Abstract
An instrument was designed to measure the vertical flux of SO2 in the lower troposphere based on the eddy correlation technique. Differential absorption spectroscopy in the UV region (300nm) together with a White cell was used to measure SO2 concentration fluctuations without interferences from other sulphur compounds. The concentration resolution achieved to date for SO2, 2.8 µg/m3, is mainly limited by the available optics. A better design should lower the concentration resolution to 0.1 µg/m3. Preliminary measurements over patchy terrain covered with pine and beech trees and small buildings showed considerable variability in the apparent deposition velocity of SO2 ranging from +2.5cm/s and -2.5cm/s, with a mean value of 0.36cm/s for a 24 hour interval.
Chapter PDF
Similar content being viewed by others
Keywords
These keywords were added by machine and not by the authors. This process is experimental and the keywords may be updated as the learning algorithm improves.
References
Brutsaert, W. 1979. Heat and mass transfer to and from surfaces with dense vegatation or similar permeable roughness. Boundary-Layer Meteorology 16, 365–388.
Businger, J.A. 1986. Evaluation of the accuracy with which dry deposition can be measured with current micrometeorological techniques. Journal of Climate and Applied Meteorology 25, 1100–1124.
Campbell, G.S. and Unsworth, M.H. 1979. An inexpensive sonic anemometer for eddy correlation. J. app. Met. 18, 1072.
Fowler, D. and Cape, J.N. 1982. Dry deposition of SO2 on to Scots pine forest. In: Precipitation Scavenging and Resuspension. Elsevier Science Publishing Co. Inc., New York, 763–772.
Galbally, I.E., Garland, J.A. and Wilson, M.J.G. 1979. Sulphur uptake from the atmosphere by forest and farmland. Nature 280, 49–50.
Garland, J.A. 1977. The dry deposition of sulphur dioxide to land and water surfaces. Proc. R. Soc. Lond. A. 354, 245–268.
Hicks, B.B. 1978. An examination of some micrometeorological methods for measuring dry deposition. EPA-Report, PB 285 765.
Kaimal, J.C. 1975. Sensors and techniques for direct measurements of turbulent fluxes and profiles in the atmosphere surface layer. Atmospheric Technology 7, 7–14.
Kessler, C. 1979. UV-Spektroskopische Bestimmung der trockenen Deposition von SO2 and NO2 mittels Gradientenmethode. Diplomarbeit Institute für Umweltphysik, Ruprecht Karls Universität Heidelberg.
Lumley, J.L. and H.A. Panofsky. 1964. The structure of atmospheric turbulence. Interscience, John Wiley and Sons.
McBean, G.A. and M. Miyake. 1972. Turbulent transfer mechanism in the atmospheric surface layer. Quart. J.R. Met. Soc. 98, 383–398.
Nestlen, M.G. 1984. Ein neues Meßgerät zur Bestimmung der trockene Deposition von SO2 mit Hilfe der Eddy-Korrelationsmethode. Dissertation, Institut für Umweltphysik der Ruprecht Karls Universität Heidelberg.
Neumann, H.H. and G. den Hartog. 1985. Eddy correlation measurements of atmospheric fluxes of ozone, sulphur, and particulates during the Champaign intercomparison study. J. of Geophys. Res. 90, No. Dl, 2097–2110.
Panofsky, H.A. and E. Mares. 1968. Recent measurements of cospectra for heat-flux and stress. Quart. J.R. Met. Soc. 94, 2097–2110.
Pasquill, F. 1974. Atmospheric Diffusion. Halstead press, New York, 429pp.
Perner, D. 1979. Optischer Nachweis von Spurenstoffen in der Atmosphaure KFA-Mitteilungen, 1–2.
Platt, U., D. Perner and H.W. Pätz. 1979. Simultaneous measurement of atmospheric CH2O, O3 and NO2 by differential optical absorption. J. Geophs. Res. 84, No. 10, 6329–6335.
Roth, R. 1975. Der vertikale Transport von Luftbeimengungen in der Prandtl-Schicht und die Deposition-Velocity. Meteorol. Rdsch. 28, 65–71.
Webb, E.K., G.I. Pearman and R. Leuning. 1980. Correction of flux measurements for density effects due to heat and water vapour transfer. Quart. J.R. Met. Soc. 106, 85–100.
Wesely, M.L., D.R. Cook and R.L. Hart. 1985. Measurement and parameterization of particulate sulphur dry deposition over grass. J. Geophys. Res. 90, No. Dl, 2131–2143.
Whelpdale, D.M. and R.W. Shaw. 1974. Sulphur dioxide removal by turbulent transfer over grass, snow and water surface. Tellus 16, 1–2.
White, J.U. 1942. Long paths of large aperture. J. Opt. Soc. Am. 32, 285–288.
White, J.U. 1976. Very long paths in air. J. Opt. Soc. Am. 66, No. 5 411–416.
Zenger, A. 1983. Die Eddy-Korrelation als Methode zur Besimmung von turbulenten Wärmeflüssen in der Atmosphäre. Diplomarbeit, Institut für Umweltphysik der Universität, Heidelberg.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1988 Kluwer Academic Publishers
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Nestlen, M.G. (1988). A New Instrument for SO2 Eddy Flux Measurements. In: Unsworth, M.H., Fowler, D. (eds) Acid Deposition at High Elevation Sites. NATO ASI Series, vol 252. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-3079-7_34
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-3079-7_34
Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht
Print ISBN: 978-94-010-7883-2
Online ISBN: 978-94-009-3079-7
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive