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Assessment of the Kidney in Relation to Blood Pressure Regulation

  • Chapter
Nephrotoxicity in the experimental and clinical situation

Part of the book series: Developments in Nephrology ((DINE,volume 19-20))

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Abstract

The kidney responds to wide variations in the external environment to maintain relatively constant ionic conditions around the cells. These changes in kidney function are aimed at maintaining homeostasis and can be brought about by several factors, the most important of which is a change in blood pressure. The interaction between the kidney and blood pressure is primarily mediated via changes in the excretory function of the kidney. Renal diseases, nephrotoxicity or experimental manipulations to the kidneys generally produce hypertension, but sometimes there are no changes in blood pressure. Such renal compromise very rarely leads to a decrease in blood pressure, and it can therefore be argued that if renal excretory function is impaired in any way, a compensatory increase in systemic arterial pressure will occur. Thus the kidney fulfils its homeostatic role at the expense of an increase in blood pressure. The “renal blood volume pressure regulatory system” or “the sodium homeostatic mechanism” fulfils such a role1. However the corollary of this is that renal dysfunction is the primary cause of hypertension, and this is one of the most enduring controversies of modern day pathophysiology.

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  1. J. Atkinson
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  1. The Robens Institute, University of Surrey, Guildford, Surrey, England

    P. H. Bach

  2. Biochemical Toxicology Section, Imperial Chemical Industries plc, Alderley Park, Macclesfield, Cheshire, England

    E. A. Lock

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Atkinson, J. (1987). Assessment of the Kidney in Relation to Blood Pressure Regulation. In: Bach, P.H., Lock, E.A. (eds) Nephrotoxicity in the experimental and clinical situation. Developments in Nephrology, vol 19-20. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-3367-5_8

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