Skip to main content

Part of the book series: Developments in Cardiovascular Medicine ((DICM,volume 63))

Abstract

The function of intravascular volume is to ensure the adequacy of the circulation, i.e. a cardiac output adapted to the metabolic needs of the tissues. The adequacy of the circulation depends on its filling pressure, especially on the filling pressure of the heart [1, 2]. For the overall circulatory system, a well-defined relationship must exist between changes in blood volume and changes in circulatory filling pressure [1]. The slope of the relationship between intravascular volume and pressure defines vascular compliance, which reflects the inherent elasticity of the vascular system [1, 2]. Changes in vascular. compliance are of primary importance in the control of cardiovascular function and extracellular fluid volume regulation [1, 2, 3].

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 39.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 54.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. Gauer OH, Henry JP (1976): Neurohumoral control of plasma volume. In: Guyton AC, Cowley AW (eds.) Intern Rev Physiol Cardiovascular Physiol II, Vol. 9, Baltimore, University Park Press, pp 145–190.

    Google Scholar 

  2. Guyton AC, Coleman TG, Granger HJ (1982): Circulation: Overall Regulation. Annu Rev Physiol 1972, 34: 13.

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. Seely JF, Levy M (1981): Control of extracellular fluid volume. In: Brenner BM, Rector FC (eds.) The Kidney, Philadelphia, Saunders, pp 371–407.

    Google Scholar 

  4. Chau NP, Coleman TG, London GM, Safar ME (1982): Meaning of the cardiac output-blood volume relationship in essential hypertension. American Journal of Physiology 243: R318–R328.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. Safar ME, Chau NP, Weiss YA, London GM, Simon AC, Milliez PL (1976): The pressurevolume relationship in normotensive and permanent essential hypertensive patients. Clin Sci Mol Med 50: 207–212.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Tarazi RC, Dustan HP, Frohlich ED (1968): Plasma volume in men with essential hypertension. New Engl J Med 762: 278–284.

    Google Scholar 

  7. Tarazi RC, Dustan HP, Frohlich ED (1969): Relation of plasma to interstitial fluid volume in essential hypertension. Circulation 40: 357–364.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Ulrych M, Frohlich ED, Tarazi RC, Dustan HP, Page IH (1969): Cardiac output and distribution of blood volume in central and peripheral circulations in hypertensive and normotensive man. Brit Heart J 570: 31–42.

    Google Scholar 

  9. London GM, Safar ME, Weiss YA, Simon AC (1978): Total effective compliance of the vascular bed in essential hypertension. Amer Heart J 95: 325–330.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. London GM, Safar ME, Simon AC, Alexandre JM, Levenson JA, Weiss YA (1978): Total effective compliance, cardiac output and fluid volumes in essential hypertension. Circulation 57: 995–1000.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. London GM, Safar ME, Levenson JA, Simon AC, Temmar MA (1981): Renal filtration fraction, effective vascular compliance and partition of fluid volumes and sustained essential hypertension. Kidney Int 20: 97–103.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. Tarazi RC (1976): Hemodynamic role of extracellular fluid in hypertension. Circ Res (Suppl. II) 73: 38–47.

    Google Scholar 

  13. Cooper KE (1981): Functional aspects of the venous system. In: Schwartz CJ, Werthessen NT, Wolf S (eds.) Structure and function of the circulation. New York, Plenum, Vol. 2, pp 457–485.

    Chapter  Google Scholar 

  14. Rothe CF (1983): The venous system. The physiology of the capacitance vessels. In: Shelpherd JT, Abboud FM (eds.) Handbook of physiology. The cardiovascular system. Peripheral circulation and organ blood flow. Vol. III, sect. 2, Bethesda. Am Physiol Soc, pp 397–452.

    Google Scholar 

  15. Shepherd JT, Vanhoutte PM (1975): Veins and their control. Philadelphia, Saunders, Vol. 1, p 269.

    Google Scholar 

  16. London GM, Safar ME, Safar AL, Simon ACh (1985): Blood pressure in the ‘low-pressure system’ and cardiac performance in essential hypertension. J Hypertension 3: 337–342.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. Green JF (1977): Mechanical concepts in cardiovascular and pulmonary physiology. Philadelphia, Lea & Fibiger, p 166.

    Google Scholar 

  18. Shoukas AA, Sagawa K (1971): Total systemic vascular compliance measured as incremental volume-pressure ratio. Circ Res 277: 28–37.

    Google Scholar 

  19. Guyton AC (1963): Mean circulatory pressure, mean systemic pressure and mean pulmonary pressure and their effect on venous return. In: Circulating Physiology. Cardiac output and its regulation. Philadelphia, Saunders, pp 193–208.

    Google Scholar 

  20. Shoukas AA, Sagawa K (1973): Control of total systemic vascular capacity by the carotid sinus baroreceptor reflex. Circ Res 32: 33–39.

    Google Scholar 

  21. Echt M, Duweling J, Gauer OH, Lange L (1974): Effective compliance of the total vascular bed and the intrathoracic compartment derived from changes in central venous pressure induced by volume changes in man. Circ Res 34: 61–72.

    Google Scholar 

  22. Drees JA, Rothe CF (1974): Reflex venoconstriction and capacity vessels pressure-volume relationships in dog. Circ Res 360: 34–44.

    Google Scholar 

  23. Harlan JC, Smith EE, Richardson TO (1967): Pressure volume curves of systemic and pulmonary circuit. Am J Physiol 1499: 213–219.

    Google Scholar 

  24. Engelberg J, Dubois AB (1959): Mechanisms of pulmonary circulation in isolated rabbit lungs. Am J Physiol 401: 196–208.

    Google Scholar 

  25. Maseri A, Caldini P, Horward P, Josmi RC, Permutt S, Zierler KL (1972): Determinants of pulmonary vascular volume recruitment versus distensibility. Circ Res 218: 31–38.

    Google Scholar 

  26. Gauer OH (1978): Mechanoreceptors in the intrathoracic circulation and plasma volume control. In: Epstein M (ed.), The Kidney in liver disease. Vol. 1, New York, Elsevier, pp 3–17.

    Google Scholar 

  27. Simon AC, Safar ME, Levenson JA, London JM, Levy BI, Chau NP (1979): An evaluation of large arteries compliance in man. Am J Physiology 235 (5): H550–554.

    Google Scholar 

  28. London GM, Safar ME, Payen DM, Gitelman RC, Guerin AM (1982): Total peripheral and intrathoracic effective compliances of the vascular bed in normotensive and hypertensive patients. In: Brod J (ed.) Contribution to nephrology, Basel, Karger, pp. 144–153.

    Google Scholar 

  29. Ricksten SE, Yao T, Thoren P (1981): Peripheral and central Vascular compliances in conscious normotensive and spontaneously hypertensive rats. Acta Physiol Scand 112: 167–169.

    Google Scholar 

  30. Trippodo NC, Yamamoto J, Frohlich ED (1981): Whole-body venous capacity and effective total tissue compliance in SHR. Hypertension 3: 104–111.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  31. Safar ME, London GM Simon AC, Chau NP (1983): Volume factors, total exchangeable sodium and potassium in hypertension disease. In: Genest J, Kuchel O, Hamet P, Cantin M (eds), Hypertension Physiopathology and treatment. New York, McGraw Hill, pp 42–54.

    Google Scholar 

  32. Parving MH, Gyntelberg F (1973): Transcapillary escape rate of albumin and plasma volume in essential hypertension. Circ Res 643: 32–39.

    Google Scholar 

  33. Ulrych M (1973): Plasma volume decrease and elevated Evans blue disappearance rate in essential hypertension. Clin Sci Mol Med 173: 45–52.

    Google Scholar 

  34. Messerli FH, Christie B, DeCarvalho JGR, Aristimuno GG, Suarez DH, Dreslinski GR, Frohlich ED (1981): Obesity and essential hypertension. Arch Int Med 141: 81–86.

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  35. Chau NP, Tarazi RC, Fouad FM, Safar ME, Birkenhager WH, De Leeuw PW (1982): Index for normalization of blood volume. Clin Sci 63: 375S-377S.

    Google Scholar 

  36. Julius S, Pascual AV, Reilly K, London R (1971): Abnormalities of plasma volume in borderline hypertension. Arch Intern Med 127: 116–119.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  37. London GM, Levenson JA, London AM, Simon AC, Safar ME (1984): Systemic compliance, renal hemodynamics and sodium excretion in hypertension. Kidney Int 26: 342–350.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  38. London GM, Levenson JA, Safar ME, Simon AC, Guerin AP, Payen D (1983): Hemodynamic effects of head-down tilt in normal subjects and sustained hypertensive patients. Am J Physiol 245 (Heart Circ Physiol 14): H194–H202.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  39. London GM, Safar ME, Weiss YA, Corvol PL, Lehner JP, Menard JM, Simon AC, Milliez PL (1977): Volume-dependent parameters in essential hypertension. Kidney International 11:204–208.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  40. Safar ME, London GM, Weiss YA, Milliez PL (1975): Altered blood volume regulation in sustained essential hypertension. A hemodynamic study. Kidney International 8: 42–47.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  41. Ferlinz J (1980): Right ventricular performance in essential hypertension. Circulation 61: 156–162.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  42. Ulrych M, Hofman J, Hejl Z (1964): Cardiac and renal hyperresponsiveness to acute plasma volume expansion in hypertension. Am Heart J 68: 193–199.

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  43. Safar ME, London GM, Levenson JA, Simon AC, Chau NP (1979): Rapid dextran infusion in essential hypertension. Hypertension 1: 615.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  44. Safar ME, London GM (1985): Venous system in essential hypertension. Clinical Science 69: 497–504.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  45. London GM, Safar ME, Sassard J, Levenson JA, Simon AC (1984): Renal and systemic hemodynamics in sustained essential hypertension. Hypertension 6: 743–754.

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  46. Merillon JP, Motte G, Masquet C, Azancot I, Curien ND, Guiomard A, Gourgon R (1982): Inter relation entre les propriétés physiques du système artériel et la performance ventriculaire gauche lors du vieillissement et dans l’hypertension artérielle. In: l’Hypertrophie Ventriculaire Gauche, pp 95–104, Ed. Brutsaert DL, Masson, Paris.

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Authors

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1987 Martinus Nijhoff Publishers, Dordrecht.

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

London, G.M., Safar, M.E. (1987). Venous compliance in essential hypertension. In: Safar, M.E., London, G.M., Simon, A.C., Weiss, Y.A. (eds) Arterial and Venous Systems in Essential Hypertension. Developments in Cardiovascular Medicine, vol 63. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-3303-3_4

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-3303-3_4

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht

  • Print ISBN: 978-94-010-7983-9

  • Online ISBN: 978-94-009-3303-3

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics