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Chemically Induced Epithelial Tumours and Carcinogenesis of the Renal Parenchyma

  • Chapter
Nephrotoxicity in the experimental and clinical situation

Part of the book series: Developments in Nephrology ((DINE,volume 19-20))

Abstract

The most prevalent renal neoplasm in man is renal cell carcinoma, accounting for 85% of the malignancies in this organ27. Although it is not amongst the leading causes of cancer-related deaths in the United States, kidney carcinoma nevertheless is an unpredictable tumour with a poor prognosis, as more than one-third of patients have obvious metastatic disease at the time of clinical diagnosis83, and many others will develop metastases later141. Furthermore the neoplasm is relatively refractory to chemotherapeutics and radiation, whereas aggressive surgical management of the advanced disease results in a 5-year survival rate of only 35%141. It is estimated that deaths in the United States from renal malignancies will approximate 8,900 in 1985156, and most of these will be due to renal cell carcinoma. The cancer has an even higher relative incidence in Scandinavian countries. In Iceland, for example, kidney carcinoma ranks fifth in the list of most common malignancies in males, but tenth in females172. As a further consideration for concern, epidemiological evidence suggests that the incidence rate for renal parenchymal tumours in man is on the increase24,142. Consequently, the study of experimental models of renal epithelial carcinogenesis in laboratory animals for the purpose of elucidating the possible causes, pathogenesis, and molecular mechanisms involved in cancer induction, as well as for the devising and testing of therapeutic modalities, is an important aspect of the overall cancer research effort. Although renal neoplasms can be produced in animals by viral agency or irradiation, consideration will be given here only to the induction of epithelial tumours of the renal parenchyma by chemical carcinogens.

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    P. H. Bach

  2. Biochemical Toxicology Section, Imperial Chemical Industries plc, Alderley Park, Macclesfield, Cheshire, England

    E. A. Lock

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Hard, G.C. (1987). Chemically Induced Epithelial Tumours and Carcinogenesis of the Renal Parenchyma. In: Bach, P.H., Lock, E.A. (eds) Nephrotoxicity in the experimental and clinical situation. Developments in Nephrology, vol 19-20. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-3367-5_7

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