Epidemiology of Cerebral Palsy and Other Major Neurodevelopmental Impairments — Relations to Perinatal Events

Abstract

The type of epidemiological research referred to in this survey implies detailed mapping and analysis of available data for population-based series of children with neurodevelopmental impairments. The aim of the present survey was to investigate not only prevalence rates and their changes over time, but also the background patterns underlying the possible origin of the conditions and the variations of disability. The studies are retrospective. Their informative value depends firstly on a strict use of defined criteria for inclusion and exclusion of cases, secondly on the existence and reliability of data from obstetric and neonatological records of all cases, and thirdly on the establishment of a homogeneous system for follow-up and for criteria for diagnosis and classification of disabilities. In Sweden there are good opportunities for carrying out such studies, in particular through the structure of the national health service, and especially the conformably organized neuropaediatrics and habilitation of the handicapped child all over the country. The relative facility of ascertainment of cases and follow-up in a sparsely populated country like ours is also of advantage.