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Tectonic Evolution of the Tethyan Region pp 159–189Cite as

An Approach to the Origin of Young Volcanic Rocks of Western Turkey

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Part of the book series: NATO ASI Series ((ASIC,volume 259))

Abstract

Young volcanism (± Post-Oligocene) in Western Turkey has evolved under a strong tectonic control. North-south shortening in the region lasted until the beginning of the late Miocene (± Tortonian) and was accommodated by an A-type subduction. This zone of A-type subduction reached into sub-crustal depths, and led to liberation of H2O, SiO2, K2O, LIL and radioactive isotopes. These liquids affected the overlying mantle, depressed its melting point and forced it to melt locally. They generated intermediate hybrid volcanic rocks of diverse composition.

Due to the crustal shortening, anatectic granites formed and began rising. Magma formed farther down in the mantle was contaminated as it rose through the lower crust. The hybrid volcanism gradually waned after the late Miocene and was replaced by alkaline basaltic magmas as north-south shortening was replaced by north-south extension. This new volcanism had its source in a partly metasomatized mantle and produced two main types of lavas. Some of the basalts stemming from the metasomatized mantle became enriched in mobile elements much like the hybrid andesites. Those formed from ‘normal’ mantle gave rise to typical rift-type basalts. These two types of lavas evolved coevally in the same places in Western Turkey.

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  1. Maden Fakültesi, Jeoloji Müh. Bölümü , İstanbul Teknik Üniversitesi, Maçka-Istanbul, Turkey

    Y. Yilmaz

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  1. Department of Geology, Istanbul Technical University, Istanbul, Turkey

    A. M. C. Şengör

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Yilmaz, Y. (1989). An Approach to the Origin of Young Volcanic Rocks of Western Turkey. In: Şengör, A.M.C. (eds) Tectonic Evolution of the Tethyan Region. NATO ASI Series, vol 259. Springer, Dordrecht. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-2253-2_10

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