Abstract
The anisotropic nature exhibited by compact bone has been well documented in the literature, with differences in mechanical behaviour measured between orientations parallel to (designated as longitudinal) or normal (designated as transverse) to the long axis of the bone (1–5). Several investigators have studied the influence of a variation in the direction of osteons in bone in relation to the associated tensile, compressive and torsional deformation properties (6–10). but only limited data has been previously reported on the fracture characteristics as evaluated by Kc (the critical stress intensity factor) (11) and Gc (the critical strain energy release rate) as a function of orientation.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Bonfield, W. and Li, C. H., “Deformation and fracture of bone”, J. Appl. Phys., 37. pp. 869–875 (1966).
Melvin, J.W. and Evans, F. G., ASME Biomaterials Symposium. Detroit. MI. (1973).
Margel-Robertson, D., Ph.D. Thesis. University of Stanford. CA (1973).
Bonfield, R. and Datta, P.K., “Fracture toughness of compact bone”. J. Biomechanics. 9. pp. 131–134. (1976).
Bonfield, W. and Datta, P. K., “Impact fracture of compact bone in a shock tube”. J. Mater. Sci., 9. pp. 1609–1614. (1974).
Hirsch, C. and Da Silva, O., “The effect of orientation on some mechanical properties of femoral cortical specimens” Acta. Orthop. Scand. 38(1) pp.45–56 (1967).
Pope, M.H. and Outwater, J. O., “Mechanical properties of bone as a function of position and orientation” J. Biomech., 7, pp. 61–66 (1974).
Bargren, J. H., Andres, C., Bassett, L., and Gjelsvik, A., “Mechanical properties of hydrated cortical bone” J. Biomech., 7, pp. 239–245 (1974).
Reilly, D.T., and Burstein, A. H., “The elastic and ultimate properties of compact bone tissue”, J. Biomech. 8. pp. 393–405 (1975).
Bonfield, W., and Grynpas, M. D., “Anisotropy of the Young’s modulus of bone”. Nature. 270, no. 5636 pp. 453–454 (1977).
Bonfield, W., Behiri, J.C., and Charalambides, B., “Orientation and age-related dependence of the fracture toughness of cortical bone”. Fourth Meeting of the European Society of Biomechanics. Davos. Switzerland, 196 (1984).
Bonfield, W., Grynpas, M. D. and Young, R. J., “Crack velocity and the fracture of bone”. J. Biomech., 11, pp. 473–479. (1978).
Behiri, J.C. and Bonfield, W., “Crack velocity dependence of longitudinal fracture in bone”. J. Mater. Sci., 15, pp. 1841–1849. (1980).
Behiri, J.C. and Bonfield, W., “Fracture mechanics of cortical bone”. Biomechanics: Principles and Applications (Edited by Huiskes, Van Campen, D. and De Wijn, J.), pp. 247–251. Martinus Nijhoff, The Hague (1982).
Behiri, J.C. and Bonfield, W., “Fracture mechanics of bone — the effects of density, specimen thickness and crack velocity on longitudinal fracture”. J. Biomech., 17. pp. 25–34. (1984).
Wright, T. M. and Hayes, W.C., (1971) “Fracture mechanics parameters for compact bone — effects of density and specimen thickness” J. Biomechanics 10, 419–430 (1977).
Williams, D. D. and Evans, A. G., “A simple method for studying slow crack growth”. J. of Testing and Evaluation V. 1. p. 264 (1973).
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1987 Martinus Nijhoff Publishers, Dordrecht
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Behiri, J.C., Bonfield, W., Charalambides, B. (1987). Mechanisms of Crack Propagation in Cortical Bone. In: Bergmann, G., Kölbel, R., Rohlmann, A. (eds) Biomechanics: Basic and Applied Research. Developments in Biomechanics, vol 3. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-3355-2_27
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-3355-2_27
Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht
Print ISBN: 978-94-010-8007-1
Online ISBN: 978-94-009-3355-2
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive