Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Pathology of Ankylosing Spondylitis

  • Chapter
Ankylosing Spondylitis

Part of the book series: New Clinical Application Rheumatology ((NCRH,volume 1))

Abstract

There has been increasing interest generally in ankylosing spondylitis (AS) over the past 10 to 15 years. Pathological studies, notably the work of Cruickshank1–3, Ball4–6 and Bulkley and Roberts7, have proved central to our present understanding of this disease. They have firstly demonstrated the inflammatory nature of AS; secondly emphasized the balance between inflammatory tissue damage and subsequent repair in the pathogenesis of the disease and thirdly defined the precise distribution of the inflammatory lesions.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this chapter

Log in via an institution
Chapter
USD 29.95
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
eBook
USD 39.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Available as EPUB and PDF
  • Read on any device
  • Instant download
  • Own it forever
Softcover Book
USD 54.99
Price excludes VAT (USA)
  • Compact, lightweight edition
  • Dispatched in 3 to 5 business days
  • Free shipping worldwide - see info

Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout

Purchases are for personal use only

Institutional subscriptions

Preview

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.

References

  1. Cruickshank, B. (1956). Lesions of cartilaginous joints in ankylosing spondylitis. J. Pathol. Bacteriol., 71, 73–84

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. Cruickshank, B. (1966). Discussion Arthritis Rounds (5). Arthritis Rheum., 9, 744–5

    Google Scholar 

  3. Cruickshank, B. (1971). Pathology of ankylosing spondylitis. Clin. Orthop. Rel. Res., 74, 43–58

    Google Scholar 

  4. Ball, J. (1968). In Duthie, J.J.R. and Alexander, W.R.M. (eds.) Rheumatic Diseases, Pfizer Medical Monographs, No. 3, p. 124. (Edinburgh University Press)

    Google Scholar 

  5. Ball, J. (1971). Enthesopathy of rheumatoid and ankylosing spondylitis. Ann. Rheum. Dis., 30, 213–23

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. Ball, J. (1979). Articular pathology of ankylosing spondylitis. Clin. Orthop. Rel. Res., 143, 30–37

    Google Scholar 

  7. Bulkley, B. H. and Roberts, W.C. (1973). Ankylosing spondylitis and aortic regurgitation.Circulation, 48, 1014–27

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Brewerton, D. A. (1975). HL-A27 and acute anterior uveitis. Ann. Rheum. Dis., 34 (Suppl. No. 1), 33–5

    Google Scholar 

  9. Lambert, J. R. and Wright, Y. (1976). Eye inflammation in psoriatic arthritis. Ann. Rheum. Dis., 35, 354–6

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  10. Freemont, A. J. and Rutley, C. (1986). The distribution of immunoglobulin heavy chains in diseased synovia. J. Clin. Pathol., 39, 731–5

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. Freemont, A.J., Jones, C.J.P., Bromley, M. and Andrews, P. (1984). Changes in vascular endothelium related to lymphocyte collections in diseased synovia. Arthritis Rheum., 26, 1427–33

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. Kulka, J. P. (1962). The lesions of Reiter’s syndrome. Arthritis Rheum., 5, 195–201

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. Vernon-Roberts, B., Barnes, C.G. and Revell, P.A. (1978). Synovial pathology in Behcet’s syndrome. Ann. Rheum. Dis., 37, 139–45

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. Kendall, M.J., Farr, M., Meynell, M.J. and Hawkins, C.F. (1973). Synovial fluid in ankylosing spondylitis. Ann. Rheum. Dis., 32,487–92

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. Pekin, T. J., Malinin, T. I., Zvaifler, N. J. (1967). Unusual synovial fluid findings in Reiter’s syndrome. Ann. Intern. Med., 66, 677–84

    PubMed  Google Scholar 

  16. Freemont, A. J. and Denton, J. (1985). The disease distribution of synovial fluid mast cells and cytophagocytic mononuclear cells in inflammatory arthritis. Ann. Rheum. Dis., 44, 312–15

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. Fehr, K. (1976). In Wagenhauser, F.J. (ed.) Chronic Forms of Polyarthritis. pp. 116–5. (Bern: Hans Huber)

    Google Scholar 

  18. Geczy, A. F. and Yap, J. (1982). A summary of isolates of Klebsiella Pneumonia which cross-react with HLA-B27-associated cell-surface structure on the lymphocytes of patients with ankylosing spondylitis. J. Rheumatol., 9, 96–100

    Google Scholar 

  19. Jayson, M. I. V. (1983). NASS Newsletter. Autumn/Winter

    Google Scholar 

  20. Ball, J (1980). In Moll, J. M. H. (ed.) Ankylosing Spondylitis. (Edinburgh: Churchill Livinstone)

    Google Scholar 

  21. Kinsella, T. D., MacDonald, F. R. and Johnson, L. G. (1966). Ankylosing spondylitis: a late re-evaluation of 92 cases. Can. Med. Assoc. J., 5, 1–9

    Google Scholar 

  22. Dihlmann, W. (1968). Spondylitis ankylopoetica-die Bechterewsche Krankheit. (Stuttgart: Thieme)

    Google Scholar 

  23. Sundaram, M. and Patton, J. T. (1975). Paravertebral ossification in psoriasis and Reiter’s disease. Br. J. Radiol., 48, 628–33

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  24. Bywaters, E. G. L. and Dixon, A. StJ. (1965). Paravertebral ossification in psoriatic arthritis.Ann. Rheum. Dis., 24, 313–30

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  25. Ashley, G.T. (1954). The morphological and pathological significance of synostosis at the manubrio-sternal joint. Thorax., 9, 159–66

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  26. Savill, D. L. (1951). The manubrio-sternal joint in ankylosing spondylitis. J. Bone Jt Surg. (Br.), 33-B, 56–64

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  27. Solovay, J. and Gardner, C. (1951). Involvement of the manubrio-sternal joint in Marie-Strumpel disease. Am. J. Roentgenol. Radiother., 65, 749–59

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  28. Harris, N. H. (1974). Lesions of the symphysis pubis in women. Br. Med. J., 4, 209–11

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  29. Harris, N. H. and Murray, R. O. (1974). Lesions of the symphysis in athletes. Br. Med. J., 4, 211–14

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  30. Geiler, G. (1969). Die spondylarthritis ankylopoetica aus pathologisch-anatomischer sieht.Dtsch. Med. Wochenschr., 94, 1185–8

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  31. Aufdermaur, M. (1957). The morbid anatomy of ankylosing spondylitis.Documenta rheumatologia, Geigy, No. 2

    Google Scholar 

  32. Cocchi, U. (1951). Hereditary diseases with bone changes, In Schintz, H. R., Baensch, W. E., Friede, E. and Uelinger, E. (eds.) Roentgen Diagnosis, 5th Edn. (English translation), Vol. 1, p. 644 (London: Heinemann)

    Google Scholar 

  33. Thompson, R. C. and Bassett, C.A. (1970). Histological observations on experimentally induced degeneration of articular cartilage. J. Bone Jt Surg. (Am.),52-A, 435–43

    Google Scholar 

  34. Ball, J., Sharp, J. and Shaw, N. (1978). In Scott, J.T. (ed.) Textbook of the Rheumatic Diseases, p. 595. (Edinburgh: Churchill Livingstone)

    Google Scholar 

  35. Rutishauser, E. and Jacqueline, F. (1959). Les Coxites rhumatismales. Documenta Rheumatologica, Geigy, No. 16

    Google Scholar 

  36. Dihlmann, W., Lindenfelser, R. and Selberg, W. (1977). Sakroiliakale histo-morphologie der ankylosierenden spondylitis als Beitrag zur therapie. Dtsch. Med. Wochenschr., 102, 129–32

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  37. Davidson, C., Wajtulewski, J. A., Bacon, P. A. and Winstock, D. (1975). Tem-peromandibular joint disease in ankylosing spondylitis. Ann. Rheum. Dis., 34, 87–91

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  38. Resnick, D. (1974). Patterns of peripheral joint disease in ankylosing spondylitis. Radiology, 110, 523–32

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  39. Cawley, M. I. D., Chalmers, T. M., Kellgren, J. H. and Ball, J. (1972). Destructive lesions of vertebral bodies in ankylosing spondylitis. Ann. Rheum. Dis., 31, 345–58

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  40. Kanefield, D.G., Mullins, B.P., Freehafer, A. A., Furey, J.G., Horenstein, S. and Chamberlin, W. B. (1969). Destructive lesions of the spine in rheumatoid ankylosing spondylitis. J. Bone Jt Surg. (Am.), 51-A, 1369–75

    Google Scholar 

  41. Yau, A. C. M. C. and Chan, R. N. W. (1974). Stress fractures of the fused dorso-lumbar spine in ankylosing spondylitis. Bone Jt Surg. (Br.), 56-B, 681–7.

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  42. Schmorl, G. and Junghans, H. (1957). The human spine in health and disease, 4th Edn. (New York: Grune and Stratton)

    Google Scholar 

  43. Rivelis, M. and Freiberger, R. H. (1969). Vertebral destruction at unfused segments in late ankylosing spondylitis. Radiology, 93, 251–6

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  44. Dunn, N., Preston, B. and Jones, K. L. (1985). Unexplained acute backache in longstanding ankylosing spondylitis. Br. Med. J., 291, 1632–5

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  45. Hilton, R.C., Ball, J. and Benn, R. T. (1976). Vertebral end-plate lesions (Schmorl’s nodes) in the dorsolumbar spine. Ann. Rheum. Dis., 35 127–31

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  46. Hanson, C. A., Shagrin, J. W. and Duncan, H. (1971). Vertebral osteoporosis in ankylosing spondylitis. Clin. Orthop. Rel. Res., 74, 59–64

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  47. Coste, F., Delbarre, F., Cayla, J., Massias, P. and Beaslay, E. (1963). Spondylites destructives dans la spondylarthrite ankylosante. Presse Medical, 71, 1013

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  48. Sutherland, R. I.L. and Matheson, D. (1975). Inflammatory involvement of vertebrae in ankylosing spondylitis. J. Rheumatol., 2, 296–302

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  49. Wright, V. and Moll, J.M.H. (1976). In Sero-negative polyarthritis. (Oxford: North-Holland)

    Google Scholar 

  50. Lambert, J.R., Wright, V., Rajah, S.M. and Moll, J.M.H. (1976). Histocompatibility antigens in psoriatic arthritis. Ann. Rheum. Dis., 35, 526–30

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  51. Graham, D. C. and Smythe, H. A. (1958). The carditis and aortitis of ankylosing spondylitis. Bull. Rheum. Dis., 9, 171–4

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  52. Kinsella, T.D., Johnson, L.G. and Sutherland, R.I. (1974). Cardiovascular manifestations of amylosing spondylitis.Can. Med. Assoc. J., 111, 1309–11

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  53. Zvaifler, N.J. and Weintraub, A. M. (1963). Aortitis and aortic insufficiency in the chronic rheumatic disorders-a reappraisal. Arthritis Rheum., 6, 241–5

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  54. Paulus, H.E., Pearson, C. M. and Pitts, W. (1972). Aortic insufficiency in five patients with Reiter’s syndrome. Am. J. Med., 53, 464–80

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  55. Clark, W.S., Kulka, P. and Bauer, W. (1957). Rheumatoid aortitis with aortic regurgitation. An unusual manifestation of rheumatoid arthritis (including spondylitis). Am. J. Med., 22, 580–92

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  56. Roberts, W.C., Hollingsworth, J.F., Bulkley, B.H., Jaffe, R.B., Epstein, S.E. and Stinson, E. B. (1974). Combined mitral and aortic regurgitation in ankylosing spondylitis. Am. J. Med., 56, 237–43

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  57. Sobin, L. H. and Hagstrom, J. W. C. (1962). Lesions of cardiac conduction tissue in rheumatoid aortitis. J. Am. Med. Assoc., 180, 1–5

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  58. Brown, W. M.C. and Doll, R. (1965). Mortality from cancer and other causes after radiotherapy for ankylosing spondylitis. Br. Med. J., ii, 1327

    Article  Google Scholar 

  59. Vale, J. A., Pickering, J. G. and Scott, G. W. (1974). Ankylosing spondylitis and upper lobe fibrosis and cavitation. Guy’s Hosp. Rep., 123, 97–119

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  60. Calin, A. (1975). Renal function in ankylosing spondylitis. Scand. J. Rheumatol., 4, 241–2

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  61. Pasternack, A., Tallquist, G. and Martio, J. (1970). Renal vascular changes in ankylosing spondylitis. Acta Medica Scand., 187, 519–23

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  62. Linder, E. and Pasternack, A. (1970). Immunofluorescence studies on kidney biopsies in ankylosing spondylitis. Acta Pathologica et Microbiologica Scand., 78B, 517–25

    Google Scholar 

  63. McCluskey, R.T. and Hall, C. L. (1978). Immune complex mediated disease. Human Pathol., 9, 71–82

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  64. Jennette, J. C., Fergusson, A. L. and Moore, M.A. (1982). IgA nephropathy associated with seronegative spondylarthropathies. Arthritis Rheum., 25, 144–53

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  65. Hobbs, J. R. (1978). Genetic disease and amyloid. J. Clin. Pathol., 31 (Suppl. 12) (Royal College of Pathologists), 128–31

    Google Scholar 

  66. Dilsen, N.A. (1973). Ankylosing spondylitis in familial mediterranean fever. Proceedings of XIII International Congress of Rheumatology, Kyoto. Abstract No. 364, Excerpta Medica Congress, Series No. 299

    Google Scholar 

  67. Pasternack, A. and Tiilikainen, A. (1977). Cited by Russell, A. S. and Barra-clough, D. R. E. In Brewerton, D. A. (ed.) Clinics in Rheumatology, Vol. 3, No. 2. (London: Saunders),12, 365–75

    Google Scholar 

  68. Mason, R. M., Murray, R. S. and Oates, J. K. (1958). Prostatitis and ankylosing spondylitis. Br. Med. J., i, 748–52

    Article  Google Scholar 

  69. Matthews, W. B. (1968). The neurological complications of ankylosing spondylitis. J. Neurol. Sci., 6, 561–73

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  70. Russell, M.L., Gordon, D.A., Ogryzlo, M.A. and McPhedran, R.S. (1973). Cauda equina lesio associated with rheumatoid spondylitis. Ann. Intern. Med., 78, 551–7

    PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

  71. Veerapen, K., Dieppe, P. A., Veerapen, R. and Griffith, H.B. (1986). ‘The last joint’ syndrome in ankylosing spondylitis.Br. Med. J., 293, 368

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  72. Boland, E. W., Headley, N. E. and Hench, D. S. (1948). The cerebrospinal fluid in rheumatoid spondylitis. Ann. Rheum. Dis., 7, 195–9

    Article  PubMed  CAS  Google Scholar 

Download references

Authors
  1. A. J. Freemont
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Editor information

Editors and Affiliations

  1. University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA

    John J. Calabro MD, FACP (Professor of Medicine and Pediatrics, Director of Rheumatology) (Professor of Medicine and Pediatrics, Director of Rheumatology)

  2. Saint Vincent Hospital, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA

    John J. Calabro MD, FACP (Professor of Medicine and Pediatrics, Director of Rheumatology) (Professor of Medicine and Pediatrics, Director of Rheumatology)

  3. Department of Rheumatology, Royal Victoria Infirmary, NE1 4LP, Newcastle-upon-Tyne, UK

    W. Carson Dick MD (Glas.), MBChB, FRCP (Land.)

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

Copyright information

© 1987 MTP Press Limited

About this chapter

Cite this chapter

Freemont, A.J. (1987). Pathology of Ankylosing Spondylitis. In: Calabro, J.J., Dick, W.C. (eds) Ankylosing Spondylitis. New Clinical Application Rheumatology, vol 1. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-3231-9_1

Download citation

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-3231-9_1

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht

  • Print ISBN: 978-94-010-7950-1

  • Online ISBN: 978-94-009-3231-9

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

Publish with us

Policies and ethics

Search

Navigation