Abstract
Recent progress in understanding pulverized coal combustion is attributable, in part, to the use of new optical diagnostics for in-situ measurements of gas temperature, concentrations of major and trace gas species, particle size distribution, and gas and particle velocity fields. There is great potential for more widespread application of these techniques in the future, particularly in laboratory bench-scale studies. In addition, advanced methods which are now undergoing laboratory development and validation hold promise for in-situ measurement of the composition of both entrained particulates and deposits on material surfaces exposed to coal combustion environments. This paper emphasizes the features of optical diagnostics that have the greatest potential for near-term application to detect the properties of gaseous or particulate species in small-scale pulverized coal (PC) combustion experiments. These experiments contain many of the hostile features of practical combustors (e.g. high temperatures, high particulate loadings, flow turbulence and windows) that limit optical path lengths and signal-to-noise. Extensive references to the earlier literature are included in recent reviews [1,2].
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Hardesty, DR(ed): Assess, of opt. diag. for in situ meas. in high temp, coal comb, and conv. flows, Sandia Tech. Rpt. SAND84–8724, 1984.
Holve, DJ, et al: Design criteria and recent dev. of opt. SPC,s for fossil fuel systems, Optical Engineering, 20, 4, 1981.
Flower WL and Miller JA: An analy.of particle-temp modul. induced by pulsed-laser sources, Sandia Tech. Rpt. SAND79–8607, Feb. 1979.
Mulac, AJ, et al: Appl. Opt. 17, 2695, 1983.
Flower, WL: Raman scattering gas temperature measurements in partic. laden flows, Sandia Technical Report, SAND81-8608, July 1981.
Beiting, EJ: Coher. interfer. in multiplex CARS meas.: nonres. suscep. enhance, due to laser breakdown, App. Opt. 24, 18, Sept.1985.
Lucht, RP: CARS meas. of temp, and species concen. in coal comb, flows, Proc. 1985 Intl. Conf. Coal Science, Sydney, Oct. 1985.
Ottesen, DK: In situ studies of PC combustion by FT-IR spect., Proc. 1985 Intl. Conf. on Coal Science, Sydney, October 1985.
Solomon, PR et al: Proceedings of the 19th International Symposium on Combustion, The Combustion Inst., p. 1139, 1982.
Solomon, PR, et al: Amer. Chem. Soc. Preprints 31, 141, 1986.
Solomon, PR: FT-IR Spectroscopy Diagnostic Techniques, this Workshop.
Bradshaw, JD, et al: Five laser-excited fluoresc. methods for meas. spatial flame temp.: Theor. basis, Appl. Opt., 19, 1980.
Taylor, DJ: CARS concentration and temperature measurements in coal gasifiers, Los Alamos Nat. Lab. Rpt. LA-UR-83-1840, 1983.
Ferrario, A, et al: Real-time CARS spectr. in a semi-industrial furnace, pres. at Conf. on Lasers and Electro-Optics, Baltimore 1983.
Holve DJ and Self, SA: Optical particle sizing for in situ measurements, parts I and II, J. App. Op 18, 10, May 1979.
Hirleman, EO: Optical technique for particle characterization in combustion; multiple ratio particle counter, PhD Thesis Purdue, 1977.
Holve, DJ: An SPC sys. for meas. fine partic. at high numb. dens, in resear. and industr. appl., Sandia Tech. Rpt. SAND83-8246, Oct. 1983.
Holve, DJ: Compar. comb, studies of coal/water slurries and PC, 7th Intl. Syrfip. Coal Slur. Fuels Prep, and Util., New Orleans, May 1985.
Tichenor, DA, et al: Simultan. in situ meas. of partic. size, temp, and vel. in comb, envir., Proc. 20th Int. Symp. on Comb., 1984.
Mitchell, RE: Experimentally determined overall burning rates of coal chars, subm. to Comb. Sc. and Tech., January 1986.
Swithenbank, J: A laser diag. tech. for meas. droplet and particle size distribution, Proc. AIAA 14th Aerosp. Sc. Mtg., 1976.
Wertheimer, AL and Wilcox, WL: Light scattering measurements of particle distributions, Applied Optics, 15, p. 1616, 1976.
Flower, WL: Measurements of the diffusion coefficient for soot particles in flames, Phys. Rev. Let., 51, p. 2287, 1983.
Ottesen,DK: private communication of unpublished results.
Schmieder, RW: Techniques and applications of laser spark spectroscopy, Sandia Tech. Rpt. SAND83-8618, March 1983.
Radziemski, LJ et al: Time-resolved laser-induced breakdown spectrometry of aerosols, Anal. Chem. 55, p. 1246, 1983.
Wang, JCF and Hencken, KR: In situ particle size meas. using a two-color laser scat, tech., Sandia Tech. Rpt. SAND85-8869, Dec. 1985.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1987 Martinus Nijhoff Publishers, Dordrecht
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Hardesty, D.R., Ottesen, D.K. (1987). Optical Diagnostics for In-Situ Measurements in Pulverized Coal Combustion Environments. In: Lahaye, J., Prado, G. (eds) Fundamentals of the Physical-Chemistry of Pulverized Coal Combustion. NATO ASI Series, vol 137. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-3661-4_14
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-3661-4_14
Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht
Print ISBN: 978-94-010-8138-2
Online ISBN: 978-94-009-3661-4
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive