Abstract
We present some new results concerning the first and last stages in the formation of a low-mass star before it becomes visible as an optical object. The first stage involves the slow condensation of a molecular cloud core to the brink of gravitational collapse. We give detailed theoretical models of this process under the assumption that the rate of condensation is governed by the slip of neutrals relative to the ions and magnetic fields that help to support a molecular cloud against its self-gravity. The theoretical calculations compare well with the existing observational information. The last stage involves the onset of a stellar wind that helps to clear away the surrounding placenta of gas and dust, thereby making the young stellar object optically visible. We discuss new observational evidence that the emerging wind is largely neutral and atomic in low-mass protostars. We then suggest a simple theoretical mechanism for the generation of such powerful neutral winds.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Adams, F. C., and Shu, F. H. 1986, Ap. J., 308, 836.
Adams, F. C., Lada, C. J., and Shu, F. H. 1987, Ap. J., 312, 788.
Adams, F. C., 1988, Ap. J., in press.
Bally, J. 1987, Irish Astr. J., 17, 270.
Bieging, J., Cohen, M., and Schwartz, P. R. 1984, Ap. J., 282, 699.
Bouvier, J., Bertout, C., Benz, W., and Mayor, M. 1986, Astr. Ap., 165, 110.
Clark, F. O., and Laureijs, R. J. 1986, Astr. Ap., 154, L26.
Cohen, M. 1984, Physics Rep., 116(4), 173.
Cohen, M., and Kuhi, L. V. 1979, Ap. J. Suppl., 41, 743.
Cohen, M., and Schwartz, R. D. 1983, Ap. J., 265, 877.
Cohen, M., Harvey, P. M., Schwartz, R. D., and Wilking, B. A. 1984, Ap.J., 278, 671.
Davidson, J. A., and Jaffe, D. T. 1984, Ap. J. (Letters), 277, L13.
Edwards, S., and Snell, R. L. 1984, Ap. J., 281, 237
Edwards, S., Strom, S. E., Snell, R. L., Jarrett, T. H., Beichman, C. A., and Strom, K. M. 1986, Ap. J. (Letters), 307, L65.
Dame, T.M., Elmegreen, B. G., Cohen, R. S., and Thaddeus, P. 1985, in IAU Symposium No. 106, The Milky Way, ed. H. van Woerden, R. J. Allen and W.B. Burton, (Dordrecht: Reidel), p. 303.
Dupree, A. K. 1986, in Ann. Rev. Astr. Ap., 24, 377.
Elmegreen, B. G. 1979, Ap. J., 232, 729.
Fuller, G. A., and Myers, P. C. 1987, in Physical Processes in Interstellar Clouds ed. D. M. Scholer, (Dordrecht: Reidel), p. 137.
Hartmann, L. 1983, in IAU Symposium No. 102, Solar and Magnetic Fields, ed. J. O. Stenflo (Dordrecht: Reidel), p. 419.
Hartmann, L., Hewitt, R., Stahler, S., and Mathieu, R. D. 1986, Ap. J., 309, 275.
Hartmann, L., and MacGregor K. B. 1982, Ap. J., 259, 180.
James, R. A. 1964, Ap. J., 140, 552.
Lada, C. J., 1985, Ann. Rev. Astr. Ap., 23, 267.
Lada, C. J., and Wilking, B. A. 1984, Ap. J., 287, 610.
Lago, M. T. V. T. 1984, M. N. R. A. S., 210, 323.
Levreault, R. M. 1985, Ph.D. Thesis, University of Texas.
Lizano, S. 1988, Ph.D. Thesis, University of California, Berkeley.
Lizano, S. and Shu, F. H. 1988, in preparation.
Lizano, S., Heiles, C., Rodriguez, L. F., Koo, B., Shu, F. H., Hasegawa, T., Hayashi, S., and Mirabel, I. F. 1988, Ap.J., in press.
Lubow, S. H., and Shu, F. H. 1975, Ap. J., 198, 383.
Mathieu, R. D., Benson, P. J., Fuller, G. A., Myers, P. C., and Schild, R. E. 1988, Ap.J., in press.
Mestel, L. 1965, Quart. J. Roy. Astron. Soc., 6, 265.
Mestel, L. 1968, M.N.R.A.S., 138, 359.
Mestel, L. 1985, in Protostars and Planets II, ed. D. C. Black and M. S. Matthews (Tucson: University of Arizona Press), p. 320.
Mestel, L., and Spitzer, L. 1956, M. N. R. A. S., 116, 503.
Mouschovias, T. Ch. 1976, Ap. J., 207, 141.
Mouschovias, T. Ch.1978, in Protostars and Planets, ed. T. Gehrels (Tucson: University of Arizona Press), p. 209.
Mundt, R., and Fried, J. W. 1983, Ap. J. (Letters), 274, L83.
Myers, P. C., and Benson, P. J. 1983, Ap. J., 266, 309.
Myers, P. C., and Goodman, A. 1988, Ap. J., in press.
Nakano, T. 1979, Pub. Astr. Soc. Japan, 31, 697.
Nakano, T. 1984, Fund. Cosmic Phys., 9, 139.
Natta, A., Giovanardi, C., Palla, F., and Evans, N. J. 1988, Ap. J., in press.
Nerney, S. F., and Suess, S. T. 1975, Ap. J., 196, 837.
Rodriguez, L. F. and Canto, J. 1983, Rev. Mex. Astr. Astrof., 8, 163.
Sakurai, T. 1985, Astr. Ap., 152, 121.
Schatzman, E. 1962, Ann. D’Astrophys., 25, 18.
Shu, F. H. 1983, Ap. J., 273, 202.
Shu, F. H., Adams, F. C., and Lizano, S., 1987, Ann. Rev. Astr. Ap., 25, 23.
Shu, F. H., Lizano, S., Rüden, S. P., and Najita, J. 1988a, Ap. J. (Letters), submitted.
Shu, F. H., Lizano, S., Rüden, S. P., and Najita, J. 1988b, in preparation
Shu, F. H., and Terebey, S. 1984, in Cool Stars, Stellar Systems, and the Sun, ed. S. Baliunas and L. Hartmann (Berlin: Springer-Verlag), p. 78.
Snell, R. L. 1987, in IAU Symposium 115, Star Forming Regions, ed. M. Peimbert and J. Jugaku (Dordrecht: Reidel), p. 213.
Solomon, P. M. and Sanders, D. B. 1985, in Protostars and Planets II, ed. D. C. Black and M. S. Matthews (Tucson: University of Arizona Press), p. 59.
Stahler, S. W. 1983, Ap. J., 274, 822.
Stocke, J., Hartigan, P., Strom, S. E., Strom, K. M., Anderson, E. R., Hartmann, L., and Kenyon, S. A. 1988, Ap. J., submitted.
Strittmatter, P. A. 1966, M. N. R. A. S., 132, 359.
Strom, K. M., Strom, S. E., Wolf, S. C., Morgan, J., and Wenz, M. 1986, Ap. J. Suppl., 62, 39.
Strom, K. M., Strom, S. E., Kenyon, S. J., and Hartmann, L. 1988, Ap. J., in press.
Terebey, S., Shu, F. H., and Cassen, P. 1984, Ap. J., 286, 529.
Vogel, S. N., and Kuhi, L. V. 1981, Ap. J., 245, 960.
Welch, W. J., Vogel, S. N., Plambeck, R. L., Wright, M. C. H., and Bieging, J. H. 1985, Science, 228, 1329.
Wilking, B. A., and Lada, C. J. 1983, Ap. J., 274, 698.
Young, E. T., Lada, C. J., and Wilking, B. A. 1986, Ap. J. (Letters), 304, L45.
Yuan, C., and Cassen, P. 1985, Icarus, 64, 435.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1988 Kluwer Academic Publishers
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Shu, F.H., Lizano, S., Adams, F.C., Ruden, S.P. (1988). Beginning and End of a Low-Mass Protostar. In: Dupree, A.K., Lago, M.T.V.T. (eds) Formation and Evolution of Low Mass Stars. NATO ASI Series, vol 241. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-3037-7_7
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-3037-7_7
Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht
Print ISBN: 978-94-010-7865-8
Online ISBN: 978-94-009-3037-7
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive