ihre labordiagnostische Bedeutung. Der Nervenarzt, 51, 704–707.

    Google Scholar 

  • Reiber, H., 1979. Quantitative Bestimmung der lokal im Zentralnervensystem synthetisierten Immunoglobulin G Fraktion des Liquors. J. Clin. Chem. Clin. Biochem., 17, 587–591.

    Google Scholar 

  • Roström, B., 1981. Specificity of antibodies in oligoclonal bounds in patients with Multiple Sclerosis and cerebrovascular diseases. Acta Neurol. Scand., Suppl. 86, Vol. 63.

    Google Scholar 

  • Schliep, G., Felgenhauer, K., 1978. Rapid determination of proteins in serum and cerebrospinal fluid by Laser Nephelometry. J. Clin. Chem. Clin. Biochem., 16, 631–635.

    Google Scholar 

  • Siden, A., 1977. Crossed immunoelectrofocusing of cerebrospinal fluid immunoglobulins. J. Neurol., 217, 103–109.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sindic, C.J.M., Cambiaso, C.L., Depre, A., Laterre, E.C., Masson, P.L., 1982. The concentration of IgM in the cerebrospinal fluid of neurological patients. J. Neurol. Sc., 55, 339–350, 1982.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  • Sindic, C.J.M., Magnussson, C.G.M., Laterre, E.C., Masson, P.L., 1984a. IgE in the cerebrospinal fluid. J. Neuroimmunology, 6, 319–324.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sindic, C.J.M., Cambiaso, C.L., Depre, A., Laterre, E.C., Masson, P.L., 1984b. Immune complexes in the cerebrospinal fluid and serum of neurological patients. J. Neuroimmunology, 6, 9–18.

    Google Scholar 

  • Sindic, C.J.M., Delacroix, D.D., Vaerman, J.P., Laterre, E.C., Masson, P.L. Study of IgA in the cerebrospinal fluid of neurological patients with special reference to size, subclass and local production. In print.

    Google Scholar 

  • Stendahl-Brodin, L., Link, H., Aristensson, K., 1979. Myelinotoxic activity on tadpole optic nerve of cerebrospinal fluid from patients with optic neuritis. Neurology, 29, 882–886.

    Google Scholar 

  • Stendahl-Brodin, L., Link, H., 1980. Relation between benign course of MS and low grade humoral immune response in CSF. J. Neurol. Neurosurg. Psych., 43, 102–105.

    Google Scholar 

  • Tourtellotte, W.W., Potuina, R., Fleming, J.O., Murthy, K.N., Levy, J., Syndulko, K., Potvin, J.H., 1980. Multiple Sclerosis: measurement and validation of central nervous system IgG synthesis rate. Neurology, 30, 240–244.

    Google Scholar 

  • Trojaborg, W., Böttcher, J., Saxtrup, O., 1981. Evoked potentials and immunoglobulin abnormalities in MS. Neurology, 31, 866–871.

    Google Scholar 

  • Vandvik, R., Norrby, E., Nordal, H.J., Degre, M., 1976. Oligoclonal measles virus specific IgG antibodies isolated from cerebrospinal fluid, brain extracts and sera from patients with SSPE and MS. Scand. J. Immunol., 3, 979–992.

    Google Scholar 

  • Verjans, E., Theys, P., Delmotte, P., Carton, H., 1983. Clinical parameters and intrathecal IgG synthesis as prognostic features in MS. Part I. J. Neurol., 229, 155–165.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Authors
  1. P. Delmotte
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Neurology, Radboud University Hospital, Reinier Postlaan 4, 6525 GC, Nijmegen, The Netherlands

    Otto R. Hommes

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1986 ECSC, EEC, EAEC, Brussels and Luxembourg

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Delmotte, P. (1986). The Cerebrospinal Fluid Immunoglobulins in Multiple Sclerosis. In: Hommes, O.R. (eds) Multiple Sclerosis Research in Europe. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-4143-4_30

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-4143-4_30

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht

  • Print ISBN: 978-94-010-8338-6

  • Online ISBN: 978-94-009-4143-4

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation