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The Fouling of Catalysts by Deposition of Filamentous Carbon

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Book cover Fouling Science and Technology

Part of the book series: NATO ASI Series ((NSSE,volume 145))

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Abstract

Catalysts tend to loose activity under the specific conditions of their operation. Consideration of this deactivation affects not only the preparation of the catalysts but also, in many cases, the design of the very process in which they are used. Deactivation studies are, thus, of great importance and a number of authoritative monographs and reviews have been published (1–4). Deactivation may be brought about by many factors. The majors ones are:

  1. i)

    Strong adsorption of a poison on an active site, that changes the nature of the catalytic surface, diminishing the number of sites available for the reaction. Catalyst poisoning is frequently a selective, irreversible process. Sulphur compounds, mercury (for metals) and alkali (for stoichiometric acidic catalysts) are common poisons.

  2. ii)

    Solid state transformations, either sintering or solid state chemical phenomena. The former means the diminution of the surface area of the active species or the support by aggregation of crystallites. The latter refers to phase transformations or formation of new chemical compounds.

  3. iii)

    Formation of solid deposits, either by physical deposition or by a process involving adsorption, chemical reaction and growth on the surface of the catalysts. The term fouling is applied to this particular type of deactivation.

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Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Centro de Química Pura e Aplicada (I.N.I.C), Universidade do Minho, 4719, Braga Codex, Portugal

    C. A. Bernardo

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  1. C. A. Bernardo
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Editors and Affiliations

  1. University of Minho, Braga, Portugal

    L. F. Melo  & C. A. Bernardo  & 

  2. University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK

    T. R. Bott

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© 1988 Kluwer Academic Publishers

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Bernardo, C.A. (1988). The Fouling of Catalysts by Deposition of Filamentous Carbon. In: Melo, L.F., Bott, T.R., Bernardo, C.A. (eds) Fouling Science and Technology. NATO ASI Series, vol 145. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-2813-8_26

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-2813-8_26

  • Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht

  • Print ISBN: 978-94-010-7766-8

  • Online ISBN: 978-94-009-2813-8

  • eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive

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