Abstract
For several decades volitional concepts have been widely neglected in psychology. Today, we have reasons to believe that the philosophical objections against their use do not justify that theoretical abstinence (Kuhl, 1984). Modern conceptions of volition emerging in various subfields of psychology demonstrate that the criticisms concerning introspectionistic, mentalistic, and moralistic connotations of classical concepts of volition can be overcome without removing those concepts altogether. In this article, we will summarize our own approach to volition, which developed from a motivational perspective, compare it to some current cognitive approaches to volition, and present the results of several experiments that illustrate the commonalities and differences between motivational and cognitive approaches.
Access this chapter
Tax calculation will be finalised at checkout
Purchases are for personal use only
Preview
Unable to display preview. Download preview PDF.
References
Ach, N. (1910). Über die Willenstätigkeit und das Denken. Eine experimentelle Untersuchung mit einem Anhange. Über das Hippsche Chronoskop. Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht.
Ach, N. (1935). Analyse des Willens. In E. Abderhalden (Ed.), Handbuch der biologischen Arbeitsmethoden, Bd. VI. Berlin: Urban & Schwarzenberg.
Anderson, J. R. (1983). The architecture of cognition. Cambridge, MA: Cambridge University Press.
Atkinson, J. W. (Ed.). (1958). Motives in fantasy, action, and society. New York: Van Nostrand-Reinhold.
Atkinson, J.W., & Birch, D. (1970). The dynamics of action. New York: John Wiley & Sons.
Beckmann, J., & Kuhl, J. (1984). Altering information to gain action control: Functional aspects of human information processing in decision-making. Journal of Research in Personality, 18, 223–237.
Brunstein, J. C., & Olbrich, E. (1985). Personal helplessness and action control: An analysis of achievement-related cognitions, self-assessments, and performance. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 48, 1540–1551.
Czikszentmihalyi, M. (1975). Beyond boredom and anxiety. San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass.
Feather, N. T. (1967). Valence of outcome and expectation of success in relation to task difficulty and perceived locus of control. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 7, 372–386.
Feather, N. T. (Ed.) (1982). Expectations and actions: Expectancy-value models in psychology. Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
Goschke, T., & Kuhl, J. (1987). Memory for intention-related knowledge: Task-irrelevant activation of future goals. Manuscript in preparation. University of Osnabrück, F.R.G.
Hamilton, V. (1983). The cognitive structures and processes of human motivation and personality. New York: Wiley.
Hiroto, D. S., & Seligman, M. E. P. (1975). Generality of learned helplessness in man. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 31, 311–327.
Humbert, Ch. (1981). Schwierigkeitswahl und Leistung nach Erfolg und Misserfolg als Funktion von Lageorientierung und Standardsetzung. Unpublished thesis. Ruhr University Bochum, F.R.G.
Johnson-Laird, P. N. (1983). Mental models: Towards a cognitive science of language, inference, and consciousness. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Kuhl, J. (1981). Motivational and functional helplessness: The moderating effect of state vs action orientation. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 40, 155–170.
Kuhl, J. (1982). Handlungskontrolle als metakognitiver Vermittler zwischen Intention und Handeln: Freizeitaktivität bei Hauptschüler. Zeitschrift für Entwicklungspsychologie und Pädagogische Psychologie, 14, 141–148.
Kuhl, J. (1983a). Motivation, Konflikt, und Handlungskontrolle. Berlin: Springer.
Kuhl, J. (1983b). Motivationstheoretische Aspekte der Depressionsgenese: Der Einfluss von Lageorientierung auf Schmerzempfinden, Medikamentenkonsum und Handlungskontrolle. In M. Wolferdorf, R. Straub, & G. Hole (Eds.), Der depressive Kranke in der psychiatrischen Klinik: Theorie und Praxis der Diagnostik und Therapie (pp. 411-424). Regensburg: Roeder.
Kuhl, J. (1984). Volitional aspects of achievement motivation and learned helplessness: Toward a comprehensive theory of action control. In B. A. Maher (Ed.), Progress in experimental personality research. Vol. 13 (pp. 99–171). New York: Academic Press.
Kuhl, J. (1985). Volitional mediators of cognition-behavior consistency: Self-regulatory processes and action versus state orientation. In J. Kuhl, & J. Beckmann (Eds.), Action control: From cognition to behavior (pp. 101–128). Berlin: Springer.
Kuhl, J. (1986). Motivation and information processing: A new look at decision-making, dynamic conflict, and action control. In R.N. Sorrentino, & E.T. Higgins (Eds.), The Handbook of Motivation and Cognition: Foundations of Social Behavior (pp. 404–434). New York: Guilford.
Kuhl, J., & Atkinson, J. W. (Eds.). (1986). Motivation, thought, and action. New York: Praeger.
Kuhl, J., & Eisenbeiser, T. (1986). Mediating vs. meditating cognitions in human motivation: Action control, inertial motivation and the alienation effect. In J. Kuhl, & J. W. Atkinson (Eds.), Motivation, thought, and action. (pp. 288–306). New York: Praeger.
Kuhl, J., & Helle, L. (1986). Motivational and volitional determinants of depression: The degenerated-intention hypothesis. Journal of Abnormal Psychology, 95, 247–251.
Kuhl, J., & Schneider, W. (1987). Emotion control and self-regulation: Avoidance of sadness-inducing stimuli while resisting temptation. Manuscript submitted for publication.
Kuhl, J., & Weiss, M. (1985). Performance deficits following uncontrollable failure: Impaired action control or generalized expectancy deficits? Munich: Max Planck Institut for Psychological Research, Paper No 5/84.
Lewe, B. (1983). Handlungs- versus Lageorientierung als Moderator der Verhaltenswirksamkeit von Kausalattributionen. Unpublished thesis. Ruhr University Bochum, F.R.G.
Lewin, K. (1938). The conceptual representation and measurement of psychological forces. Durham, NC: Duke University Press.
McClelland, D. C., Atkinson, J. W., Clark, R. A., & Lowell, E. L. (1953). The achievement motive. New York: Appleton Century Crofts.
Miller, G. A., Galanter, E., & Pribram, K. H. (1960). Plans and the structure of behavior. London: Holt, Rinehart, and Winston.
Mischel, W., Ebbesen, E. G., & Zeiss, A. R. (1972). Cognitive and attentional mechanisms in delay of gratification. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 21, 204–218.
Morrris, L. W., & Liebert, R. M. (1969). Effects of anxiety on timed and untimed intelligence tests. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 33, 240–244.
Norman, D. A. (1980). Twelve issues for cognitive science. Cognitive Science, 4, 1–32.
Norman, D.A. (1981). Categorization of action slips. Psychological Review, 88, 1–15.
Norman, D. A., & Shallice, T. (1985). Attention to action: Willed and automatic control of behavior. In R. J. Davidson, G. E. Schwartz, & D. Shapiro (Eds.), Consciousness and self-regulation: Advances in research, Vol. 4. New York: Plenum Press.
Raaijmakers, J., & Shiffrin, R. M. (1981). Search of associative memory. Psychological Review, 88, 93–134.
Ratcliff, R. (1978). A theory of memory retrieval. Psychological Review, 85, 59–103.
Reason, J. T. (1984). Absent-mindedness and cognitive control. In J. E. Harris, & P. E. Morris (Eds.), Everyday memory, actions, and absent-mindedness. London: Academic Press.
Reitman, W. K. (1960). Motivational induction and the behavioral correlates of the achievement and affiliative motives. Journal of Abnormal and Social Psychology, 60, 8–13.
Seligman, M. E. P. (1975). Helplessness: On depression, development, and death. San Francisco: Freeman.
Vallacher, R. R., & Wegner, D. M. (1985). A theory of action identification. Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
Weiner, B. (1980). Human motivation. New York: Holt, Rinehart, and Winston.
Weiner, B. Russel, D., & Lerman, D. (1978). Affective consequences of causal ascriptions. In J. H. Harvey, W. Ickes, and R. F. Kidd (Eds.), New directions in attribution research (Vol. 2, pp. 59–90). Hillsdale, NJ: Erlbaum.
Weiner, B., & Sierad, J. (1975). Misattribution for failure and enhancement of achievement strivings. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 31, 415–421.
Wine, J. (1971). Test anxiety and direction of attention. Psychological Bulletin, 76, 92–104.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Editor information
Editors and Affiliations
Rights and permissions
Copyright information
© 1988 Kluwer Academic Publishers
About this chapter
Cite this chapter
Kuhl, J., Kazen-Saad, M. (1988). A Motivational Approach to Volition: Activation and De-Activation of Memory Representations Related to Uncompleted Intentions. In: Hamilton, V., Bower, G.H., Frijda, N.H. (eds) Cognitive Perspectives on Emotion and Motivation. NATO ASI Series, vol 44. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-2792-6_3
Download citation
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-2792-6_3
Publisher Name: Springer, Dordrecht
Print ISBN: 978-94-010-7756-9
Online ISBN: 978-94-009-2792-6
eBook Packages: Springer Book Archive