Abstract
In well drained soils, Mn toxicity generally occurs only at pH levels of 5.5 or below, but in flooded or compacted soils Mn can be toxic at pH 6.0, and higher, if the soil parent materials contain sufficient total Mn (50). Under conditions of poor soil aeration, Mn is reduced to the divalent form which is available to plants (109, 39, 132). Manganese toxicity has also occurred on calcareous soils at pH 8.1 where Fe-deficient flax plants have created reducing conditions in the rhizosphere (97). Thus, Mn toxicity can occur at a soil pH that is too high for Al to be soluble in toxic concentrations as a cation and too low for toxicity as an aluminate anion.
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Foy, C.D., Scott, B.J., Fisher, J.A. (1988). Genetic Differences in Plant Tolerance to Manganese Toxicity. In: Graham, R.D., Hannam, R.J., Uren, N.C. (eds) Manganese in Soils and Plants. Developments in Plant and Soil Sciences, vol 33. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-2817-6_20
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