Abstract
It is well accepted that during excitation-contraction coupling calcium entry into cardiac cell, following the upstroke of the action potential, triggers calcium release from the sarcoplasmic reticulum [1, 2, 3]. The released calcium activates the contractile apparatus and is subsequently together with calcium that entered the cell during the action potential partially sequestered in the sarcoplasmic reticulum. The remainder of the calcium leaves the cell through the membrane, partly [4] in exchange for Na+ partly transported by the Ca2+ pump. Ca2+ efflux through the membrane must in the steady state balance the influx during the action potential, while the calcium that is sequestered by the sarcoplasmic reticulum returns with some delay to the release sites [5]. The Ca2+ transport processes are reflected in: i) the electrical properties of the cell and ii) the relation between twitch force and the preceeding interval.
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Ter Keurs, H.E.D.J., Schouten, V.J.A., Bucx, J.J., Mulder, B.M., De Tombe, P.P. (1987). Excitation-contraction coupling in myocardium: implications of calcium release and Na/Ca exchange. In: Ter Keurs, H.E.D.J., Tyberg, J.V. (eds) Mechanics of the Circulation. Developments in Cardiovascular Medicine, vol 69. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-3311-8_4
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-3311-8_4
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