Abstract
The capacity for broad and narrow band spectrophotometry of point sources and spectral imaging of extended sources over a broad energy range are prominent features of X-ray missions now being developed. X-ray concentrators, energy sensitive broad-band imaging detectors and wavelength dispersive gratings and crystals can be combined to provide powerful tools for performing diagnostic measurements on cosmic X-ray plasmas. A selection of these devices is described.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
B. Aschenbach, H. Bräuninger, and G. Kettenring, 1983, ‘Design and construction of the ROSAT 5 arcsec mirror assembly’, Adv Space Res 2, 251–254.
B. Aschenbach, 1985‘X-ray telescopes’ Rep Prog Phys 48, 579–629.
A.C. Brinkman, J.J. van Rooijen, J.A.M. Bleeker, J.H. Dijkstra, J. Heise, P.A.J. de Korte, R. Mewe, F. Paerels, 1985‘Low energy X-ray transmission grating spectrometer for AXAF’ SPIE 597, 232–240
B.P. Byrnak, F.E. Christensen, N.J. Westergaard, and H.W. Schnopper, 1985‘Doubly curved imaging Bragg crystal spectrometer for X-ray astronomy’ Appl Opt 24, 2543–2547.
E.G. Chowanietz, D.H. Lumb, and A.A. Wells, 1985‘Charge coupled devices (CCDs) for X-ray spectroscopy applications’ SPIE 597, 381–388.
Citterio, G. Conti, E. Mattaini, B. Sacco, E. Santambrogio, 1985‘Optics for X-ray concentrators on board of the Astronomy Satellite SAX’ SPIE 597, 102–110.
N. Coron, G. Artzner, G. Dambier, G. Jegoudez, J. Leblanc, J.P. Lepeltier, J.Y. Deschamps, R. Rocchia, A. Tarrius, O. Testard, P.G. Hansen, B. Jonson, H.L. Ravn, H.H. Stroke, and E. Turlot, 1985‘Composite bolometers as spectrometers for X-ray astronomy’ SPIE 597, 389–396.
J.L. Culhane, A.H. Gabriel, L.W. Acton, C.G. Rapley, K.J. Phillips, C.J. Wolfson, E. Antonucci, R.D. Bentley, R.C. Catura, C. Jordan, M.A. Kayat, B.J. Kent, J.W. Leibacher, A.N. Parmar, J.C. Sherman, L.A. Springer, K.T. Strong, and N.J. Veck. 1981‘X-ray spectra of solar flares obtained with a high resolution bent crystal spectrometer’ Ap J 244, L141–L145.
J. Davelaar, A. Peacock, and B.G. Taylor, 1982‘A gas scintillation camera for X-ray astronomy’ IEEE Trans Nucl Sci NS 29, 142–145.
P.G. Fabricant, L.M. Cohen, and P. Gorenstein, 1988‘X-ray performance of the LAMAR proto-flight mirror’ SPIE 830, in press.
R. Giacconi, G. Branduardi, U. Briel, A. Epstein, D. Fabricant, E. Feigelson, W. Forman, P. Gorenstein, J. Grindlay, H. Gursky, F.R. Harnden Jr., J.P. Henry, C. Jones, E. Kellogg, D. Koch, S. Murray, E. Schreier, F. Seward, H. Tananbaum, K. Topka, L. Van Speybroeck, S.S. Holt, R.H. Becker. E.A. Boldt, P.J. Serlemitsos, G. Clark, C. Canizares, T. Markert, R. Novick, D. Helfand, and K. Long, 1979‘The EINSTEIN (HEAO 2) X-ray Observatory’ Ap J 230, 540–550.
P. Gorenstein, L. Cohen, and D. Fabricant, 1985‘X-ray telescope module for the LAMAR Space Experiment’ SPIE 597, 128–134.
C. Hettrick, and M. Kahn, 1985‘A reflection grating spectrometer for the X-ray Multiple-Mirror (XMM) Space Observatory: Design and Calculated Performance’ SPIE 597, 291–300.
R. Hudec and B. Valnicek, 1985‘Czechoslovak replica X-ray mirrors for astronomical applications’ SPIE 597, 111–118.
J.R. Janesick, S.T. Elliot, J.K. McCarthy, H.H. March, and S.A. Collins, 1985‘Present and future CCDs for UV and X-ray scientific measurements’ IEEE Trans Nucl Sci NS-32, 409–416.
R. Joyce, R. Becker, F. Birsa, S. Holt, and M. Noordzy, 1978‘The Goddard Space Flight Center solid state spectrometer for the HEAO-B mission’ IEEE Trans Nucl Sci NS-25, 453–458.
P.A.J, de Korte, R. Giralt, J.N. Coste, C. Ernu, S. Frindel, J. Flamand, and J.J. Contet, 1981‘EXOSAT X-ray imaging optics’ Appl Opt 20, 1080–1088.
P.A.J, de Korte, 1988‘High throughput replica optics’ SPIE 830, in press.
W. H-M. Ku, C.J. Hailey, and M.H. Vartanian, 1982‘Properties of an imaging gas scintillation proportional counter’ Nuc Inst Meth 196, 63–67.
K. Kunieda and P.J. Serlemitsos, 1988‘Optical assessment of grazing incidence X-ray mirrors’ SPIE 30, in press.
M.M. Madsen, P. Jonasson, P.L. Jensen, H.E. Rasmussen, P. Ørup, and H.W. Schnopper, 1985‘A multiwire proportional counter for low energy X-ray imaging’ SPIE 597, 199–205.
S.H. Moseley, J.C. Mather, and D. McCammon, 1984‘Thermal detectors as X-ray spectrometers’ J Appl Phys 56, 1257–1262.
R. Petre, C.R. Canizares, G.A. Kriss, and P.F. Winkler, 1982‘A high-resolution X-ray image of Puppis A: Inhomogeneities in the interstellar medium’ Ap J 258, 22–30.
E. Pfefferman and U. Briel, 1985‘Performance of the position sensitive proportional counter of the ROSAT telescope’ SPIE 597, 208–212.
R. Rocchia, M. Arnaud, C. Blondel, C. Cheron, J.C. Christy, R. Rothen-flug, 1984‘Spectral observations of the soft X-ray background with solid state detectors: Evidence for line emissions’ Astron Astrophys 130, 53–61.
Schnopper, H.W., L.P. Van Speybroeck, J.P. Delvaille, P. Epstein, E. Källne, R.L. Bachrach, J. Dijkstra, and L. Lantward, 1977‘Diffraction grating transmission efficiencies for XUV and soft X rays’ Appl Opt 16, 1088–1091.
H.W. Schnopper and B. Byrnak, 1987‘Bragg imaging of extended cosmic X-ray sources: the objective crystal spectrometer’ Appl Opt 26, 2871–2876.
P.J. Serlemitsos, R. Petre, C. Glasser, and F. Birsa, 1984‘Broad band X-ray astronomical spectroscopy’ IEEE Trans on Nuc Sci NS-31, 786–790.
S. Seward, P. Gorenstein, and W. Tucker, 1983‘The mass of Tycho’s supernova remnant as determined from a high-resolution X-ray map’ Ap J 266, 287–297.
D.G. Simmons, P.A.J. de Korte, and H. Heppener, 1987‘An X-ray imaging gas scintillation spectrometer’ Lab. for Space Research, Leiden, preprint.
L. van Speybroeck, 1988‘Grazing incidence optics for the United States high resolution X-ray astronomy program’ SPIE 830, in press.
Y. Tanaka and F. Makino, 1988‘Grazing incidence optics for the X-ray astronomy mission SX0’ SPIE 830, in press.
J. Trümper, 1984‘ROSAT’ Physica Scripta T7, 209–215.
N.J. Westergaard and P.L. Jensen, 1985‘A thin foil high throughput X-ray telescope’ SPIE 597, 68–73.
H. Wolter, 1952a, Ann Phys NY 10, 94.
H. Wolter, 1952b, Ann Phys NY 10, 286.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1988 Kluwer Academic Publishers
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Schnopper, H.W. (1988). Instrumentation for the Study of Cosmic X-Ray Plasmas. In: Pallavicini, R. (eds) Hot Thin Plasmas in Astrophysics. NATO ASI Series, vol 249. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-3065-0_3
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-3065-0_3
Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht
Print ISBN: 978-94-010-7878-8
Online ISBN: 978-94-009-3065-0
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive