Synopsis
Study of 314 specimens of Rhinichthys cataractae from British Columbia, Alberta, and Wyoming, lead to the following conclusions: (1) Rhinichthys cataractae smithi Nichols, 1916, is a valid subspecies, endemic to Cave and Basin Hotsprings and distinguished by 48–58 as opposed to 58–74 lateral line scales; (2) between 1925 and 1971. R. c. smithi hybridized with the eastern subspecies R. c. cataractae (Valenciennes, 1842) from the Bow River and by 1981 the former had undergone almost complete introgression and was virtually extinct; (3) probable factors leading to this are introduction of tropical fishes into the hotsprings and periodic reduction of inflow from the hotsprings; (4) the closest relative of R. c. smithi is R. c. cataractae, rather than the westslope longnose dace (without a scientific name) inhabiting the Pacific basin; (5) the low number of lateral line scales of R. c. smithi may be a pleomeristic response to dwarfing; (6) R. c. smithi develops breeding tubercles at sizes as small as 21.1 mm SL, whereas R. c. cataractae develop them at 36.3 mm SL in Alberta; (7) introductions should not be made into a body of water prior to the study of its native fishes and consultation with experts in taxonomy and distribution of rare fishes. R. c. smithi is illustrated for the first time.
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Renaud, C.B., McAllister, D.E. (1988). Taxonomic status of the extinct Banff longnose dace, Rhinichthys cataractae smithi, of Banff National Park, Alberta. In: McAllister, D.E., Kott, E. (eds) On lampreys and fishes. Developments in environmental biology of fishes, vol 8. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-3115-2_8
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